• 제목/요약/키워드: strong thin layer

검색결과 162건 처리시간 0.025초

강진향(Dalbergia odorifera T.CHEN) 에탄올 추출물로부터 항산화 활성물질의 구조동정 (Identification of Antioxidative Components from Ethanol Extracts of Dalbergia odorifera T.CHEN)

  • 최웅;김인원;백남인;신동화
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.893-897
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    • 2002
  • 강진향(Dalbergia odorifera T.CHEN)은 콩과에 속하는 한약재로 한방에서는 진통(鎭痛), 지혈(止血)의 목적으로 사용되어 왔다. Rancimat method로 항산화 활성이 인정된 강진향 75% 에탄올 추출물의 클로로포름 층을 가지고 항산화 활성 물질을 확인하기 위하여 silica gel chromatography 와 thin layer chromatography로 물질을 분리하고, mass spectrometer, $^1H-NMR$$^{13}C-NMR$을 통해 순수물질을 동정하였다. 순수 분리된 물질은 flavonoid 화합물 중 isoflavan 골격을 가지는 mucronulatol(3(R&S)-3',7-dihydroxy-2',4-dimethoxyisoflavan) 로 동정되었다. 이 물질에 대한 ascorbic acid, citric acid 및 ${\delta}-tocopherol$과의 synergist 효과를 비교하기 위해 돈지, 함유, 대두유, 옥배유를 기질로 하여 Rancimat 방법으로 시험한 결과, 돈지에 대해서는 mucronulatol(600 ppm)만 처리시 AI가 7.71, ${\delta}-tocopherol(200ppm)$과의 병용시 AI가 10.97로 약 1.5배의 상승효과가 있었으며, 식물성 유지인 팜유에 대해서는 mucronulatol(600 ppm)만 처리시 AI가 1.42, ascorbic acid(200 ppm), citric acid(200 ppm) 첨가시 AI가 각각 2.04, 2.04로 약 1.5배의 상승효과를 보였으며, 대두유와 옥배유에 대해서는 뚜렷한 상승효과를 보이지 않았다.

Bosonic Insulator Phase beyond the Superconductor-Insulator Transition in Granular In/InO$_x$ Thin Films

  • Kim, Ki-Joon;Lee, Hu-Jong
    • 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국초전도학회 1999년도 High Temperature Superconductivity Vol.IX
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    • pp.222-222
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    • 1999
  • From extensive measurements of the resistance and the dynamic resistance as functions of magnetic field and temperature, we find that the transport in the insulating state beyond the superconductor-insulator (S-I) transition is dominated by bosons(Cooper pairs and/or vortices) and cannot be described by the theory of the fermionic insulating phase. The maximum of the magnetoresistance at B = B$_m$ and the following negative slope in R(B) with increasing field can be explained by the crossover from the "Bose-glass" to the "Fermi-glass" phase as suggested by Paalanen, Hebard, and Ruel. The zero bias peak in dv/dl for biases below the characteristic voltage V$_c$ (or current $I_c$), gives a clue for the assumption of the "dirty boson" model which states that the insulating state above the critical magnetic field is the phase where Cooper pairs are localized due to the Coulomb blockade with a nonvanishing order parameter. The shift to a lower value of the critical magnetic field by overlaying thin Au layer, which is known as a strong spin-orbit scatterer, also supports the bosonic nature of the S-I transition.

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Graphene Oxide Thin Films for Nonvolatile Memory Applications

  • Kim, Jong-Yun;Jeong, Hu-Young;Choi, Hong-Kyw;Yoon, Tae-Hyun;Choi, Sung-Yool
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.9-9
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    • 2011
  • There has been strong demand for novel nonvolatile memory technology for low-cost, large-area, and low-power flexible electronics applications. Resistive memories based on metal oxide thin films have been extensively studied for application as next-generation nonvolatile memory devices. However, although the metal oxide-based resistive memories have several advantages, such as good scalability, low-power consumption, and fast switching speed, their application to large-area flexible substrates has been limited due to their material characteristics and necessity of a high-temperature fabrication process. As a promising nonvolatile memory technology for large-area flexible applications, we present a graphene oxide-based memory that can be easily fabricated using a room temperature spin-casting method on flexible substrates and has reliable memory performance in terms of retention and endurance. The microscopic origin of the bipolar resistive switching behaviour was elucidated and is attributed to rupture and formation of conducting filaments at the top amorphous interface layer formed between the graphene oxide film and the top Al metal electrode, via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and in situ x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. This work provides an important step for developing understanding of the fundamental physics of bipolar resistive switching in graphene oxide films, for the application to future flexible electronics.

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SiO$_2$ 완충층이 ZnO 박막의 물성 및 IDT/ZnO/SiO$_2$/Si 다층막 구조 표면탄성파 소자의 특성에 미치는 영향 (Effects of SiO$_2$ Buffer Layer on Properties of ZnO thin films and Characteristics of SAW Devices with a Multilayered Configuration of IDT/ZnO/SiO$_2$/Si)

  • 이진복;이명호;박진석
    • 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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    • 제51권9호
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    • pp.417-422
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    • 2002
  • ZnO thin films were deposited on various substrates, such as Si-(111), SiO$_2$(5000 $\AA$ by thermal CVD)/Si-(100), and SiO$_2$(2000 $\AA$ by RF sputtering)/Si-(100). The (002)-orientation, surface morphology and roughness, and electrical resistivity of deposited films were measured and compared in terms of substrate. Surface acoustic wave(SAW) filters with a multilayered configuration of IDT/ZnO/SiO$_2$/Si were also fabricated and the IDT was obtained using a lift-off method. From the frequency-response characteristics of fabricated devices, the insertion loss and side-lobe rejection were estimated. The experimental results showed that the (002)-oriented growth nature of ZnO films, which played a crucial role of determining the characteristic of SAW device, was strong1y dependent upon the SiO$_2$buffer.

In Situ Spectroscopy in Condensed Matter Physics

  • Noh, Tae Won
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.92-92
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    • 2014
  • Recently, many state-of-art spectroscopy techniques are used to unravel the mysteries of condensed matters. And numerous heterostructures have provided a new avenue to search for new emergent phenomena. Especially, near the interface, various forms of symmetry-breaking can appear, which induces many novel phenomena. Although these intriguing phenomena can be emerged at the interface, by using conventional measurement techniques, the experimental investigations have been limited due to the buried nature of interface. One of the ways to overcome this limitation is in situ investigation of the layer-by-layer evolution of the electronic structure with increasing of the thickness. Namely, with very thin layer, we can measure the electronic structure strongly affected by the interface effect, but with thick layer, the bulk property becomes strong. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is powerful tool to directly obtain electronic structure, and it is very surface sensitive. Thus, the layer-by-layer evolution of the electronic structure in oxide heterostructure can be investigated by using in situ ARPES. LaNiO3 (LNO) heterostructures have recently attracted much attention due to theoretical predictions for many intriguing quantum phenomena. The theories suggest that, by tuning external parameters such as misfit strain and dimensionality in LNO heterostructure, the latent orders, which is absent in bulk, including charge disproportionation, spin-density-wave order and Mott insulator, could be emerged in LNO heterostructure. Here, we performed in situ ARPES studies on LNO films with varying the misfit strain and thickness. (1) By using LaAlO3 (-1.3%), NdGaO3 (+0.3%), and SrTiO3 (+1.7%) substrates, we could obtain LNO films under compressive strain, nearly strain-free, and tensile strain, respectively. As strain state changes from compressive to tensile, the Ni eg bands are rearranged and cross the Fermi level, which induces a change of Fermi surface (FS) topology. Additionally, two different FS superstructures are observed depending on strain states, which are attributed to signatures of latent charge and spin orderings in LNO films. (2) We also deposited LNO ultrathin films under tensile strain with thickness between 1 and 10 unit-cells. We found that the Fermi surface nesting effect becomes strong in two-dimensions and significantly enhances spin-density-wave order. The further details are discussed more in presentation. This work was collaborated with Hyang Keun Yoo, Seung Ill Hyun, Eli Rotenberg, Ji Hoon Shim, Young Jun Chang and Hyeong-Do Kim.

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Damage on the Surface of Zinc Oxide Thin Films Etched in Cl-based Gas Chemistry

  • Woo, Jong-Chang;Ha, Tae-Kyung;Li, Chen;Kim, Seung-Han;Park, Jung-Soo;Heo, Kyung-Mu;Kim, Chang-Il
    • Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.51-55
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    • 2011
  • We investigated the etching characteristics of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films deposited by the atomic layer deposition method. The gases of the inductively coupled plasma chemistry consisted of $Cl_2$, Ar, and $O_2$. The maximum etch rate was 40.3 nm/min at a gas flow ratio of $Cl_2$/Ar=15:5 sccm, radio-frequency power of 600 W, bias power of 200 W, and process pressure of 2 Pa. We also investigated the plasma induced damage in the etched ZnO thin films using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence (PL). A highly oriented (100) peak was present in the XRD spectroscopy of the ZnO samples. The full width at half maximum value of the ZnO sample etched using the $O_2/Cl_2$/Ar chemistry was higher than that of the as-deposited sample. The roughness of the ZnO thin films increased from 1.91 nm to 2.45 nm after etching in the $O_2/Cl_2$/Ar plasma chemistry. Also, we obtained a strong band edge emission at 380 nm. The intensities of the peaks in the PL spectra from the samples etched in all of the chemistries were increased. However, there was no deep level emission.

Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline CoW Thin Film Alloys Electrodeposited from Citrate Baths

  • Park, Doek-Yong;Ko, Jang-Myoun
    • 전기화학회지
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    • 제6권4호
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    • pp.236-241
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    • 2003
  • Magnetic CoW thin film alloys were electrodeposited from citrate baths to investigate the resulting microstructure and magnetic properties. Deposit tungsten (W) content in the films electrodeposited at $70^{\circ}C$ were independent of current density, while coercivity decreased from hard $(H_{c,//}\~150\;Oe\;and\;H_{c.{\bot}}\;\~240\;Oe)$ to soft magnetic properties $(H_{c,//}\~20\;Oe\;and\;H_{c.{\bot}}\;\~30\;Oe)$ with increasing current densities from $10\;to\;100mA{\cdot}cm^2$, with deposit W content $(\~40\%)$ relatively unaffected by the applied current density. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that hcp $Co_3W$ phases [(200), (201) and (220) planes] in the CoW films electrodeposited at $70^{\circ}C\;and\;10mA{\cdot}cm^{-2}$ were dominant, whereas amorphous CoW phases with small amount of hcp $Co_3W$ [(002) planes] were dominant with deposition at $70^{\circ}C\;and\;100mA{\cdot}cm^{-2}$. At intermediate current densities $(25\;and\;50mA{\cdot}cm^{-2}),\;hop\;Co_3W$ phases [(200), (002), (201) and (220)] were observed. The average grain size was measured to be 30 nm from Sheller formula. It is suggested that the change of the deposit coercivities in the CoW thin films electrodeposited at $70^{\circ}C$ is attributed to the change of microstructures with varying the current density. Nanostructured $Co_3W/amorphous-CoW$ multilayers were fabricated by alternating current density between 10 and $100 mA{\cdot}cm^{-2}$, varying the individual layer thickness. The magnetic properties of $Co_3W/amorphous-CoW$ multilayers were strongly dependent on the thickness of the alternating hard and soft magnetic thin films. The nanostructured $Co_3W/amorphous-CoW$ multilayers exhibited a shift from low to high coercivities suggesting a strong coupling effect.

Cloning and Characterization of a Multidomain GH10 Xylanase from Paenibacillus sp. DG-22

  • Lee, Sun Hwa;Lee, Yong-Eok
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제24권11호
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    • pp.1525-1535
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    • 2014
  • The xynC gene, which encodes high molecular weight xylanase from Paenibacillus sp. DG-22, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The xynC gene comprised a 4,419bp open reading frame encoding 1,472 amino acid residues, including a 27 amino acid signal sequence. Sequence analysis indicated that XynC is a multidomain enzyme composed of two family 4_9 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), a catalytic domain of family 10 glycosyl hydrolases, a family 9 CBM, and three S-layer homologous domains. Recombinant XynC was purified to homogeneity by heat treatment, followed by Avicel affinity chromatography. SDS-PAGE and zymogram analysis of the purified enzyme identified three active truncated xylanase species. Protein sequencing of these truncated proteins showed that all had identical N-terminal sequences. In the protein characterization, recombinant XynC exhibited optimal activity at pH 6.5 and $65^{\circ}C$ and remained stable at neutral to alkaline pH (pH 6.0-10.0). The xylanase activity of recombinant XynC was strongly inhibited by 1 mM $Cu^{2+}$ and $Hg^{2+}$, whereas it was noticeably enhanced by 10 mM dithiothreitol. The enzyme exhibited strong activity towards xylans, including beechwood xylan and arabinoxylan, whereas it showed no cellulase activity. The hydrolyzed product patterns of birchwood xylan and xylooligosaccharides by thin-layer chromatography confirmed XynC as an endoxylanase.

횡하중을 받는 SiC/Ti-15-3 MMC 복합재 계면영역에서의 탄소성 응력장분포거동(II) (Elastic-Plastic Stress Distributions Behavior in the Interface of SiC/Ti-15-3 MMC under Transverse Loading(II))

  • 강지웅;권오헌
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.26-31
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    • 2005
  • The strong continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) are recently used in aerospace and transportation applications as an advanced material due to its high strength and light weight. Unidirectional fiber-metal matrix composites have superior mechanical properties along the longitudinal direction. However, the applicability of continuous fiber reinforced MMCs is somewhat limited due to their relatively poor transverse properties. Therefore, the transverse properties of MMCs are significantly influenced by the properties of the fiber/matrix interface. In order to be able to utilize these MMCs effectively and with safety, it must be determined their elastic plastic behaviors at the interface. In this study, the interfacial stress states of transversely loaded unidirectional fiber reinforced metal matrix composites investigated by using elastic-plastic finite element analysis. Different fiber volume fractions $(5-60\%)$ were studied numerically. The interlace was treated as three thin layer (with different properties) with a finite thickness between the fiber and the matrix. The fiber is modeled as transversely isotropic linear-elastic, and the matrix as isotropic elastic-plastic material. Using proposed model, the effects of the interface region and fiber arrangement in MMCs on the distributions of stress and strain are evaluated. The stress distributions of a thin multi layer interface have much less changes compared with conventional perfect interface. The analyses were based on a two-dimensional generalized plane strain model of a cross-section of an unidirectional composite by the ANSYS finite element analysis code.

돼지분변에서 분리한 Lactobacillus sp. KJ-5의 항균특성 (Antibacterial Activity of actobacillus sp. KJ-5 Isolated from Pig Feces)

  • 박경준;유연우
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제10권5호
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    • pp.553-560
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    • 1995
  • 어린돼지의 분변으로부터 Salmonella paratyphi에 강한 항균활성을 나타내는 균주를 분리하여, 이 균주를 Lactobacillus sp. KJ-5로 동정하였다. Lactoba C cillus sp. KJ-5 배양액의 항균활성은 균주의 성장에 비례하여 증가하여 정지기에서 최대를 나타냈으며, 최적 항균활성을 위한 배양온도는 $37^{\circ}C$로서 균주의 최적 성장온도와 통일하였다. Lactobacillus sp. KJ­5 배양여액의 pH를 6.2로 조정한 경우 항균활성이 약간 감소하였으나, catalase 처리에 의해셔는 항균 활성에 아무런 영향이 없었으므로 배양중에 생성된 산이나 H101 이외의 물질이 항균활성에 관여함을 알 수 있었다. 배양여 액으로 부터 methanol과 acetone 추출에 의하여 S. paratyphi어l 항균활성을 냐타내는 항균물질을 부분정제하였다. 부분정제된 항균물질은 thin-layer chromatography에서 3개의 물질로 분리 되었으며, 이중에 하나가 항균활성을 나타내었다. 또 한 부분정제된 항균물질은 270nm에셔 최대 uv 흉 광도를 나타내였으며, 단백질 가수분해 효소의 처리 에 의하여 완전히 불활성화 되었다. 따라서 Lactob$\alpha$ C cillus sp. KJ-5가 생성하는 항균물질은 저분자량의 단백질일 것으로 추정된다.

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