• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2004

It is recently well recognized that the technique for the one-sided stress wave velocity measurement in structural materials provides measurement in structural materials provides valuable information on the state of the material such as quality, uniformity, location of cracked or damaged area. This technique is especially effective to measure velocities of longitudinal and Rayleigh waves when access to only one surface of structure is possible. However, one of problems for one-sided stress wave velocity measurement is to get consistent and reliable source for the generation of elastic wave. In this study, the laser based surface elastic wave was used to provide consistent and reliable source for the generation of elastic wave into the materials. The velocities of creeping wave and Rayleigh wave in materials were measured by the one-sided technique using laser based surface elastic wave. These wave velocities were compared with bulk wave velocities such as longitudinal wave and shear wave velocities to certify accuracy of measurement. In addition, the mechanical properties such as poisson's ratio and specific modulus(E/p) were calculated with the velocities of surface elastic waves.

• 비파괴검사학회지
• /
• 제31권6호
• /
• pp.656-664
• /
• 2011

In this work, a numerical model is proposed for the relation between the magnitudes and the depth residual stress with the velocity of Rayleigh wave. Three cases, stress-free, uniform stress and layered stress, are investigated for the change tendency of the Rayleigh wave speed. Using the simulated signal with variation of residual stress magnitude and depth, investigation of the parameters for fitting residual stress and velocity change are performed. The speed change of Rayleigh wave shows a linear relation with the magnitude and an exponential relation with the depth of residual stress. The combination of these two effects could be used for the depth profile evaluation of the residual stress.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2004

In ancient wooden structures, the mechanical properties of the structural members have been reduced by time-dependent degradations such as fatigue or creep. Also, the external and internal deterioration was caused by environmental condition, fungi, bacteria, or insect, and then reduced the quality of structural members. However, the previous methods for evaluating the deterioration have been mainly depended on the visual inspection. In this study, therefore, ultrasonic stress wave test, accelerometer stress wave test were used to evaluate the deterioration of structural wood members in ancient wooden structures. Based on the results, the quantitative criteria of stress wave transmitted velocity were proposed to evaluate the deterioration of structural member. The proposed criteria were related to the degree of deterioration. In accelerometer stress wave, the criteria of deterioration of wave reciprocal velocity was below 1800 ㎲/m at incipient deterioration (below 12% ratio of deterioration), between 1800 and 2200 ㎲/m at moderate deterioration (12~17%) and above 2200 ㎲/m at severe deterioration (above 17%). The ultrasonic stress wave, the criteria of deterioration were 800 and 950 ㎲/m at below 8% and above 15% of the degree of deterioration respectively.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제14권10호
• /
• pp.119-126
• /
• 1997

The relationship between the applied stresses and the change of elastic wave velocity has been established based on the acoustoelasticity theory. The non-uniform stress field in a loaded specimen has been evaluated from the surface acoustic wave velocity measured by the line-focus acoustic microscopy with the acoustoelastic constants obtained form a calibration test. The evaluated stresses are in good agreement with the results calculated by finite element method.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제22권11호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2006

비고결화된 흙의 전단파 속도는 모세관 현상을 무시할 수 있는 경우 유효응력의 함수로 표현할 수 있다. 그러나 지반에서의 응력상태는 등방성인 경우보다는 이방성인 경우가 대부분이므로 이러한 유효응력은 파가 전파되는 방향과 입자가 움직이는 방향의 두 가지로 나눠진다. 또한, 전단파 속도는 입자 특성에 따라 실험적으로 결정되는 ${\alpha}$계수와 ${\beta}$지수에 영향을 받는데 ${\beta}$지수의 경우 입상 매질(particulate material)의 접촉 특성(입자크기, 입자모양, 입자들의 구조)에 따라 결정되며, ${\alpha}$계수는 패킹(packing)의 형태(즉, 간극률과 coordination number), 입자를 만드는 재료의 특성, 입자간의 접촉 거동, 구조의 변화에 따라서 변화한다. 본 연구에서는 입자구조의 특성이 다른 점토, 모래, mica등의 재료로 압밀시험을 실시하고 벤더 엘리먼트를 통하여 유효응력 방향과 입자 이방성에 따른 전단파 속도를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 둥근 입자로써 입자자체가 등방성인 경우에는 응력이방성에 의하여 전단파 속도의 크기가 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 전단파 속도는 동일한 응력 하에서 입자 배열에 의존하는 것으로 나타났다. 이번 연구는 지반구조물의 설계와 시공 시 전단파 속도와 전단탄성계수는 매우 신중하게 계산되고 사용되어져야 함을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
• /
• pp.777-777
• /
• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1996

This study was performed to investigate the feasibility of using sonic stress-wave technique in the longitudinal direction for the assessment of incipient decay of radiata pine wood. Decayed bending specimens by Tyromyces palustris and Gloeophyllum trabeum for varoious periods were tested nondestructively using stress-wave technique in the longitudinal direction and destructively. Decay detection, quantitative assessment of decay, and the prediction of residual strength of decayed wood with less than five percent weight loss can be feasible using stress-wave parameters (wave velocity, wave impedance, stress-wave elasticity) measured by stress-wave technique in the longitudinal direction and their percent reduction due to decay.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.496-505
• /
• 2000

A semi-infinite parallel crack propagated with constant velocity in two bonded anisotropic strip under anti-plane clamped displacement is analyzed. Using Fourier integral transform a Wiener-Hopf equation is derived. By solving this equation the asymptotic stress and displacement fields near the crack tip are determined, where the results give the more general expression applicable to the extent of the anisotropic material having one plane of elastic symmetry for the parallel crack. The dynamic stress intensity factor and energy release rate are also obtained as a closed form, which are the results applicable to the problem both of dynamic and static crack under the same geometry as this study. The stress intensity factor approaches zero at the critical crack velocity which is less than the shear wave velocity, but in typical case of isotropic or orthotropic material agrees with the velocity of shear wave. Also a circular shear stress around crack tip is considered, from which the stress is shown to be approximately symmetric about the horizontal axis. Referring to the maximum stress criteria, it could be shown that a brenched crack is formed by crack growth as crack velocity increases.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
• /
• pp.442-451
• /
• 2008

The evaluation of field degree of consolidation on soft clays has been an important problem in geotechnical areas. Monitoring either settlements or pore water pressures has been widely applied in the filed, but occasionally they have some problems. This study addresses the suggestion and application of another method for evaluating the degree of consolidation using shear wave velocities. A research site where soft clay layers were consolidated by surcharging loads was chosen. Laboratory tests were performed to determine the relation between shear wave velocity and effective stress. Field seismic tests were conducted several times during the consolidation of the clay layers. The tests results show that the shear wave velocity increased significantly as clays consolidated. The shear wave velocities at each field stress states were derived from the laboratory results and the degree of consolidation was evaluated by comparing the shear wave velocities obtained by laboratory and field seismic methods. In most stress states, the degree of consolidation evaluated using the shear wave velocity matched well with that obtained from field settlement record, showing the potential of applying the method using shear waves in the evaluation of field degree of consolidation on soft clay deposits.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.1557-1564
• /
• 2000

When the half infinite crack in the orthotropic material strip with a large anisotropic ratio(E11>>E22) propagates with constant velocity, dynamic stress component $\sigma$y occurre d along the $\chi$ axis is derived by using the Fourier transformation and Wiener-Hopf technique, and the dynamic stress intensity factor is derived. The dynamic stress intensity factor depends on a crack velocity, mechanical properties and specimen hight. The normalized dynamic stress intensity factors approach the maximum values when normalized time(=Cs/a) is about 2. They have the constant values when the normalized time is greater than or equal to about 2, and decrease with increasing a/h(h: specimen hight, a: crack length) and the normalized crack propagation velocity( = c/Cs, Cs: shear wave velocity, c: crack propagation velocity).