• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.83-91
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• 2020

Environmental conditions are known to impact human health and behavior, emotions such as pleasure, anxiety, and depression, and reduce stress. Interior design that elevates emotional comfort and satisfaction can help improve mental health and well-being. This study is a systematic review that analyzed previous empirical studies that explored the effect of interior design elements on the user's emotional response which is quantitatively evaluated by bio-signal and qualitatively evaluated through self-reported questionnaire surveys. This paper aims to derive the attributes of interior design and biometric indicators that affect the user's positive emotion through the synthesis of previous studies and to confirm the feasibility of measuring bio-signals as an objective evaluation tool for architectural design and as a quantitative research method. As a result of the review, the biometric data from EEG, fMRI, ECG, EMG, GSR, and eye-tracking were used to measure the participants' emotional responses, which were manifested as positive or negative depending on certain attributes of interior design such as the form, color, lighting, material and furniture. The attributes of interior design related to the positive emotional response were the curved shape, high ceiling, openness of space, and subdued tone colors. Standard lighting conditions and wooden spaces were related to stress reduction in terms of comfort and relaxation. The free arrangement of furniture was related to the user's positive emotions. On the other hand, consistent experimental protocols could not be found, and although the sample sizes of the studies were small, the studies have demonstrated the feasibility of the emotional response measurement by using the biometric data. Therefore this method can be a useful objective tool in the measurement of human-centric data in architectural design, and to develop the evidence-based design to induce positive emotions and minimize stress.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.131-141
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• 2024

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common disorders and it shows up to 20% prevalence in reproductive-aged women populations, but no cures are available to date. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of Changbudodam-tang (CBD) on cell death signaling pathways, inflammation, and oxidative stress observed in Bone-Marrow derived human mesenchymal stem cell (BM-hMSC) by means of PCOS therapeutics in the future. Methods: BM-hMSCs were applied with cell deaths and injuries. Apoptosis and pyroptosis signals were quenched with their related signaling pathways using quantitative PCR, Western blot, and fluorescence image analysis. Results: Our data clearly displayed hydrogen peroxide- and nigericin-treated cell death signaling pathways via regulations of mitochondrial integrity and interleukin (IL)-1β at the cellular levels (p < 0.01 or 0.001). We further observed that pre-treatment with CBD showed protective effects against oxidative stress by enhancement of antioxidant components at the cellular level, with respect to both protein and mRNA expression levels (p < 0.05, 0.01 or 0.001). The mechanisms of CBD were examined by Western blot analysis, and it showed anti-cell death, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects via normalizations of the Jun N-terminal kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7/c-Jun signaling pathways. Conclusion: This study confirmed the pharmacological properties of CBD by regulation of cellular oxidation and the inflammation-provoked cell death condition of BM-hMSCs, which is mediated by the MKK7/JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.199-210
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• 2008

Acoustic emission(AE)/Microseimsic(MS) activities are low-energy seismic events associated with a sudden inelastic deformation such as the sudden movement of existing fractures, the generation of new fractures or the propagation of fractures. These events rapidly increase before major failure and happen within a given rock volume and radiate detectable seismic waves. The main difference between AE and MS signals is that the seismic motion frequencies of AE signals are higher than those of MS signals. As the failure of geotechnical structures usually happens as a high velocity and small displacement, it is not easy to determine the precursor and initiation stress level of failure in displacement detection method. To overcome this problem, AE/MS techniques for detection of structure failure and damage have recently adopt in civil engineering. In this study, AE/MS monitoring system, which consist of sensor, data acquisition and operation program, is constructed with domestic technology. To verify and optimize the developed system, we are now carrying out the field application at an underground research laboratory and the developed AE/MS monitoring will be used in detecting of seismic events with various scales.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2003

In this study, the decision of dressing time for diamond wheel was analyzed by observing with acoustic emission signals and surface roughness, and also obtained the machining characteristics by weibull distribution plot for the values of bending strength. From the experimental study, it was possible to predict the time of re-dressing for the diamond grinding wheel with the analysis of acoustic emission signals and surface roughness values, and following conclusions were obtained. The root-mem-square values of acoustic emission signals were obtained low as the increased of table speed for different abrasive grain size. This is caused by the lack of grinding power which is not able to get rid of all real grinding mass of depth as the table speed is increased. The values of bending strength for ground $Si_3 N_4$ specimens were decreased for gain size of #400 than that of #60, but it was found that the surface roughness values for gain size of #60 were better than that of #400. As compared the shape parameter of weibull distribution plot for the values of bending strength, it was found that the reliability of bending strength for grain size of #60 increased than that of #400.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.146-154
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• 2020

Negative emotion causes stress and lack of attention concentration. The classification of negative emotion is important to recognize risk factors. To classify emotion status, various methods such as questionnaires and interview are used and it could be changed by personal thinking. To solve the problem, we acquire multi modal bio-signals such as electrocardiogram (ECG), skin temperature (ST), galvanic skin response (GSR) and extract features. The neural network (NN), the deep neural network (DNN), and the deep belief network (DBN) is designed using the multi modal bio-signals to analyze emotion status. As a result, the DBN based on features extracted from ECG, ST and GSR shows the highest accuracy (93.8%). It is 5.7% higher than compared to the NN and 1.4% higher than compared to the DNN. It shows 12.2% higher accuracy than using only single bio-signal (GSR). The multi modal bio-signal acquisition and the deep learning classifier play an important role to classify emotion.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.34-39
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• 2008

Steam Generator(SG) tubes are classified as one of the key components in nuclear power plants, and they should be periodically examined by the intensified management program for the assurance and diagnosis of their structural integrity. In this study, we use the optimum analysis technique to draw the detection and categorization of bowing(BOW) signals; abnormal tube-to-tube proximity in the SG upper bundle free span area. The locations in which BOW signals are detected likely have latent degradation of ODSCC(Outer Diameter Stress Corrosion Cracking). For the sake of timely and correct detection of BOW signals and diagnosis of ODSCC, we carried out the experimental demonstrations using a reduced mock-up. And we validated the MRPC(Motorized Rotating Pancake Coil) analysis technique is better than the bobbin. Hence, it comes to conclusion that the optimum analysis technique can be a good alternative for the reliable SG tube examination.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.17 no.3 s.52
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• pp.46-51
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• 2003

Acoustic emission (AE) signals, emanated during local failure of aluminum alloys, have been the subject of numerous investigations. It is well known that the characteristics of AE are strongly influenced by the previous thermal and mechanical treatment of the sample. Possible sources of AE during deformation have been suggested as the avalanche motion of dislocations, fracture of brittle particles, and debonding of these particles from the alloy matrix. The goal of the present study is to determine if AE occurring as the result of fatigue crack propagation could be evaluated by the joint time-frequency analysis method, short time Fourier transform (STFT), and Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD). The time-frequency analysis methods can be used to analyze non-stationary AE more effectively than conventional techniques. STFT is more effective than WVD in analyzing AE signals. Noise and frequency characteristics of crack openings and closures could be separated using STFT. The influence of various fatigue parameters on the frequency characteristics of AE signals was investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.305-316
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• 2021

In this study, the effect of wearing functional compression pants is verified using a lower-limb wearable robot through a bio-signal analysis and subjective fit evaluation. First, the compression area to be applied to the functional compression pants is derived using the quad method for nine men in their 20s. Subsequently, functional compression pants are prepared, and changes in Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals when wearing the functional compression and normal regular pants inside a wearable robot are measured. The EEG and ECG signals are measured with eyes closed and open. Results indicate that the Relative alpha (RA) and Relative gamma wave (RG) of the EEG signal differ significantly, resulting in increased stability and reduced anxiety and stress when wearing the functional compression pants. Furthermore, the ECG analysis results indicate statistically significant differences in the Low frequency (LF)/High frequency (HF) index, which reflect the overall balance of the autonomic nervous system and can be interpreted as feeling comfortable and balanced when wearing the functional compression pants. Moreover, subjective sense is discovered to be effective in assessing wear fit, ease of movement, skin friction, and wear comfort when wearing the functional compression pants.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.158-163
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• 2015

Cardiac myocytes are subjected to fluid shear stress during each contraction and relaxation. Under pathological conditions, such as valve disease, heart failure or hypertension, shear stress in cardiac chamber increases due to high blood volume and pressure. The shear stress induces proarrhythmic longitudinal global $Ca^{2+}$ waves in atrial myocytes. In the present study, we further explored underlying cellular mechanism for the shear stress-induced longitudinal global $Ca^{2+}$ wave in isolated rat atrial myocytes. A shear stress of ${\sim}16dyn/cm^2$ was applied onto entire single myocyte using pressurized fluid puffing. Confocal $Ca^{2+}$ imaging was performed to measure local and global $Ca^{2+}$ signals. Shear stress elicited longitudinally propagating global $Ca^{2+}$ wave (${\sim}80{\mu}m/s$). The occurrence of shear stress-induced atrial $Ca^{2+}$ wave was eliminated by the inhibition of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors ($IP_3Rs$). In addition, pretreatment of phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122, but not its inactive analogue U73343, abolished the generation of longitudinal $Ca^{2+}$ wave under shear stress. Our data suggest that shear-induced longitudinal $Ca^{2+}$ wave may be induced by $Ca^{2+}$-induced $Ca^{2+}$ release through the RyRs which is triggered by $PLC-IP_3R$ signaling in atrial myocytes.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to test the estimation possibility of driver's stress degrees with the HRV analysis. For this, first, HRV analysis was applied to the 5 driver's ECG signals which were acquired in 7 different stress situations. From this, the facts that HRV trend was different from that in long-distance driving and 6 parameters - meanRR, sdRR, HF, LF/HF, LFnorm, HFnorm were useful for the stress estimation in stress varying driving situation. Next, we designed 5 personalized linear regression models in which 6 HRV parameters were input and the outcomes were 7 different stress degrees. Finally, we tested each model for 5min-long 16 segments individually. Consequently, the models could not hit the stress degrees exactly in some segments but the correlation coefficients between original stress pattern and estimated stress pattern during entire driving showed reasonably high.