• 정신신체의학
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2020

연구목적 본 연구는 외상후 스트레스장애(Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD)를 비롯한 정신질환자의 기질과 성격의 변화 양상을 확인하고 한다 방 법 PTSD 환자 33명과 비PTSD 환자 69명을 대상으로 Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI)를 1, 2차에 걸쳐 측정하였고, 그 결과값에 대해 반복측정 ANOVA와 단순 주효과분석을 시행하였다. 결 과 비PTSD 집단에서는 1차와 2차 검사 결과의 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 반면, PTSD 집단에서는 위험회피, 사회적 민감성, 자율성, 연대감에서 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 또한 위험회피, 사회적 민감성, 자율성, 연대감에서 시간과 그룹 간의 상호작용과 시간에 따른 주효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 결 론 본 연구는 외상적 사건이 자율성, 연대감과 같은 성격적 특성은 물론, 위험회피와 사회적 민감성과 같은 기질적 특성의 변화에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 확인하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 분석과학
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.98-113
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• 2024

The current investigation entails the characterization of five degradation products (DPs) formed under different stress conditions of loteprednol using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In addition, this study developed a stable high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for evaluating loteprednol along with impurities. The method conditions were meticulously fine-tuned which involved the exploration of the appropriate solvent, pH, flow of the mobile phase, columns, and wavelength. The method conditions were carefully chosen to successfully resolve the impurities of loteprednol and were employed in subsequent validation procedures. The stability profile of loteprednol was exposed to stress degradation experiments conducted under five conditions, and DPs were structurally characterized by employing LC-MS/MS. The chromatographic resolution of loteprednol and its impurities along with DPs was effectively achieved using a Phenomenex Luna 250 mm C18 column using 0.1 % phosphoric acid, methanol, and acetonitrile in 45:25:30 (v/v) pumped isocratically at 0.8 mL/min with 243 nm wavelength. The method produces an accurate fit calibration curve in 50-300 ㎍/mL for loteprednol and LOQ (0.05 ㎍/mL) - 0.30 ㎍/mL for its impurities with acceptable precision, accuracy, and recovery. The stress-induced degradation study revealed the degradation of loteprednol under basic, acidic, and photolytic conditions, resulting in the formation of seven distinct DPs. The efficacy of this method was validated through LC-MS/MS, which allowed for the verification of the chemical structures of the newly generated DPs of loteprednol. This method was appropriate for assessing the impurities of loteprednol and can also be appropriate for structural and quantitative assessment of its degradation products.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.63-78
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• 2015

Objectives: Pinelliae Rhizoma has traditionally been used as an anti-depressant in oriental medicine. This study is to investigate the effect of Pinelliae Rhizoma extract (PRe) on psychological stress in genome wild expression of mice. Methods: After giving physical stress to mice, PRe was orally administered with 100 mg/kg/day for five days. After extracting whole brain tissue from the mice, their genome changes were observed by micorarray analysis method. The genome changes were analyzed by IMAGENE 4.0, TREEVIEW, FatiGo algorithems, BOND database, cytoscape program, etc. Results: 1. PRe administered group were remained at normal level; 60% of increase was shown in expressed genes by physical stress, and 65% of decrease was shown in expressed genes by psychological stress. 2. Genes with increased expression in control group that remained at a normal state in PRe administered group were involved with the gene of a cellular metabolic process on biological process, protein binding on molecular function, and cell part on cell composition. The pathway was found to be cytokin-cytokin receptor interaction. 3. Genes with decreased expression in control group that remained at a normal state in PRe administered group were involved with the gene of a cellular metabolic process on biologiacl detail and coupled ATPaes activity on molecular function. This gene related path was Ubiquintin mediated proteolysis etc. 4. Core node genes analyzed by protein interaction network were Vinculin, Cell sdivision cycle 42 homolog (S. cerevisiae) etc. They played an important role in maintaining cytoskeleton and controlling cell cycle. Conclusions: Several genes were up-regulated and down-regulated in response to psychological stress. The expression of most of the genes that were altered in response to psychological stress was restored to normal levels in PRe treated mice. When the interaction network information was analyzed, the recovery of the core node genes in PRe treated mice indicates that this final set of genes may be the effective target of PRe.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 산재환자에게 나타나는 외상후 스트레스가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향과 이들의 관계에 있어 회복탄력성의 효과를 확인하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구는 2개 광역지역에 소재한 산재병원, 종합병원 및 준 종합병원에 입원중이거나 통원하고 있는 158명의 산재환자를 대상으로 이루어졌다. 자료수집은 2017년 7월 1일부터 9월30일까지 자기보고식 설문지로 이루어졌다. 자료는 SPSS 21.0을 이용하여, 기술통계, 상관분석, 위계적 회귀분석, Sobel test로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 연구대상자의 외상후 스트레스와 삶의 질, 회복탄력성은 음의 상관관계를, 삶의 질과 회복탄력성은 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 외상후 스트레스가 삶의 질에 대한 영향에서 회복탄력성의 효과를 규명하기위해 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 외상후 스트레스와 삶의 질의 관계에서 회복탄력성은 부분 매개효과가 있었으나 조절효과는 없었다. 외상후 스트레스와 회복탄력성은 삶의 질에 45%의 설명력을 보여주었으며 이 중 외상후 스트레스는 삶의 질에 23%의 직접효과가 있었고 회복탄력성을 매개로 하여 22%의 간접효과가 있었다. 이상의 결과에 비추어 볼 때 외상후 스트레스와 회복탄력성은 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 주요한 심리적 변수임을 알 수 있다. 따라서 산재환자의 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위해서는 이들의 외상후 스트레스를 줄여줄 뿐만 아니라 회복탄력성을 증가 시켜주는 중재가 필요할 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to affect health improvement of adolescent, to understand behavioral causes follow adolescent's drug abuse, to understand recovery and rehabilitaton process of adolescent drug abuser. The data are collected through open questionnaire and interview of 25 adolescents from the experienced drug abuse 16 students(male 8, female 8) in two vocational high schools and admissing adolescents 9 person in Alcohol-Drug Addiction Care Centre in Seoul from June 28th to August 31st, 1994. The collected data are arranged and explained through categorizing method stated contents about motives, causes, experiences and effected behaviors for using the drugs of drug abuser adolescents. DRUG USING MOTIVATION They are almost first son and daughter in their family. In their conversation person, male converses to their mother well, but female does not converse to their parents include family. Both groups respond positively to companionship and attitude to other, but negatively to self-confidence and actualizing attitude. They hope always peace of family and want to do their best for their life. In school group, hard and difficult things are school life and family problems, also using the drugs for resolving the them. About drug using behaviors, male responds to bad habbit and shamfull, but female is unconcerned with drug using attitude. The first background of drug using, male gets to use because of curiosity and to be induced from friends or seniors, but female gets to use for feminine beauty(thin body) and escape from reality. Used the drugs, male uses frequently Bond, Butane-Gas among inhalation materials and also marijuana, but female uses various diuretics. The times of drug using, both groups repond to use during the chaging of emotion or filling with stress. The place of drug using, both groups take drugs in vacant houses or in the mountain. The frequency of drug using, they use almost once in a day and they use mostly alone or drug user in friends. Experienced mental changing after drug using, which is fantasy, ecstasy, anxiety and suicidal feeling, and experienced physical changing after drug using, which is elevating sense, headach, abdominal pain, dyspnea and chaging of skin colour and reddish. They coincide with inconvenience feeling due to drug using. RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION PROCESS OF DRUG USING ADOLESCENTS The reason for reforming drug using behavior and attitude, both groups respond to reforming for oneself and social life. The difficult things during the stop to using drugs, all of them responed to family problems, friends problems and temptation and impulse. As for stop to using drug, they need good advise, understandable attitude and family love. But they do not need to be stigmatized, scolding, over protect and ridicule of friends. Also they entreat continuous understanding, advise, concern and the method for resolving stress. For the friends to want to use the drug, they will talk about the stories of their personal experiences and for the friends to stop to using the drug, they will consider for them how to stop. From the theses results, drug users understand personal problems due to drug using, and consider about why to stop and how to stop. Also drug users need to resolve the family problems, personal problems, stress and temptations or impulses. Accordingly this paper suggests that drug users in adolescents need understandable and acceptable atitudes, loving and tenderness, continuous advice and concern, and hopes for life.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.776-780
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• 1998

배경: 심각한 국소적 심실 운동장애를 동반한 관상동맥질환 환자에서 관상동맥 우회로술을 계획할 때 수술 후 심실 운동장애가 동반된 부위의 운동회복 가능성 여부가 심실 운동장애를 일으킨 관상동맥에 혈관이식 여부를 결정하는 중요한 요소가 된다. 수술 후 회복될 수 있는 동면심근을 알아보기 위한 방법으로 Stress Thallium-201 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography가 있으며, 최근에 들어 Positron Emission Tomography 및 도부타민 심초음파 등이 이용되고 있다. 저자들은 검사방법이 비교적 간단하고 빠르며, 경제적으로도 비교적 저렴한 도부타민 심초음파를 이용하여 이를 예측할 수 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 연구방법은 1995년 10월부터 1997년 5월까지 연세대학교 심장혈관센터에서 관상동맥 우회로 술을 시행받았던 환자중 심각한 국소적 심실벽 운동장애의 수술 후 회복여부를 도부타민 심초음파로 예측하였던 16명의 환자를 대상으로 하였으며, 1개월이내의 급성심근경색증을 가진 환자는 제외하였다. 결과: 16명 모두 남자였으며, 연령은 42세에서 73세 사이로 평균 58.4$\pm$9.5세 였다. 수술전 심근경색증의 기왕력이 12례에서 있었고, 좌심실박출계수는 19%에서 55% 사이로 평균 41.8$\pm$11.1%였다. 수술시 사용한 이식편수는 평균 3.2$\pm$0.8개였다. 도부타민 심초음파(baseline, 5, 10, 20 g/kg/min) 는 수술전 1일에서 33일 사이에 시행하고 (평균 13$\pm$10.5일), 수술 후 2개월에서 21개월 사이에(평균 9.6$\pm$5.9 개월) 추적 심초음파를 시행하여 심실운동의 변화를 관찰하였다. 좌심실을 16개 분절로 나누어 각각의 분절에 대하여 semiquantitative scoring system(1: normal , 2: mild to moderate hypokinesia, 3: severe hypokinesia, 4: akinesia, 5: dyskinesia) 으로 분석하였으며, 심실운동의 호전은 2개 이상의 인접한 분절에서 동시에 wall motion score 1 이상의 호전이 관찰되는 경우로 정의하 였다. 결과를 보면 수술전 도부타민 심초음파에서 국소적 심실운동의 호전을 보인 환자는 8명이었으며, 이중 추적 심초음파에서 6명이 심실운동의 회복을 보였고 수술전 도부타민 심초음파에서 심실운동의 호전을 보이지 않았던 환자 8명중 3명에서 추적 심초음파에서 심실운동의 회복을 보였다. 안정시 severe hypokinesia, akinesia, dyskinesia 의 심실운동을 보이는 분절은 총 84개였으며 수술전 도부타민 심초음파에서 호전되었던 31개 분절중 23개 분절에서, 호전 되지 않았던 53개 분절중 12개 분절에서 추적 심초음파에서 회복됨을 관찰하여 관상동맥우회로술 후 심실운동 회복의 예측에 있어 도부타민 심초음파의 민감도는 66%, 특이도는 84% 였으며, positive predictive value는 74%, negative predictive value는 77%였다. 결론: 결론적으로 수술전 도부타민 심초음파는 관상동맥우회로술 후 동면심근의 기능회복에 대한 예측에 도움이 되리라 생각된다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1190-1199
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• 2015

This paper presents a new resonant converter to achieve the soft switching of power devices. Two full-bridge converters are connected in series to clamp the voltage stress of power switches at V_in/2. Thus, power MOSFETs with a 500V voltage rating can be used for 800V input voltage applications. Two flying capacitors are connected on the AC side of the two full-bridge converters to automatically balance the two split input capacitor voltages in every switching cycle. Two resonant tanks are used in the proposed converter to share the load current and to reduce the current stress of the passive and active components. If the switching frequency is less than the series resonant frequency of the resonant tanks, the power MOSFETs can be turned on under zero voltage switching, and the rectifier diodes can be turned off under zero current switching. The switching losses on the power MOSFETs are reduced and the reverse recovery loss is improved. Experiments with a 1.5kW prototype are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed converter.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.619-624
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• 2009

Titanium alloys have been attractive due to a high ratio of strength to weight as well as good corrosion resistance. However, strengthening causes a decrease in ductility in Ti alloys, as is usual in other alloys. For enhanced strength without ductility reduction, grain refinement and tensile properties were investigated as functions of thickness reduction of cold rolling and annealing condition in Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al alloy with a ${\beta}$ single phase. The average grain size of the specimen, which was cold-rolled by 90% and annealed at 700$^{\circ}C$ for 5 min, was decreased to approximately 19 ${\mu}m$. The grain refinement of 63 μm to 19 ${\mu}m$ increased yield stress by 90 MPa without a significant decrease in total elongation. The Ti-15-3 alloy exhibited very low work hardening during tensile test at a crosshead speed of 2 mm/min. This result was discussed based on dynamic recovery associated with dislocation annihilation in grain boundaries.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors on health behavior among patients with coronary artery disease. Method: The subjects were 95 patients who visited the out-patient department of a university hospital for follow-up. The four health belief concepts (motivation, benefit, barrier, seriousness), general self-efficacy, health behaviors on medication, diet, exercise, stress management, smoking, and drinking were measured. Result: There were significant differences in the health behavior scores of subjects according to family support and the experience of surgical procedure. Subjects were found to have a high degree of compliance in taking medication. However subjects reported the lowest degree of compliance in regular exercise. In the multiple regression analysis, surgical procedure and motivation were significant predictors to explain diet. Motivation and barrier were significant predictors to explain exercise. Self-efficacy, motivation and family support were significant predictors to explain stress management. Family support and seriousness explained 16% of variance in drinking. Also, family support explained 30% of variance in smoking. Conclusion: Since predicting factors on each health behavior indicator were different, then nurses should consider these differences to construct strategy enhancing patient's recovery.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.115-118
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• 2006

Among the sympathetic blocks used to treat various symptoms and diseases, including sympathetic dysfunction in pain clinics, a stellate ganglion block (SGB) is one of the easiest to apply. However, it is difficult to evaluate the effects of SGB due to the subjective nature of patient-reported data. A 26-year-old female, who presented with symptoms of coldness and sweating on both hands, received SGB 25 times on each side over a 2-month period. The effects of SGB were followed up using a cold stress test with thermography. Although the symptoms appeared again after 6 months, the recovery rate of the palmar temperature after the cold stress test improved significantly and was maintained for 18 months.