• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.199-202
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• 2006

The hardening and anisotropy based on the crystal plasticity is considered in the numerical simulation of hemispherical sheet forming process to find more realistic simulation results For calculating the yield shear stresses of each crystal, Taylor's model of the crystalline aggregate is employed. The yield stress of crystalline aggregate is computed by averaging the yield stresses of the crystal. The hardening is evaluated by using the Taylor factor and the critical resolved shear stress of the crystal. In addition, by observing the crystallographic texture and slip system, the anisotropy of the sheet is traced during the forming process. The anisotropy and hardening behaviors of the sheet found by the crystal plasticity are described better than those of obtained from the Hill's quadratic criterion based on the continuum plasticity.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.58-61
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• 1998

Anisotropy is closely related to the formability of sheet metal and should be considered carefully for more realistic analysis of actual sheet metal forming operations. In order to better describe anisotropic plastic properties of aluminum alloy sheets, a planar anisotropic yield function which accounts for the anisotropy of uniaxial yield stresses and strain rate ratios simultaneously was proposed recently[1]. This yield function was used in the finite element simulations of cup drawing tests for an aluminum alloy 2008-T4. Isotropic hardening with a fixed initial back stress based on experimental tensile and compressive test results was assumed in the simulation. The computation results were in very good agreement with the experimental results. It was shown that the initial back stress as well as the yield surface shape have a large influence on the prediction of the cup height profile.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1997년도 Lecture Notes by Two Distinguished Scholars
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• pp.1.2-22
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• 1997

Anisotropic behaviour in soils and soft rocks may be either fabric of stress related ultra in practice is invariably a combination of both. Theoretical studies in the paper include tile iMluence oil untrained strength of assuming both the critical state and Mo21r-Coulomb concepts to hold, and the influence of elastic anisotropy oil predicted undrained effective stress paths. The predictions stemming from these theoretical concepts are examined in the light of evidence from triaxial compression and extension tests oil laboratory prepared, compacted and natural clays and from triaxial compression tests on clay shales. The experimental studies also show the Buence of sample orientation on untrained snear strength, as wen as the iIBluence of anisotropy old the effective stress angle cishearing resistance and of stress patn on measured stiffness.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.237-247
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• 2002

암반의 이방성이 초기응력 측정결과에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 현지암반의 응력 상태를 실험실에서 이축상태로 재현하여 초기응력 측정을 실시하였다. 이축가압장치는 플랫잭(flat jack)을 이용하여 제작하였으며, 등방성과 이방성 암석, 모르타르 및 인공이방성 암석 등 4 종류의 시료에 대하여 총 18회의 초기응력 측정을 실시하였다. 초기응력 측정 결과 이방성을 고려한 경우가 고려하지 않은 경우에 비해 최고 34%의 차이가 발생함으로써 이방성을 고려한 초기응력 측정이 필요함을 확인하였다. 또한 3차원 유한차분해석 프로그램인 FLAC 3D를 이용하여 오버코어링에 따른 응력개방곡선의 적합성에 대한 분석을 실시하여 실험실 모형실험의 결과가 수치해석에 의한 결과와 유사함을 확인하였다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.574-580
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• 2006

Anisotropy has an important effect on the strain distribution in aluminum alloy sheet forming, and it is closely related to the thinning and formability of sheet metals. Thus, the anisotropy of the material should be properly considered for the realistic analyses of aluminum sheet forming processes. For this, anisotropy can be approached in two different scales: phenomenological and microstructural (polycrystal) models. Recent anisotropic models (Yld2000-2d; Barlat et al.[1] 2003, Cuitino et al.[2] 1992) were employed in this work. For the simulation using shell element, the method which can impose plane stress condition in the polycrystal model is developed. Lankford values and yield stress ratios are calculated along various directions. As planar anisotropic behavior, a circular cup deep drawing simulation was carried out to compare the phenomenological and microstructure models in terms of earing profile.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.124-132
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• 1993

In order to examine the effect of anisotropy and stress ratio on fatigue crack propagation rate and opening-closing behavior and also arrest behavior by single tension peak overload, the fatigue tests of constant amplitude atress and single tension peak overload adding to cycle of constant amplitude were carried out in stress ratio of -0.4, -0.2, and 0.4 with materials of T-L and L-T directions in 2024-T3 aluminum alloy plate. Crack opening-closing begavior were measured by the compliance method using COD gage and strain gage. In case of the crack opening-closing behavior was measured by strain gage, the effect of stress ratio is unchangeable. But in the case of COD gage, that is remarkably decreased. Fictitious effective stress intensity factor(U sub(f)) and effective stress intensity factor ratio(U) in L-T direction was higher than those in T-L direction and also threshold arrest overload ratio incrased as stress ratio decreased and that of T-L direction was higher than that in L-T direction.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.234-238
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• 2007

Magnesium alloy sheets in room temperature have unusual mechanical properties such as high in-plane anisotropy/asymmetry of yield stress and hardening behavior. In this paper, the continuum plasticity models considering the plastic behavior of AZ31B Mg alloy sheet were derived. A new hardening law based on modified two-surface model was developed to consider the general stress-strain response of metals including Bauschinger effect, transient behavior and the unusual asymmetry. Three deformation modes observed during the continuous tension/compression tests were mathematically formulated with simplified relations between the state of deformation and their histories. To include the anisotropy and asymmetry of the initial yield stress, the Drucker-Prager's pressure dependent yield surface was modified by adding anisotropic constants.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.298-301
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• 2007

Magnesium alloy sheets have unique mechanical properties such as high in-plane anisotropy/asymmetry of yield stress and hardening response. The unusual mechanical behavior of magnesium alloys has been understood by the limited symmetry crystal structure of HCP metals or by deformation twinning. In the present study, the continuum plasticity models considering the unusual plastic behavior of magnesium alloy sheet were derived for a finite element analysis. A new hardening law based on two-surface model was developed to consider the general stress-strain response of metal sheets such as Bauschinger effect, transient behavior and the unusual asymmetry. Three deformation modes observed during the continuous tension/compression tests were mathematically formulated with simplified relations between the state of deformation and their histories. In terms of the anisotropy and asymmetry of the initial yield stress, the Drucker-Prager's pressure dependent yield surface was modified to include the anisotropy of magnesium alloys.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2016

This paper is concerned with modeling of a ductile fracture criterion for sheet metal considering anisotropy to predict the sudden fracture of advanced high strength steel (AHSS) sheets during complicated forming processes. The Lou−Huh ductile fracture criterion is modified using the Hill’s 48 anisotropic plastic potential instead of the von Mises isotropic plastic potential to take account of the influence of anisotropy on the equivalent plastic strain at the onset of fracture. To determine the coefficients of the model proposed, a two dimensional digital image correlation (2D-DIC) method is utilized to measure the strain histories on the surface of three different types of specimens during deformation. For the derivation of an anisotropic ductile fracture model, principal stresses (𝜎₁,𝜎₂, 𝜎₃) are expressed in terms of the stress triaxiality, the Lode parameter, and the equivalent stress (𝜂_𝐻, 𝐿,) based on the Hill’s 48 anisotropic plastic potential. The proposed anisotropic ductile fracture criterion was quantitatively evaluated according to various directions of the maximum principal stress. Fracture forming limit diagrams were also constructed to evaluate the forming limit in sheet metal forming of AHSS sheets over a wide range of loading conditions.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.193-197
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• 2003

우수한 연자성 특성과 자왜 특성을 동시에 나타내는 철계 아몰퍼스 박막을 이용한 고기능성 센서나 신호처리소자와 같은 자기탄성 디바이스를 구현하기 위해서는 자기이방성의 제어가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 철계 아몰퍼스 박막의 자기이방성을 제어하기 위해서 바이어스 응력을 이용한 자기이방성제어 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법은 박막의 기판을 굴곡시킨 상태에서 열처리를 실시하여 박막의 응력을 해소하고, 열처리 후 박막기판의 형상을 원상으로 복귀시켜서 박막에 바이어스 응력이 인가되도록 하고, 이 응력에 의해서 박막의 자기이방성이 제어되도록 하는 것이다. 응력을 이용하여 자기이방성을 제어한 박막패턴을 자구의 관찰과 자화곡선의 평가를 고찰한 결과, 제안한 자기이방성 제어방법이 유용함을 알 수 있었다.