• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.97-101
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• 1994

Platelets play a very important role in nomal hemostasis and their functions are more enhanced in various pathogenic states than in normal state. Especially it has been postulated that abnormal platelet and endothelium function might be major factors of microcirculatory disturbance in diabetes mellitus. Hydroxybrazilin, a phenolic constituent of Hematoxylon campechianum has been examined for its inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. Its antiaggregatory effect might be mediated through the decrease of ATP release from dense granule and those of thromboxane $A_2$ production in normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The present study was undertaken to gain insight into the mechanism that hydroxybrazilin inhibited thromboxane $A_2$ production in platelets. Thus we measured the effect of hydroxybrazilin on phospholipase $A_2$, a rate limiting step of thromboxane $A_2$ production, in normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Hydroxybrazilin significantly inhibited the platelet phospholipase $A_2$ activity in normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.408-414
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the anti-hyperglycemia effects of the Triticum aestivum wheat sprout (TAWS) water extracts in the diabetic mice. Diabetic experimental model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin into male Balb/c mice. Mice were divided into five groups: normal (CON), diabetic control (DM), and three experimental groups (DM-100, diabetes with TAWS extracts 100mg/kg; DM-50, diabetes with TAWS extracts 50 mg/kg; DM-25, diabetes with TAWS extracts 25 mg/kg). TAWS extracts were administered orally in diabetic mice. Body weight, food intake, and blood glucose levels were recorded for 12 days and blood insulin levels were measured at the day 12. Oral administration of TAWS extracts reduced slightly food intake and induced a little body weight gain in DM-100 groups. The blood level of glucose was decreased in the dose-dependent manner; 55% in the DM-100 group and 39.7% in the DM-50 group. The blood level of insulin also was improved 10 folds in the DM-100 group and 3.6 folds in the DM-50 group compared to the DM group. The contents of total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids in 1 g dry mass of TAWS extracts were 6.6 mg of tannic acid equivalents and 1.0 mg of 8-hydroquinolline equivalents, respectively. In addition, the antioxidant and DPPH radical scavenging activity of TAWS extracts were 1.2 mM and 1.8 mM ascorbic acid equivalents, respectively. These results suggest that TAWS water extracts could contribute to attenuate clinical symptoms of diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.619-625
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• 2001

Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-245g by injection of streptozotocin(STZ) into the tail vein at a dose of 45mg/kg and were divided into seven groups ; normal, diabetic control, and five experimental groups(fractions of hexane, chloroform(CHCl$_3$), ethylacetate(EtOAc), butanol(BuOH) and water($H_2O$)). The rats of all groups were fed on AIN-93 diet and the five experimental groups were orally administered each fraction for 14 days. The body weight and diet intake were monitored daily. The plasma levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, free fatty acid and aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities were analyzed. Diabetic rats showed the lower weight gain compared to the normal rats. The plasma glucose levels of the CHCl$_3$, and $H_2O$ fraction groups were significantly lower than the other experimental groups. The plasma insulin level of the CHCl$_3$ fraction group was much higher than that of diabetic control group. The plasma cholesterol levels were increased in all the experimental groups. The groups of hexane, BuOH and H2() fractions showed the lower plasma triglyceride levels compared to diabetic control group. The plasma free fatty acid levels were not significantly different in all groups. HDL-cholesterol levels were definitely higher in hexane, CHCl$_3$ and EtOAc fraction groups than that of diabetic control group. In conclusion, administration of CHCl$_3$ and $H_2O$ fractions of methanol extract of Alisma canaliculatum exhibited hypoglycemic effects in STZ induced diabetic rats, showing the possibility of therapeutic use of Alisma canaliculatum to the diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.75-93
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• 2006

Rhus verniciflua Stokes(RVS) has been widely used as a food and traditional herbal medicine in Korea. RVS has been reported that the extract from its wood and fruit has strong antioxidant activity and anticancer effect but there is little information on Lacca Sinica Exsiccata(LSE), the resin of RVS, as a medicinal use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of ethanol-eluted extract of LSE on streptozotocin(STZ) - induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with STZ injection. Oral administration of LSE extract(50mg or 100mg/kg of body weight/day) was given to diabetic group. During 4 weeks of experiment, diabetic rats showed significant weight loss and decreasing feed efficiency ratios(FER) compared with normal rats, while the diabetic group orally fed with LSE extract showed a trend of decreasing weight loss and a significant increase of FER(p<0.05). In 4 weeks after induction of diabetes, diabetic rats showed an increase in weight of liver, kidney and heart, whereas the diabetic rats administered with LSE extract showed a reduction in the weight of heart. Blood glucose level was decreased in diabetic rats treated with LSE extract, but it was not statistically significant. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, Glutamic pyruvate transaminase and total cholesterol levels were lower in the diabetic group treated with LSE extract than in untreated diabetic group, but not significant. These results present that LSE may partly have antidiabetic effect and may protect against the development of diabetic heart complications resulting from impaired glucose metabolism.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 1990

The effects of insulin and exercise on glucose uptake of skeletal muscle were investigated in soleus muscle isolated from low dose streptozotocin induced diabetic rats in vitro. Glucose uptake was assessed by measuring $^3H$-methylglucose uptake in vitro. Basal glucose uptake in diabetes was reduced by approximately one-third of the control value($5.6{\pm}0.73{\mu}Mol$/g/20min. in diabetes versus $8.4{\pm}0.77$ in control, P<0.01). There was also a significant decrease(P<0.01) in glucose uptake of diabetes at physiologic insulin concentration ($200{\mu}IU$/ml) by 40% ($6.1{\pm}1.20$ versus $10.0{\pm}0.81$). Furthermore, maximal insulin($20000{\mu}IU$/ml)-stimulated glucose uptake was 36% lower in diabetes as compared with control($7.3{\pm}1.29$ versus $11.4{\pm}1.29$, P<0.01). In contrast, exercise(1.0km/hr, treadmill running for 45min.) effect on glucose uptake was so dramatic in diabetes that glucose uptake at basal state was 8.4+1.09 and insulin stimulated-glucose uptake were $10.2{\pm}1.47$ and $11.9{\pm}1.64$, in 200 and $20000{\mu}IU$/ml added insulin, respectively. These results suggest that insulin insensitivity develops in skeletal muscle after 2 weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes, but these insensitivity was recovered significantly by single session of running exercise.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.245-251
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• 2004

Exercise is beneficial to the diabetic patients and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat has been used for the study of exercise effect. The purpose of this study was to establish the optimal condition of induction of hyperglycemic diabetic rat using streptozotocin and to examine the preventive effect of treadmill exercise on the diabetic rat before and after streptozotocin injection. Intraperitoneal injection of increasing amount of streptozotocin up to 40 mg/kg dose-responsively induce hyperglycemic diabetic rat and inversely reduced the blood insulin level. Body weight was also gradually reduced with the increasing amount of streptozotocin. Control and diabetic rats exercised for 4 weeks before streptozotocin injection. The exercise was performed in the treadmill for 25 minutes a day and 5 times a week with low intensity (0 degree tilt, 15 m/min velocity). Following streptozotocin injection, the blood glucose level was measured every week and the rat was sacrificed after 4 weeks to measure the concentration of insulin and blood lipids. The blood levels of glucose and insulin was significantly reduced with exercise before streptozotocin injection, while those were not changed after streptozotocin injection. The levels of blood lipids such as total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride were close to normal control rats. From this study, researchers found the optimal condition of preparation of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic diabetic rat, and the mild treadmill exercise has beneficial effect on preventing hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Thus, even low intensive running prevent not only diabetes but also diabetic vascular complications.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.489-496
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetes on insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), and IGF-I carrier proteins in serum, liver, and kidney. The levels of total and free IGF-I were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The patterns of IGFBPs were determined by western ligand blotting (WLB) analysis. The profiles of IGF-I carrier proteins in serum were determined by column chromatography. The levels of total and free IGF-I in serum were lower in STZ-induced diabetic rat than normal rat (p<0.01). Similarly, the levels of total IGF-I in liver was lowered in STZ-induced diabetic rats. On the other hand, the levels of total IGF-I in kidney were increased in STZ-induced diabetic rats compared with normal rats (p<0.01). In serum and liver from STZ-induced diabetic rats, the amount of IGFBP-3 was decreased and the amount of IGFBP-2 was increased compared with normal rats. There was a not difference in amount of IGFBP-4 in serum between STZ-induced diabetic rats and normal rats. The serums of normal rats have higher 150kDa carrier proteins than in STZ-induced diabetic rats, whereas, most of 50kDa carrier proteins were found in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These results demonstrate that in STZ-induced diabetic rats, IGF-I/IGFBPs system that included functional bioactivity was changed in serum as well as tissues, and these changes may play an important role in pathogenesis of diabetes.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1569-1576
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• 2010

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is widely used in Indonesia and other countries as a traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). The MeOH extract of white skinned sweet potatoes (WSSP) was administered orally in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single dose of STZ (45 mg/kg, i.p.) injection. Oxidative stress was measured by tissue lipid peroxide (LPO) levels, serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), total triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and by antioxidative enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase in the liver. An increase in blood glucose, LPO level, AST, ALT, TG and TC levels was observed in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Administration of MeOH extract of WSSP at a dose of 200 mg/kg for two weeks caused a significant reduction in blood glucose, LPO levels, AST, ALT, TG and TC levels in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, oral administration of MeOH extract showed significant improvement in the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, and CAT) compared to STZ-induced diabetic rats. In conclusion, the obtained results clearly indicate the role of oxidative stress in the induction of diabetes, and that the protective effects of MeOH extracts of WSSP could be used to benefit diabetic patients.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.199-206
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• 2010

To evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of nano powder propolis, streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats were divided into 2 groups : diabetic control group and nano powder propolis (0.9ml) group. Then the rats were fed with nano-powder-propolis for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, oral glucose tolerance test (oral GTT) was performed and blood sugar levels after 16 hours fasting, body weights, and blood lipid levels were measured. Finally, pancreas were collected and examined by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, the nano-powder-propolis was effective in the treatment of diabetes due to the reduction of blood sugar level and the regeneration of damaged ${\beta}$-cells observed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.631-649
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• 2010

Objective : The object of this study was to observe the effects of aqueous extracts of Chunglijagam-tang(CLJGT), which has traditionally been used in Korean medicine for treating various diseases, on streptozotocin(STZ)-induced rat diabetes and related complications: diabetic nephropathy, hepatopathy and hyperlipemia. Methods : CLJGT extracts were orally administered once a day for 28 days at a dosage 50, 100 and 200mg/kg from 21 days after STZ treatment, and the changes on body weights, blood glucose levels, kidney and liver weights, serum BUN(blood urea nitrogen), creatinine, AST(aspartate transaminase), ALT(alanine aminotransferase), HDL(high-density lipoprotein), LDL (low-density lipoprotein), total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were observed with pancreatic malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione(GSH) contents. The results were compared with silymarin 100mg/kg. Results : Significant decrease of blood glucose levels, kidney and liver weights, serum BUN, creatinine, AST, ALT, LDL, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, pancreatic malondialdehyde contents and significant increase of body weights, serum HDL levels, pancreatic glutathione contents were detected in CLJGT extracts 50, 100 and 200mg/kg administered groups as compared to the STZ control group. Conclusion : CLJGT extracts showed favorable effects on the STZ-induced diabetes and related complications mediated by their antioxidant effects as similar to silymarin. Therefore, it is expected that DBEH has potential for use in the management of diabetes and various diabetic complications.