• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.83-91
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• 2020

Purpose : To identify changes and relationships in the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene polymorphism, body composition, and physical fitness from childhood to adolescence over a three-year period spanning elementary school to middle school (2015-2018) Methods : A total of 84 male student participants were divided into two groups based on FTO genotype: aa+at (group A) and tt (group T) and tracked down. Body composition, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, muscle strength, power, and other characteristics were measured in the two groups in both 2015 and 2018, respectively, and the changes over the three-year period were analyzed and compared. Results : Increases in height and weight did not differ significantly between the two groups, but body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in group A (p=.035). With regard to physical fitness, there was no significant difference in flexibility, but cardiovascular endurance, strength, and power were significantly higher in group T (p<.001, p=.063, and p=.040, respectively). Conclusion : Group A is more likely to become obese than group T because of their lower level of physical fitness and increased BMI relative to group T. This result supports previous studies showing that group A has a relatively low level of physical activity and a greater tendency to eat fatty foods as compared with group T. Therefore, we suggest that the FTO gene polymorphism should be identified early and that students educated on diet and physical activity to help prevent adult obesity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.549-555
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• 1989

The effect of high temperature aging on the meat tenderness improvement was studied, and also the effect of salt, pyrophosphate and succinic anhydride on binding characteristics of restructed beef were compared. At high temperature aging, shear force value decreased and myofibrillar fragmentation index increased as the aging progressed. From the electronic microscopic observation, the morphological change of myofibril appeared much faster when the meat was aged at high temperature. Added salt increased TBA values and rupture strength while reducing cooking loss. Increase in pyrophosphate decreased rooking loss and Increased rupture strength and TBA value. When salt and pyrophosphate were combined, the effects were somewhat additive. Added succinic anhydride increased cooking loss and hardness and decreased color rating, acceptability rating and adhesiveness, but cohessiveness was not significantly different from control group containing salt and pyrophosphate. The results suggest that high temperature aging have greater improving effect of meat tenderness of Korean native male cattle compared to low temperature aging and addition of succinic ahydride in combination with salt and pyrophosphate reduce binding ability of restructured beef.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.306-313
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• 2012

We have published a paper which is on stress and dietary life for college students considering weight, height, BMI by the sex of them. It was on obesity index, stress durability and stress strength, meal intake by stress, stress reduction and stress relief for the sample students. In this paper, we monitored taste changing of their favorite food under stresses, feeling after food intake for stress relief, score of stress with life style, strength of stress correlated with characteristic and BMI. The students preferred hot and sweet taste on their stress. However there is no difference feeling their stress after taking food for stress relief by ages, major area and monthly expenses. The stress is more severe for them according to do not sleeping and health status. The stress is not affected by exercising, smoking, drinking alcohols, healthcare mind in their life. The impetuous students get more stress easily but the stress is not affected on BMI. As a result, we need to provide them a nutrition education program that guide the students to improve their dietary life style and practice of their life attitude.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2013

This study proposed optimum lime contents for clayey soils consisting of representative clay minerals, Kaolinite and Na-Bentonite, according to optimum lime content method (ASTM C 977-22) by means of ground improvement method of clayey soils. As geotechnical properties, the variations of atterberg limits and unconfined compressive strength were analyzed and Ca-ion and micro-structure along elapsed time were observed for lime-added clayey specimens. The test results show that optimum lime content method provides an appropriate methodology for ground improvement of clayey soils and the variation of $Ca^{2+}$ might be a good index to predict the rate of ground improvement for clayey soils with lime addition.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.531-537
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• 2004

Various half-ester acrylates were prepared from anhydrides and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. Photocurable epoxy modified acrylates were prepared from synthesized half-ester acrylate and neopentylglycol diglycidylether. Physical properties such as hardness, yellowing, tensile strength and elongation were tested and compared as the structure of oligomer in cured-film differs. It was found that viscosity of neopentylglycol diglycidylether-hexahydrophthalic anhydride (NP-HA) was highest. Hardness and tensile strength of photocrosslinked neopentylglycol diglycidylether-hexahydrophthalic anhydride were better than those of other photocrosslinted epoxy acrylates. And 5% weight loss temperature of photocrosslinked neopentylglycol diglycidylether-hexahydrophthalic anhydride was higher than those of other photocrosslinked epoxy acrylates. Value of yellow index of photocrosslinked neopentylglycol diglycidyl ether-succinic anhydride (NP-SA) was lower than the other products.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.1001-1004
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• 2008

This study reviewed the results of utilization of insulation heat curing method using double layer bubble sheet in slab concrete and mass concrete in cold weather environment. First of all, when double layer bubble sheets are applied, it was shown that slab concrete was protected from early freezing by remaining between 6 and $10^{\circ}C$ even in case outside temperature drops $10^{\circ}C$ below zero until the 2nd day from piling, and in the case of mass concrete, with the maximum temperature difference between the center and surface less than $6^{\circ}C$, crack occurrence index was close to 2 and no hydration heat crack occurred by internal constraint. The insulation heat preservation curing method using the double bubble sheet applied in this field prevented early freezing owing to stable curing temperature management, deterring concrete strength development delay at low temperature, and obtained the needed strength. Also, it was proven that the method is highly effective and economic for cold weather concrete quality maintenance through curing cost reduction like construction period shortening and labor cost reduction, etc by reducing the process of temporary equipment installation and disassembling.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.222-227
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• 2010

This study added Au colloid in martial of conventional contact lens in various concentrations and copolymerized by heating at $70^{\circ}C$ for 40 minutes, $80^{\circ}C$ for 40 minutes, and finally, $100^{\circ}C$ for 40 minutes. Using the polymer produced through the copolymerization process, we have produced a contact lens and measured the physical characteristics which showed oxygen transmissibility of $9{\sim}12{\times}10^{-9}$ cm/s mL $O_2$/mL ${\times}$ mmHg, water content of 27.84% ~ 32.17%, refractive index of 1.432 ~ 1.443, visible transmittance of 83.2% ~ 89.5% and tensile strength of 0.141 kgf ~ 0.152 kgf. The polymer satisfied the physical properties required to produce contact lenses. Also, we judged that the polymer is suitable to be applied as a functional material for ophthalmological purposes.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.255-259
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• 2015

Recent narrow-band Ca photometry discovered two distinct red giant branch (RGB) populations in some massive globular clusters (GCs) including M22, NGC 1851, and NGC 288. In order to investigate the differences in light/heavy elements abundances between the two subpopulations, we have performed low-resolution spectroscopy for stars on the two RGBs in these GCs. We find a significant difference (more than $4{\sigma}$) in calcium abundance from the spectroscopic HK' index for both M22 and NGC 1851. We also find a more than $8{\sigma}$ difference in CN band strength between the Ca-strong and Ca-weak subpopulations. For NGC 288, however, we detect the presence of a large difference only in the CN strength. The calcium abundances of the two subpopulations in this GC are identical within errors. We also find interesting differences in CN-CH relations among these GCs. While CN and CH indices are correlated in M22, they show an anti-correlation in NGC 288. However, NGC 1851 shows no difference in CH between two groups of stars having different CN strengths. The CN bimodality in these GCs could be explained by pollution from intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch stars and/or fast-rotating massive stars. For the presence or absence of calcium bimodality and the differences in CN-CH relations, we suggest these would be best explained by how strongly type II supernovae enrichment has contributed to the chemical evolutions of these GCs.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.90-97
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• 2020

Objective: This study investigated the effects of combining both mobilization and hold-relax (HR) technique on the function of post-surgical patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Forty-five surgical patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis participated in this study and were randomly divided into three groups; both mobilization with movement (MWM) and HR technique (HR-MWM) group (n=15), the MWM group (n=15), and control group (n=15). All participants received three different interventions; 1) MWM combined with HR technique in PNF stretching on the shoulder, 2) MWM on the shoulder, 3) general physical therapy and intervention with neither MWM or HR stretching. Pre- and post-intervention, each subject was randomly evaluated for shoulder flexion range of motion (ROM), shoulder flexor muscle strength, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the Korean version of the Shoulder Pain And Disability Index (SPADI). Results: The MWM combined with HR technique group had significant effects on shoulder flexion ROM, shoulder flexor muscle strength, VAS and SPADI compared to the MWM and control group (p<0.05). The MWM group showed a significantly greater increase in shoulder flexion ROM compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that combining both the MWM and HR technique on the shoulder may more effectively improve shoulder function than MWM alone or without MWM&HR technique. Therefore, combining both the MWM and HR technique is a suggested intervention for increasing function due to shoulder adhesive capsulitis after surgery.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.41-47
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• 2007

Dance movements consist of combinations of movements such as jumping, rotation, maintaining balance, leg lifts, and plantar flexion with toe shoes. Dance movements require great muscle strength of lower extremities as well as muscular endurance. The purposes of this study were to investigate correlation between the anthropometric variables and the peak torque in young female dancers and to identify variables that affect isokinetic peak torque. Twenty-six female dancers ($19.7{\pm}1.2$ years of age) performed concentric maximum force efforts on the knee extensors and flexors at $60^{\circ}/sec$ and $120^{\circ}/sec$, the ankle plantar flexors (PF) and dorsiflexors (DF) at $30^{\circ}/sec$ and $120^{\circ}/sec$. Antropometric variables such as age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), thigh girth, calf girth and duration of dance training were measured. To identify antropometric variables related to muscle strength, Pearson correlations were computed and a stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. Pearson correlation coefficients of Knee extensor at $60^{\circ}/sec$ and $120^{\circ}/sec$ revealed moderate positive associations with BMI and thigh girth. Pearson correlation coefficients of ankle PF revealed low-to-moderate positive associations with height. Ankle DF also revealed moderate positive associations with BMI and calf girth. The main predictor variables of knee extensor at 60/sec, were stepwise multiple regression, age, height, thigh and girth.