Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.15268/ksim.2020.8.3.083

Three Years Follow-up Study for Changes in Body Composition and Physical Fitness by FTO Gene Polymorphism of Male Adolescence  

Park, Kijun (Dept. of Special Education, Dankook University)
Kim, Junechul (Dept. of Counseling, Health, and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University)
Publication Information
Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine / v.8, no.3, 2020 , pp. 83-91 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose : To identify changes and relationships in the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene polymorphism, body composition, and physical fitness from childhood to adolescence over a three-year period spanning elementary school to middle school (2015-2018) Methods : A total of 84 male student participants were divided into two groups based on FTO genotype: aa+at (group A) and tt (group T) and tracked down. Body composition, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, muscle strength, power, and other characteristics were measured in the two groups in both 2015 and 2018, respectively, and the changes over the three-year period were analyzed and compared. Results : Increases in height and weight did not differ significantly between the two groups, but body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in group A (p=.035). With regard to physical fitness, there was no significant difference in flexibility, but cardiovascular endurance, strength, and power were significantly higher in group T (p<.001, p=.063, and p=.040, respectively). Conclusion : Group A is more likely to become obese than group T because of their lower level of physical fitness and increased BMI relative to group T. This result supports previous studies showing that group A has a relatively low level of physical activity and a greater tendency to eat fatty foods as compared with group T. Therefore, we suggest that the FTO gene polymorphism should be identified early and that students educated on diet and physical activity to help prevent adult obesity.
Keywords
body composition; FTO gene polymorphism; physical fitness;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight, 2020. Available at https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight Accessed May 25, 2020.
2 Bahreini N, Noor MI, Koon PB, et al(2013). Weight status among Iranian adolescents: comparison of four different criteria. J Res Med Sci, 18(8), 641-646.
3 Choi KJ, Ko BK, Kim EH, et al(2015). The development of physical fitness evaluation criteria of Korean middle and high school athletes. Korean J Sport Sci, 26(4), 982-995. https://doi.org/10.24985/kjss.2015.26.4.982.   DOI
4 Chuang YF, Tanaka T, Beason-Held LL, et al(2015). FTO genotype and aging: pleiotropic longitudinal effects on adiposity, brain function, impulsivity and diet. Mol Psychiatry, 20(1),133-139. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2014.49.   DOI
5 Eynon N, Nasibulina ES, Banting LK, et al(2013). The FTO A/T polymorphism and elite athletic performance: a study involving three groups of European athletes. PLoS One, 8(4), Printed Online. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060570.
6 Goutzelas Y, Kotsa K, Vasilopoulos Y, et al(2017). Association analysis of FTO gene polymorphisms with obesity in Greek adults. Gene, 613, 10-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2017.02.033.   DOI
7 Guilherme JPL, Egorova ES, Semenova EA, et al(2019). The A-allele of the FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism is associated with decreased proportion of slow oxidative muscle fibers and over-represented in heavier athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 33(3), 691-700. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003032.   DOI
8 Hall JE, do Carmo JM, da Silva AA, et al(2015). Obesity-induced hypertension: interaction of neurohumoral and renal mechanisms. Circ Res, 116(6), 991-1006. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.305697.   DOI
9 Hwang IJ, Bang KS(2016). Factors affecting obesity and overweight in Korean preschool children: based on the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2013-2014. Child Health Nurs Res, 22(4), 237-246. https://doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2016.22.4.237.   DOI
10 Jiang L, Penney KL, Giovannucci E, et al(2018). A genome-wide association study of energy intake and expenditure. PLoS One, 13(8), Printed Online. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201555.
11 Kalantari N, Doaei S, Keshavarz-Mohammadi N, et al(2016). Review of studies on the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene interactions with environmental factors affecting on obesity and its impact on lifestyle interventions. ARYA Atheroscler, 12(6), 281-290.
12 Karra E, O'Daly OG, Choudhury AI, et al(2013). A link between FTO, ghrelin, and impaired brain food-cue responsivity. J Clin Invest, 123(8), 3539-3551. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI44403.   DOI
13 Kim JC, Yoon BE, Yoon SJ(2017). Relationship between physical activity, healthy relation physical strength based on fto gene polymorphism of elementary school students. Korean J Sports Sci, 26(1), 1001-1010. https://doi.org/10.35159/kjss.2017.02.26.1.1001.   DOI
14 Kim YI, Shin S(2017). Relighting of physical activity promotion system (PAPS) through Equalization. KSME, 19(3), 25-41. https://doi.org/10.21797/ksme.2017.19.3.003.
15 Kim YK, Lee KH, Lee CS(2013). Effects of FTO gene polymorphism on blood lipids and cytokine according to combined exercise program in the obese male college students. Exerc Sci, 22(1), 11-21. https://doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2013.22.1.11.   DOI
16 Kim YK, Lee KH(2011). The effect of dance sports on cytokine and metabolic hormone according to FTO polymorphism. Korean Soc Sport Leisure Stud, 44(2), 709-719.   DOI
17 Kirk SFL, Penney TL, Mchugh TLF, et al(2012). Effective weight management practice: a review of the lifestyle intervention evidence. Int J Obes, 36(2), 178-185. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2011.80.   DOI
18 Lee KH, Kim YK(2011). The effect of dance sports on cytokine and metabolic hormone according to FTO polymorphism. Korean Soc Sport Leisure Stud, 44(2), 709-719.   DOI
19 Loos RJF, Yeo GSH(2014). The bigger picture of FTO: the first gwas-identified obesity gene. Nat Rev Endocrinol, 10(1), 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2013.227.   DOI
20 Macekova S, Bernasovsky I, Gabrikova D, et al(2012). Association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with obesity in Roma/Gypsy population. Am J Phys Anthropol, 147(1), 30-34. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21604.   DOI
21 Oh DJ, Kim HE, Hong YJ(2014). The effects of badminton exercise on percentage body fat and physical fitness in the obese children. J Korean Phys Educ Assoc Girls Women, 28(1), 1-11.
22 Pienaar AE, Du Toit D, Truter L(2013). The effect of a multidisciplinary physical activity intervention on the body composition and physical fitness of obese children. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 53(4), 415-427.
23 Qibin Qi, Downer MK, Kilpelainen TO, et al(2015). Dietary intake, FTO genetic variants, and adiposity: a combined analysis of over 16,000 children and adolescents. Diabetes, 64(7), 2467-2476. https://doi.org/10.2337/db14-1629.   DOI
24 Reuter CP, Rosane De Moura Valim A, Gaya AR, et al(2016). FTO polymorphism, cardiorespiratory fitness, and obesity in Brazilian youth. Am J Hum Biol, 28(3), 381-386. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.22798.   DOI
25 Sandholt CH, Hansen T, Pedersen O(2012). Beyond the fourth wave of genome-wide obesity association studies. Nutr Diabetes, 2, Printed Online. https://doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2012.9.
26 Switzer NJ, Mangat HS, Karmali S(2013). Current trends in obesity: body composition assessment, weight regulation, and emerging techniques in managing severe obesity. J Interv Gastroenterol, 3(1), 34-36. https://doi.org/10.7178/jig.106.   DOI
27 Velders FP, De Wit JE, Jansen PW, et al(2012). FTO at rs9939609, food responsiveness, emotional control and symptoms of ADHD in preschool children. PLoS One, 7(11), Printed Online. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049131.
28 Wang K, Li WD, Zhang CK, et al(2012). Correction: a aenome-wide association study on obesity and obesity-related traits. PLoS One, 7(2), Printed Online. https://doi.org/10.1371/annotation/a34ee94e-3e6a-48bda19e-398a4bb88580.
29 West NR, Dorling J, Thackray AE, et al(2018). Effect of obesity-linked FTO rs9939609 variant on physical activity and dietary patterns in physically active men and women. J Obes, 1, Printed Online. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7560707.
30 Zhao NN, Dong GP, Wu W, et al(2019). FTO gene polymorphisms and obesity risk in Chinese population: a meta-analysis. World J Pediatr, 15(4), 382-389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-019-00254-2.   DOI
31 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Childhood obesity facts, 2014. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/facts.htm. Accessed June 12, 2020.
32 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. Diagnosis and evaluation of obesity, 2018. Available at http://general.kosso.or.kr/html/?pmode=obesityDiagnosis Accessed July 14, 2020.