• 생태와환경
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.110-122
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 섬강 수계 하천에서 하천의 형태복잡도와 부착규조류 군집 분포와의 관계를 자연지리, 토지이용도, 수리, 수질요인들과의 관계를 통해 분석하였다. 하천의 형태복잡도는 하천의 입지(고도)와 하폭 그리고 주변의 토지이용도와 밀접한 관계를 나타냈으며, 동시에 하천의 수질과도 유의한 관계를 보여주었다. 즉, 형태복잡도가 높은 하천은 숲과 농경지의 이용도가 높았으며, 반면 형태복잡도가 낮은 하천에서는 도시 이용도가 높게 나타났다. 한편, 형태복잡도가 높을수록 하천의 영양염의 농도가 낮은 결과를 나타냈다. 섬강 수계에서 출현한 부착규조는 총 145 분류군(2목 3아목 8과 26속 125종 15변종 2품종 3아종)이 출현하였다. 하천의 형태복잡도 차이에 관계없이 부착규조류 군집의 종조성과 우점종의 차이는 크지 않았으나 밀도와 지표종의 차이는 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 부착규조류 지표종은 낮은 형태복잡도를 가진 지점들에서 호오탁성종의 상대밀도가 높았던 반면, 복잡도가 높은 지점들에서는 호청수성종의 종수와 상대밀도가 더욱 높았다. 부착규조류 생물지수(TDI, DAIpo)를 이용해 생물학적 수질을 평가한 결과 형태복잡도가 낮은 지점들에서의 수질이 상대적으로 불량하게 나타났다. 특히, BOD, TP, $PO_4$-P 농도는 DAIpo와 높은 상관관계를 나타냈다. 결론적으로, 섬강 수계 하천의 형태복잡도는 부착조류 군집의 분포와 밀접한 관계를 보여주었으며, 보다 직접적으로 이들의 관계는 형태복잡도의 차이를 결정짓는 주변 토지이용의 형태가 하천수질에 영향을 미쳐 나타난 것으로 이해되었다.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.39-49
• /
• 1999

Urban streams have, recently, been straightened and widened to alleviate flooding problem. As a result, the stream have been modified inadvertently for ecological functions and microtopography. In this study, we investigated riparian vegetation and microtopography of the tributaries of Han River before and after the monsoon rain in summer. The purpose of this study was to relate the stream microtopography to the distribution of riparian vegetation. The stream microtopography was investigated for its scale and pattern. Vegetation was investigated from 131 plots by Braun-Blanquet method. The distribution of riparian vegetation was significantly correlated with the stream microtopography. Various herbaceous species occurred at stream bank slop, high terrace and channel side. However, at channel side and concave part of terrace where soils were in high moisture level, only a few wetland species were dominated. The complexity of the microtopography in the stream corridors led to heterogeneous riparian vegetation. The vegetation showed more stability against flooding at the stream corridors with natural and complex microtopography than at the urban-type stream corridors with simple topographical features. The results showed that the development of riparian vegetation was influenced by the changes in microtopography, which was primarily determined by the shape and characteristics of channel. It seemed that a close-to-nature river system would be restored more readily with an understanding of microtopographical features affecting the distribution of riparian vegetation.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.225-234
• /
• 2015

신경생물학 접근법은 정신학에서의 심신 이원론 문제를 해결하고 새로운 진단과 치료법을 발달시키는 데 도움을 주었다. 하지만 신경정신장애의 복합성 때문에 신경생물학의 신경해부학 부분을 너무 강조하는 것은 문제가 될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 발달성 협응장애 (DCD)는 일반적으로 움직임과 관련된 장애이지만 종종 지각과도 긴밀한 관계가 있다. 뇌의 기능적 분류에 입각한 두 시각 이론은 대뇌의 복측은 물체의 재인을, 배측은 움직임, 위치와 관련되어 있다고 주장한다. 하지만 물체의 지각은 시각적으로 유도되는 행동과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 이 논문에서는 두 시각 이론을 설명하는 기본적인 연구들을 검토하고, 이 이론에 대한 비판을 제시한다. 특히, 발달성 협응장애와 같은 운동뿐만 아니라 지각과 관련이 있는 신경정신장애에 구조적인 신경생물학 접근법을 적용하는 것의 한계점을 제시한다. 결론적으로, 현대의 신경정신분야에 융복합적으로 사용되는 신경생물학 접근법은 유용하지만, 신경구조적 분류에 너무 집중하면 한계점이 나타날 수 있다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제13권7호
• /
• pp.3599-3619
• /
• 2019

In human activity recognition system both static and motion information play crucial role for efficient and competitive results. Most of the existing methods are insufficient to extract video features and unable to investigate the level of contribution of both (Static and Motion) components. Our work highlights this problem and proposes Static-Motion fused features descriptor (SMFD), which intelligently leverages both static and motion features in the form of descriptor. First, static features are learned by two-stream 3D convolutional neural network. Second, trajectories are extracted by tracking key points and only those trajectories have been selected which are located in central region of the original video frame in order to to reduce irrelevant background trajectories as well computational complexity. Then, shape and motion descriptors are obtained along with key points by using SIFT flow. Next, cholesky transformation is introduced to fuse static and motion feature vectors to guarantee the equal contribution of all descriptors. Finally, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is utilized to discover long-term temporal dependencies and final prediction. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach, extensive experiments have been conducted on three well-known datasets i.e. UCF101, HMDB51 and YouTube. Findings shows that the resulting recognition system is on par with state-of-the-art methods.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.19-29
• /
• 2012

Numerous studies suggested that fish assemblage structure reflects the status of stream ecosystems. The status of streams integrity, including various trophic levels, water quality and habitat degradation, can be assessed by fish assemblages. In this study, we investigated the relationships between fish assemblages and streamline geometry of streams. Previous studies suggested that geomorphologic parameter can be a critical factor of permeability between adjacent two systems. From a landscape ecological perspective, edges may partially control the flow rate of energy between two adjacent systems. Thus, the Streamline geometry can be a geomorphologic parameter that exhibits the integrity of stream. We selected the Nakdong river for study areas, which is one of major rivers and the longest (525 km) River in South Korea. We used the revised IBI representing overall ecological characteristics of Korean fish assemblages and eight sub-assessment criteria of IBI, collected from 82 sampling sites in the Nakdong River. For calculating the Streamline geometry, we measured fractal dimension index that generally used in biology, ecology and landscape ecology. We used the digital land-use/land-cover map and generated a 1-km buffer for each sampling site and refined the shape of the Streamlines. Pearson correlation analyses were performed between Streamline geometry and IBI and sub-assessment criteria of IBI. The results show that IBI and eight sub-assessments of fish are significantly correlated with geometry of Streamline. The fractal dimension of Streamline geometry were related with IBI (r = 0.48) and six sub-assessments of IBI, including total number of native fish and native species, the number of riffle benthic species, sensitive species, tolerant species and native insectivore. Especially, the number of tolerant species(r = -0.52) and native insectivore(r = 0.52) show strong correlation with geometry of Streamline. These results indicate that lower Streamline geometry can result in poor fish assemblages, while higher geometry of Streamline can enhance fish assemblages by potentially supplying insects and better habitat conditions. We expect the results of our study to be useful for stream restoration and management. However, we see the necessity of study investigating the mechanisms how Streamline geometry affect fish assemblages.