• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2000

Nowadays, there are a lot of evidence that mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene is one of the most common genetic abnormalities in neoplastic progression. In this study, we analyzed 20 specimens of oral tumors(squamous cell carcinoma 14 cases, ameloblastoma 3 cases, adenoid cystic carcinoma 2 cases, malignant schwannoma 1 case)using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing which used an automated DNA sequencer and software for detection of mutations. Polymerase chain reactions were performed with 4 sets of primers encompassing exon 5, 6, 7, 8, and direct sequencing method was employed. The results were as followings. 1. We detected 10 point mutations out of 20 specimens (50%). 2. The genetic alterations included 7 mis-sense mutations resulting in single amino acid subtitutions, 2 silent mutations, 1 non-sense mutations encoding a stop codon. 3. Mutations were mostly in exon 7(7 out of 10 mutations, 70%) and involved codons 225, 234, 235, 236, 238, 247. 4. Therse were 4 cases of $T{\rightarrow}A$ transversion, 2 cases of $C{\rightarrow}A$ transversion, $A{\rightarrow}G$ transition, 1 case of $C{\rightarrow}G$, $T{\rightarrow}G$ transversion respectively. 5. We could find out point mutations more conveniently using PCR - Automated Direct Sequencing method.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.26.1-26.9
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• 2017

Fishes in genus Sardinella are small pelagic species, which plays an important role in marine ecosystem as the first consumer. Those species are also commercially important, whose total catch reaches 278,600 tons in 2011 in Indonesia, but their identification has been difficult for their morphological similarity. In this study, we reported Sardinella jussieu for the first time in Indonesian coastal area (Banten Bay, Indonesia, $6^{\circ}\;0^{\prime}\;50.00^{{\prime}{\prime}}\;S-106^{\circ}\;10^{\prime}\;21.00^{{\prime}{\prime}}\;E$). We were able to confirm the species by both its morphological characteristics including the black spot at dorsal fin origin, the dusky pigmentation at caudal fin, 31 total scute numbers, and DNA sequence identity in the GenBank database by the molecular analysis. Its total mitochondrial genome was determined by the combination of next-generation sequencing and typical PCR strategy. The total mitochondrial genome of Sardinella jussieu (16,695 bp) encoded 13 proteins, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs, and the putative control region. All protein-coding genes started with ATG and typical stop codon and ended with TAA or TAG except for ND4 in which AGA is used. Phylogenetic analyses of both COI region and full mitochondrial genome showed that S. jussieu is most closely related to Sardinella albella and Sardinella gibbosa

• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.923-927
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• 2005

박테리오신의 일종인 Leucocin A를 생산하는 효모의 제작을 위하여 114 bp 길이의 종지코돈을 포함하는 Leucocin A 유전자를 합성하여 효모운반체인 pYDl에 클로닝하였다. 이렇게 제작된 재조합 DNA를 효모세포에 형질전환시켜 Leucocin A를 생산하는 형질전환 효모세포를 제작하였다. 형질전환 효모는 고초균(Bacillus subtilis)에 대해 항균활성을 나타냈다. 형질전환 효모로부터 분리한 플라스미드를 주형(template)으로 하고 Leucocin A에 특이적인 primer들을 이용하여 PCR 반응을 행한 결과, 효모에 도입된 Leucocin A 유전자를 확인할 수 있었다. 이 연구의 결과로 부패하기 쉬운 식품들의 보존성을 향상시키거나, 내성이 생긴 병원균의 생육을 저해하기 위한 항생제로 사용할 수 있는 박테리오신을 산업적으로 대량생산할 수 있는 효모세포를 제작하였다.

• Journal of Interdisciplinary Genomics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2019

In this report, the phenotypes of three patients from two families with mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) are compared: a novel variant and recombinant variant of IDS gene. The results of urine in patients showed a pronounced increase in glycosaminoglycan excretion with decreased iduronate-2-sulfatase enzyme activity in leukocyte, leading to a diagnosis of MPS II. A patient has a novel variant with 1 bp small insertion, c.1224_1225insC in exon 9, which caused frameshifts with a premature stop codon, and two patients have a recombination variant, c.418+495_1006+1304del, leading to the loss of exons 4, 5, 6, and 7 in genomic DNA, which is relatively common in Korean patients. They had different phenotypes even in the same mutation. The patients have now been enzyme replacement therapy with a significant decrease in glycosaminoglycan excretion. Further study on residual enzyme activity, as well as experience with more cases, may shed light on the relationship between phenotypes in MPS II and gene mutations.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.116-121
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• 2010

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) promote the development of brain and vision of the fetus, relieve inflammation, inhibit oral dysplasia of rumor cell, decrease the incidence of cardiovascular disease and regulate arrhythmia. ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase is the rate-limited enzyme in the desaturation process. This study reports the cloning, characterization and tissue expression of a ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase gene in the chicken. PCR primers were designed based on the predicted sequence of chicken ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase (accession number: XM421053) and used to isolate a cDNA fragment of 1,323 bp from chicken liver. Based on the 1,323 bp fragment an EST (BI390105) was obtained by BLAST. The EST and 5'nd of the 1,323 bp fragment were partially overlapped. Gene specific primers derived from the EST were used for amplification of the 5'nd. Another gene-specific primer derived from the 1,323 bp fragment was used for amplification of the 3'nd by 3'ACE. Then the three overlapping cDNA sequences obtained were assembled with DNAMAN software and a full-length ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase of 2,153 bp was obtained. The full-length cDNA contained an ORF of 1,335 bp with a 5'ntranslated region of 147 nucleotides followed by an ATG initiation codon. Stop codon TGA was at position 1,481-1,483 bp. The deduced amino acids shared an homology above 77% with bovine, mice, orangutan, rat and human. The protein sequence had three histidine-rich regions HDFGH (HisI region), HFQHH (HisII region) and HH (HisIII region), a cytochrome $b_{5}$-like domain containing a heme-binding motif and two transmembrane domains. Sequence analysis of the chicken genomic DNA revealed that the coding sequence of chicken ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase included 12 exons and 11 introns. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that the ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase expression levels were in turn liver, spleen, pancreas, lung, breast muscle, heart, and abdominal fat. The expression of ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase in liver was significantly higher than that in breast muscle (p<0.01). The expression of ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase in lung was significantly higher than that in abdominal fat (p<0.01). This is the first clone of chicken ${\Delta}-6$ desaturase.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2006

Ochrobactrum anthropi JW-2의 염색체 DNA로부터 paraquat 내성 유전자 pqrA를 포함하는 4,971 bp의 DNA 염기서열을 결정하였다. 염기서열 분석 결과 2개의 불완전한 ORF(orf1, orf5)와 4개의 완전한 ORF(orf2, pqrA, orf3, orf4)가 존재하는 것으로 나타났는데 orf1, pqrA, orf4, orf5는 direct strand에 orf2와 orf3은 reverse complementary strand 존재하였다. Orf1은 개시코돈이 결손된 불완전한 서열로서, response regulator receiver의 ATP binding region과 상동성을 나타내었다. Orf2는 tetR family에 속하는 transcription repressor와 높은 상동성을 나타내었고 H-T-H motif가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 orf2가 pqrA 유전자의 전사조절에 관여하는 repressor로 추정되어 pqrR2로 명명하였다. Orf3은 lysR type의 transcription activator와 높은 상동성을 나타내었고 N-terminal 부위에 H-T-H motif와 C-terminal 부위에 substrate binding domain이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 orf3은 pqrA의 전사조절에 관여하는 transcription activator로 추정되어 pqrR1로 명명하였다. Orf4는 amino acid ABC transporter의 periplasmic amino acid-binding protein과 상동성을 나타내었으며, orf5는 종결 코돈이 없는 불완전한 ORF로서 amino acid ABC transporter의 permease protein과 상동성을 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과로 미루어 pqrA 유전자 주위에 존재하는 전사조절 유전자들이 paraquat 내성유전자인 pqrA의 발현조절을 통하여 paraquat에 대한 내성획득에 관여하는 것으로 판단되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.4915-4920
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• 2015

Background: : Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease mainly caused by mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene with almost complete penetrance. These colorectal polyps are precancerous lesions that will inevitable develop into colorectal cancer at the median age of 40-year old if total proctocolectomy is not performed. So identification of APC germline mutations has great implications for genetic counseling and management of FAP patients. In this study, we screened APC germline mutations in Chinese FAP patients, in order to find novel mutations and the APC gene germline mutation characteristics of Chinese FAP patients. Materials and Methods: The FAP patients were diagnosed by clinical manifestations, family histories, endoscope and biopsy. Then patients peripheral blood samples were collected, afterwards, genomic DNA was extracted. The mutation analysis of the APC gene was conducted by direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing for micromutations and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) for large duplications and/or deletions. Results: We found 6 micromutations out of 14 FAP pedigrees, while there were no large duplications and/or deletions found. These germline mutations are c.5432C>T(p. Ser1811Leu), two c.3926_3930delAAAAG (p.Glu1309AspfsX4), c.3921_3924delAAAA (p.Ile1307MetfsX13), c3184_3187delCAAA(p.Gln1061AspfsX59) and c4127_4126delAT (p.Tyr1376LysfsX9), respectively, and all deletion mutations resulted in a premature stop codon. At the same time, we found c.3921_3924delAAAA and two c.3926_3930delAAAAG are located in AAAAG short tandem repeats, c3184_3187delCAAA is located in the CAAA interrupted direct repeats, and c4127_4128 del AT is located in the 5'-CCTGAACA-3', 3'-ACAAGTCC-5 palindromes (inverted repeats) of the APC gene. Furthermore, deletion mutations are mostly located at condon 1309. Conclusions: Though there were no novel mutations found as the pathogenic gene of FAP in this study, we found nucleotide sequence containing short tandem repeats and palindromes (inverted repeats), especially the 5 bp base deletion at codon 1309, are mutations in high incidence area in APC gene,.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.382-386
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• 1995

감자의 단백질 분해효소 억제제-II(PI-II)단백질은 카이모트립신 저해부위와 트립신 저해부위로 나뉘어 있는데 PI-II 유전자중의 하나인 PI-IIT 유전자의 염기서열에서 비롯된 아미노산 서열이 폴리펩타이드 카이모트립신 저해제(PCI) 단백질의 아미노산 서열과 84%의 높은 동질성을 가지고 있으므로 감자의 단백질 분해효소 억제제유전자 집단 (family) 중의 하나인 PCI와 homology가 있는 유전자단편을 클로닝하기 위하여 이미 클론된 PI-IIT 유전자로부터 PCR을 행하여 얻어진 DNA 단편을 백터에 클로닝하고 염기서열을 결정하였다. 염기서열을 확인한 유전자 단편을 박테리오파아지 T7 promoter와 terminator를 갖고있는 플라스미드 pET3a에 옮겨 대장균 BL2l(DE3)에서 발현시켰던바 IPTG의 부가에 따라 유기되는 것을 확인 하였으나 발현수준은 기대했던것에 미치지 못하였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.380-387
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• 1997

Pectate lyase isoenzymes을 분비하는 Erwinia carotovorn subsp. carotovora LY34는 식물조직을 연화시키는 연부균이다. 이 균주로부터 게놈 DNA를 분리하여 Sau3Al 제한효소로 부분 절단한 다음 pBluescript $SK^+$ 벡터에 클로닝하여 pectate Iyase를 분비하는 클론을 분리하였다 분리 결과 4.2 kb크기의 DNA 단편을 가지고 있었으며 이를 다시 재클로닝하여 3.1 kb크기의 pelCI유전자를 함유하는 pLYPA100을 구하였다. 이 유전자의 DNA 염기서열을 분석한 결과 374 개의 아미노산을 구성하는 1,122 bp의 ORF를 확인하였다. 시작코돈과 종결코돈은 ATG와 TAA였으며 초기 서열 22개의 아미노산으로 구성된 전형적인 원핵세포의 signal peptide가 존재하였다. PeICI의 단백질 염기서열을 다른 단백질과 유사성을 분석한 결과 Erwinia carotovera subsp. carotovora Er 균주의 PelIII, Erwinia carotevora subsp. carotovora SCR193 균주의 PeIC 및 Erwinia caretovora subsp. atroseptica C18 균주의 Pel3과 유사하였으며 PLbc family에 속하였다. PeICI의 분자량은 40,507, pI는 7.60으로 계산되었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.420-427
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• 2018

효모균 타이로실-tRNA 합성효소(Sc YRS)와 엠버 멈춤코돈을 인식하는 대장균 시작tRNA 변이체(fMam $tRNA_{CUA}$)쌍은 대장균에서 단백질 생합성시 원하는 특정 위치에 비천연아미노산을 도입하는데 활용된다. Sc YRS/fMam $tRNA_{CUA}$쌍의 엠버써프레션 활성을 높이기 위해 fMam $tRNA_{CUA}$의 첫번째 안티코돈 염기를 인식하는 Sc YRS의 320번, 321번 아미노산 잔기를 암호화하는 염기서열을 무작위로 돌연변이시킨 라이브러리를 제작하였다. 엠버써프레션에 의한 클로람페니콜 저항성을 이용해 라이브러리를 탐색하여 활성이 향상된 2개의 돌연변이주를 선별하였다. 이들의 클로람페니콜 저항성 성장의 $IC_{50}$값은 야생형 YRS보다 1.7~2.3배 높았으며, in vivo 엠버써프레션 활성을 비교한 결과 3~6.5배의 활성 증가가 나타났다. 높은 활성을 보인 mYRS-3 (P320A/D321A) 단백질의 fMam $tRNA_{CUA}$에 대한 in vitro aminoacylation kinetics 분석은 야생형보다 약 7배 높은 효소활성을 보였으며, 이는 주로 기질인 fMam $tRNA_{CUA}$에 대한 결합 친화도가 증가하여 나타났다. 이런 접근법을 이용하여 다양한 종류의 비천연 아미노산 도입에 활용되는 aminoacyl-tRNA 합성효소의 엠버써프레션 활성을 높임으로써 엠버 멈춤코돈을 이용한 비천연 아미노산 도입 효율성을 높일 수 있을 것이다.