• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2005

Disease associated with microorganisms are far from resolved by current therapeutics. One of effective approach to health maintenance and disease control is the use of dietary bacterial and carbohydrate supplements. This comprises use of probiotics and prebiotics. Probiotics mean the live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. Prebiotics mean a nondigestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of one or a limited number of bacteria that can Improve the host health. Especially, probiotics has the relation which is close with innate immunity and adaptive immunity. And probiotics has the clinical value with many disease like lactose intolerance, constipation, acute gastroenteritis, food hypersensitivity and allergy, atopic dermatitis, crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, pelvic radiotherapy, intestinal inflammation and chemical exposure, colon cancer, inhibitory effect of Helicobacter pylori and lowering the level of cholesterol. We use jointly korean medicine and probiotics and it has the more therapeutic effect in the many disease.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.362-364
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• 2000

Opuntia ficus-indca(Op) extract has been claimed to have several therapeutic properties in oriental medicine including anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects. Little is known of its effect on the activation of immune cells such as T cells and macrophages. To evaluate the functional effect of Op extract on immune cells, we examined whether Op extract stimulates the proliferation of T cells and the secretion of cytokines including IL-1 beta, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in THP-1 cell lines by RT-PCR. Op extract significantly enhanced the proliferation of T cell clone(D10S). Transcription of cytokines including IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha peaked 6 hrs after exposure to Op extract(100g/ml) in the THP-1 cell line and declined and declined thereafter. In an experiment to test the dose dependency of transcription of cytokines, transcription increased at a dose of 10 g/ml and the maximum expression was obtained at 100 g/ml, 6 hrs after exposure to Op extract. These findings suggest that Op extract is a potent stimulant of immune cells including T cells and macrophages, which acts by stimulating T cell proliferation and upregulating cytokines. These phenomena imply that some edible plants may be beneficial to living animals through the activation of immune functions.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.171-174
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• 2012

Various small molecules can be used to control major signaling pathways to enhance stemness and inhibit differentiation in murine embryonic stem cell (mESC) culture. Small molecules inhibiting the fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/ERK pathway can preserve pluripotent cells from stimulation of differentiation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of pluripotin (SC-1), an inhibitor of the FGF/ERK pathway, on the colony formation of outgrowing presumptive mESCs. After plating the zona pellucida-free blastocyst on the feeder layer, attached cell clumps was cultured with SC-1 until the endpoint of the experiment at passage 10. In this experiment, when the number of colonies was counted at passage 3, SC-1-treated group showed 3.4 fold more mESC colonies when compared with control group. However, after passage 4, there was no stimulating effect of SC-1 on the colony formation. In conclusion, SC-1 treatment can be used to promote mESC generation by increasing the number of early mESC colonies.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.178-192
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• 1983

Polygalae Radix was used as diuretics, analgesics and expertorants in oriental medicine. The root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. (Polygalaceae) is comprised saponin (Onjisaponin A,B,C,D,E,F and G) polygalitol, onsitin and sugars. The pharmacological action of crude Polygala-saponin (PS) obtained from the roots are studied. The following results were obtained; 1) The median lethal dose $(LD_{50})$ of PS in mice is presented 71.1mg/kg s.c. and 694. 5mg/kg p.o.. 2) PS demonstrated diuretic action of relatively long acting duration in mice. 3) The diuretic mechanism of PS was found due to inhibitory effect of renal tubular reabsorption of electrolytes and glomerular vascular dilatation. 4) The group, administered simultaneously PS and cefadroxil monobydrate was significantly increased with PS alone group on diuretic action. Synergistic effect cefadroxil monohydrate on the diuretic action of PS seems due to competitive inhibition of plasma protein binding with PS. 5) PS demonstrated analgesic action by the acetic acid stimulating method and Randall-Selitto test in mice. 6) PS presented antipyretic action against febrile treated with the typhoid vaccine. 7) PS was significantly prolonged against the hypnotic duration of pentobarbital in mice. 8) Onset time convulsion and death induced by picrotoxin and strychnine in mice were not delayed. According to the above results, the PS was identified as a pharmacological active component obtained from roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.198-205
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• 2003

We evaluated the effect of low power GaAsAl laser on re-epithelization in full-thickness excisional wound of rat skin. Two full-thickness excisions were made on the back of the experimental animals. Low power laser applications with 10mW intensity were treated experimental animals twice a day for 7 days. On the seventh postoperative day the quantitative analysis of re-epithelization was performed using immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The majority of PCNA immunoreactive cells was observed at epithelial cells in the margin of full thickness excisional wound. The low power laser treatments significantly increased the number of PCNA immunoreactive cell as compared to that of non treated animal group (p<0.01). The shape of PCNA immunoreactive cell appeared as small dark, round to ovoid structures. Most PCNA immunoreactive cells exhibited a high intensity of staining that contrasted sharply with the surrounding background. In conclusion, these findings suggest that GaAlAs laser treatments effectively enhance the epithelial wound healing by the stimulating cell proliferation. Furthermore, the majority of cell proliferation occurred in the margin of full thickness excisional wound.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.135-141
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• 2005

Although it has been known that TGF-${\beta}1$ acts as a crucial cofactor in osteoclast differentiation, its mode of action is still unclear. In the present study, we studied the effect of TGF-${\beta}1$ on the differentiation of osteoclast depending on the developmental stages. Murine bone marrow cells were induced to differentiate into mature osteoclasts in the presence of receptor activator of NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF). In the early stage of the differentiation TRAP(-) mononuclear precursor cells were obtained from nonadherent M-CSF dependent bone marrow cells, which further differentiated into mature osteoclasts. TGF-${\beta}1$ stimulated osteoclast differentiation, which was stronger when cells were stimulated by TGF-${\beta}1$ in the early stage than the later differentiation. TGF-${\beta}1$ increased the expression of RANK and synergistically stimulated RANKL-induced activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ MAP kinase in TRAP(-) mononuclear precursor cells. These results suggest that activation of osteoclast differentiation by TGF-${\beta}1$ may be ascribed to the both increased expression and activation of RANK in the osteoclast differentiation, especially in the early stage of differentiation.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.2 no.1 s.2
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• pp.96-102
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• 1999

Cross flow fans are used in various applications, especially in industrial ventilation applications and in room air conditioners, due to their superior performance characteristics. Unlike radial and/or axial fans, the design of cross flow fans have been mostly based on earlier experiences and experiments. In the present study, numerical computations of flow fields through a cross flow fan used in room air conditioner are performed to investigate the detailed flow fields and to study the effect of the blade shape on performance curves to aid better design of the fan. Despite some discrepancies between the two results, it is seen from the present study that the computational results agree quite well with the qualitative experimental results. It is also shown from the present study that by having a different shape of blade, it is possible to achieve about $15\%$ increase in flow rates. The stimulating results of the present study can be used in the design of high performance cross flow fans with the use of optimal design algorithm and experimental verifications.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.329-338
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• 1989

Present study examined the effect of intermittent versus continuous infusion of progesterone(P) on LHRH release in uiuo from the mediobasal hvpothalamus of ovariectomiEed, estradiol-primed adult rats bearing push-pull cannulae. Three experimental groups were studied: 1) control (perfusion medium only),2) intermittent perfusion of P (10-min on,20-min off, and 3) continuous perfusion of p. p (10 ng/mll was directly infused into the MBH following a 3 hr basal collection. Perfusates were collected at 10 min intents린s on ice and LHRH release was measured by LHRH radioimmunoassav. Cycle detector analysis revealed that the spontaneous HRH output in the control group was pulsatile over a 7 hr push-pull perfusion period. The mean basal LHRH release, pulse amplitude and pl서se period were 0.68 $\pm$ 0.03 ps110 min, 1.15 $\pm$0.08 pg and 60 $\pm$ 9 min, respectivelv. Intermi구eat perfusion of P clearly stimulated the mean LHRH release (pre-P vs post-P: 1.14 $\pm$ 0.18 vs 1.99 $\pm$ 0.53 pg) without changes in LHRH pulse frequency. In contrast to intermittent infusion of p, continuous administration of P faithed to modify LHRH release, since the mean LHRH release and pulse amplitude between pre-P and post-P perfusion urere similar. The in vitro study clearly showed that intermittent, but not continuous administration of P is effective in stimulating LHRH release. Therefore, it appears that rhythmic secretion of P mal be the erective signal for activating the neural LHRH apparatus.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.16 no.1 s.26
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• pp.57-63
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• 1980

The Pharmacologic action of ethanol extracts and essential substance obtained from fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa are studied. 1) Motility of the isolated rabbit-intestine was decreased in proportion to the concentration of essential substance. 2) Intestinal contraction induced by acetylcholine 10? 6g/ml was inhibited by the essential substance $10^{-5}g/ml$. 3) Contractile responses of the isolated rabbit-intestine by serotonin $10^{-5}g/ml$ and histamine $10^{-5}g/ml$ were depressed significantly with the essential substance $10^{-5}g/ml$. 4) Alpha adrenergic receptor blocking effect of dihydroergotamine was interfered significantly with the essential substance. 5) Analgesic effect in mice by acetic acid stimulating method was observed significantly with both of the ethanol extracts and essential substance. 6) Blood pressure and respiration of the rabbits were not significantly influenced with the essential substance.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.383-389
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• 1985

Optimum conditions of PEG treatment for the intergeneric fusion of yeast protoplasts were investigated. Fusants were selected by nutritional complementation on minimal medium. The intergeneric fusion frequency between pro-toplasts of S. cerevisiae and C. tropicalis was distributed 10$^{-4}$ to 10$^{-6}$, depending on the combination of parental strains. PEG 4000 or 6000 are equally effective. 30%(w/v) PEG 4000 was found to be optimum and below 20% its stabilizing effect was lost, resulting in protoplast lysis, and optimum pH was 8.0. The efficiency of PEG was enhanced by higher temperature of the PEG solution, and by the addition of Ca ions. The stimulating effect of Ca ions in the range of 1 mM to 100 mM proved similar.