• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2007년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.315-320
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• 2007

An effective reinforcement method for steel tubular joints having a large chord diameter is the use of internal ring stiffeners. This paper presents the results of a numerical study on the static strength of internally ring-stiffened tubular X- and T-joints subjected to brace axial compression loading. Nonlinear finite element analyses are used to compute the joint strength. The influence of geometrical parameters has been studied and the maximum reinforcement effect of a ring stiffener has been evaluated. A strength ratio is defined. by the ratio of ring-stiffened joint strength to unstiffened joint strength, and an equation for this strength ratio is derived by regression analysis. Design optimization for ring stiffener of tubular joints is carried out using metropolis genetic algorithm.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.391-410
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• 2015

One of the most common applications of ferrocement is the manufacturing of thin stiffened plates which are prone to buckling. This study focuses on the investigation of the behavior of a ferrocement plate, stiffened in both directions by means of an appropriate grid of ribs. In the present paper detailed three-dimensional numerical Finite Element models are formulated for the simulation of the behavior of the structure under study, which are able to take into account both the geometric and material non-linearities that are present in the subject at hand (plasticity, cracking, large displacements). The difference among the formulated models lies on the use of different types of finite elements. The numerical results obtained by each model are compared and the most efficient model is determined. Finally, this model is in the sequel used for the further investigation of the effect of different parameters on the ultimate load capacity, such as the initial out-of-plane imperfection of the plate and the interaction between the axial loads in both directions.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.643-655
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• 2020

Active control of nonlinear vibration of stiffened functionally graded (SFG) cylindrical shell is studied in this paper. The system is subjected to axial and transverse periodic loads in the presence of thermal uncertainty. The material composition is considered to be continuously graded in the thickness direction, also these properties depend on temperature. The relations of strain-displacement are derived based on the classical shell theory and the von Kármán equations. For modeling the stiffeners on the cylindrical shell surface, the smeared stiffener technique is used. The Galerkin method is used to discretize the partial differential equations of motion. Some comparisons are made to validate the SFG model. For suppression of the nonlinear vibration, the linear and nonlinear control strategies are applied. For control objectives, the piezoelectric actuator is attached to the external surface of the shell and the thin ring piezoelectric sensor is attached to the middle internal surface of shell. The effect of PID, feedback linearization and sliding mode control on the suppression of vibration for SFG cylindrical shell is presented.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.275-289
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• 2012

In this paper the influence of stiffener location, rise/span ratio and fibre orientation on vibration behavior of corner supported hypar shells is studied by using a four-node hybrid stress finite element. The formulation of the element is based on Hellinger-Reissner variational principle. The element is developed by combining a hybrid plane stress element and a hybrid plate element. Benchmark problems are solved to validate the approach and free vibration response of stiffened orthotropic hypar shells is studied both with respect to fundamental frequency and mode shapes by varying the location of stiffeners, rise/span ratio and fiber orientation.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.39-59
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• 2014

Nowadays aluminum stiffened plates are one of the major constituents of the marine structures, especially high-speed vessels. On one hand, these structures are subject to various forms of loading in the harsh sea environment, like hydrostatic lateral pressures and in-plane compression. On the other hand, fusion welding is often used to assemble those panels. The common marine aluminum alloys in the both 5,000 and 6,000 series, however, lose a remarkable portion of their load carrying capacity due to welding. This paper presents the results of sophisticated finite-element investigations considering both geometrical and mechanical imperfections. The tested models were those proposed by the ultimate strength committee of $15^{th}$ ISSC. The presented data illuminates the effects of welding on the strength of aluminum plates under above-mentioned load conditions.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2019

To reduce the structural weight, thin-walled circular composite tube has been used as a main spar of high altitude-long endurance unmanned air vehicle(HALE UAV). Predicting the torsional response of stiffened circular spar is complex due to the inhomogeneous nature of section properties, which are dependent on fiber architecture and constituent material properties. The stiffener were placed in the top and bottom sectors of a tube to increase the torsional capabilities such as the rigidity and buckling strength. Numerical simulations were performed to estimate the effect of the stiffener on the torsional capacities. A static experimental test was performed on a stiffened tube, and the test results were compared with a numerical model. The numerical models showed good correlation and demonstrated the ability to predict the torsional capacity. Results presented herein will exhibit the effectiveness of stiffener on torsional strength and stiffness.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.150-156
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• 1997

Three dimensional finite element analysis was conducted to estimate the effect of shape parameters (plate width and thickness) on the stress intensity factor for crack in the integrally stiffened plate. Analysis was done for width ratios of 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and thickness ratios of 2, 3, 4, 6. Based on these results, an empirical equation of geometry factor is formulated as a function of crack length and thickness ratio.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2019

Internal ring beams are primary components of new ring-stiffened cooling towers. In this study, numerical simulation of the internal flow field of a cooling tower with three ring beams under wind-thermal coupling effect is performed. The studied cooling tower is a 220-m super-large hyperbolic indirect natural draft cooling tower that is under construction in China and will be the World's highest cooling tower, the influence of peripheral radiators in operating cooling tower is also considered. Based on the simulation, the three-dimensional effect and distribution pattern of the wind loads on inner surface of the cooling tower is summarized, the average wind pressure distributions on the inner surface before and after the addition of the ring beams are analyzed, and the influence pattern of ring beams on the internal pressure coefficient value is derived. The action mechanisms behind the air flows inside the tower are compared. In addition, the effects of internal ring beams on temperature field characteristics, turbulence kinetic energy distribution, and wind resistance are analyzed. Finally, the internal pressure coefficients are suggested for ring-stiffened cooling towers under wind-thermal coupling effect. The study shows that the influence of internal stiffening ring beams on the internal pressure and flow of cooling towers should not be ignored, and the wind-thermal coupling effect should also be considered in the numerical simulation of cooling tower flow fields. The primary conclusions presented in this paper offer references for determining the internal suction of such ring-stiffened cooling towers.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2008

보강판은 선박이나 해양구조물에서 폭넓게 사용되고 있는 기본적인 강도 부재이다. 이러한 보강판은 선박의 갑판부, 선측부, 선저부에 흔히 사용되고 있다. 보강판은 보강재가 어느 한 방향으로 또는 양방향으로 구성되어 있으며 후자에 대해서 보통 그릴리지라고 한다. 보강판의 좌굴 및 소성붕괴는 선각거더의 파손 원인이 되므로 좌굴 및 최종강도가 정확하게 규명할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 범용유한요소해석코드인 ANSYS를 이용하여 좌굴 및 좌굴 후 거동에 대한 평가를 수행하고 보강재 치수변화, 수압의 영향을 고려하여 압축최종강도에 대해 해석 수행하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.427-446
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• 2022

Cutouts in the beams or plates are often unavoidable due to inspection, maintenance, ventilation, structural aesthetics purpose, and sometimes to lighten the structures. Therefore, there will be a substantial reduction in the strength of the structure due to the introduction of the cutouts. However, these cutouts can be reinforced with the different patterns of ribs (stiffener) to enhance the strength of the structure. The present study highlights the influence of the elliptical cutout reinforced with a different pattern of ribs on the stability performance of such stiffened composite panels subjected to non-uniform edge loads by employing the Finite element (FE) technique. In the present formulation, a 9-noded heterosis element is used to model the skin, and a 3-noded isoparametric beam element is used to simulate the rib that is attached around a cutout in different patterns. The displacement compatibility condition is employed between the plate and stiffener, and arbitrary orientations are taken care by introducing respective transformation matrices. The effect of shear deformation and rotary inertia are incorporated in the formulation. A new mesh configuration is developed to house the attached ribs around an elliptical cutout with different patterns. Initially, a study is performed on the panels with different stiffener schemes for various ply orientations and for different stiffener depth to width ratios (d_s/b_s) to determine an optimal stiffener configuration. Further, various parametric studies are conducted on an obtained optimal stiffened panel to understand the effect of cutout size, cutout orientation, panel aspect ratio, and boundary conditions. Finally, from the analysis, it can be observed that the arrangement of the stiffener attached to a panel has a major impact on the buckling capacity of the stiffened panel. The stiffener's depth to width ratio also significantly influences the buckling characteristic.