• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.365-376
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study aims to develop and apply programs in agriculture and life sciences for promoting divergent thinking in STEAM using classroom wall gardens. The process of the STEAM program such as presentation of the situation, creative design, and success experience is proposed to utilize STEAM education as a distinguished program. Methods: Four types of classroom wall gardens were used in this program, such as the 'plaster pot wall garden', 'attachable LED wall garden'. 'coffee pack wall garden', and 'hanging wall garden' for each classroom. For this purpose, official letters were sent to relevant institutions (elementary schools) specified by the research institute, and classes were conducted on the selected elementary school students. Results: A satisfaction survey and effect analysis were conducted on the students participating in the program. The program was designed to take a total of 11 hours, comprised of teaching plans including the topics, purpose of production, subject outlines, learning goals, and elements of STEAM subjects and stages. Conclusion: According to the survey on student satisfaction and understanding, it was found that students participating in the program have a high level of understanding and participation, as well as increased interest in science. Also, the program helped the students to connect with other subject areas. The level of student satisfaction was especially high in the upper grades. It is believed that the results of this research contribute to the development of STEAM education programs in agriculture and life sciences as well as other subject areas.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.158-164
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• 2002

The properties of new porous carbon materials "Woodceramics" are affected by the characteristics of raw boards. To investigate of density profile and resin contents in impregnated boards, control board and 3 types of steam-injected boards were made by steam injection time, The wood species used for manufacturing boards was Sugi(Cryptomeria japonica). The results are as follows: 1) The density gradient of board after 10 minutes steam injection was the smallest and non-steamed board was largest. 2) The resin content and dimensional rise decreased with increase of board density, and were the largest in board after 10minutes steam injection but there was little difference between boards after 5 and 10 minutes steam injection.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.709-714
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• 2022

The color change of the success of the steam sterilization indicator used in steam sterilization is currently being read by relying on the human eye. The result of color change on the success of sterilization can only be accurately read and judged by trained personnel. Developed an automatic reading system for steam sterilization indicators for the current human-dependent system, and developed an automatic reading device system for reading methods that were previously relied on with the human eye to develop a system that is more accurate and easier for anyone to read.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.73.3-73.3
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 PEST 방법론을 적용한 STEAM 프로그램 개발 및 적용에 대한 효과성을 알아보는 창의교육을 위한 연구이다. 특히, 이 연구는 과학문화 소외지역에 대한 이동천문대 활용 STEAM 프로그램을 개발하여 이에 대한 학생들의 수업효과 및 만족도를 알아보는 연구로, 과학 문화에 소외된 지역의 학생들에게 천문에 대한 흥미를 주어 향후 천문과학의 올바른 과학적 개념을 이해하고 미래 직업으로서 천문관련 분야에 관심을 갖도록 하는 데 있다. 이 연구에서 개발한 STEAM 프로그램은 관련분야 전문가 5명이 한국천문연구원을 통해 이동천문대 교육 프로그램에 대한 지속적인 연구와 PEST 방법론 적용 및 소외지역에 대한 현장 적합성 연구를 5회의 워크숍과 전문가 타당화회의와 Pilot test를 통해 최종 STEAM 프로그램을 개발하였다. 이 연구에서 개발된 STEAM 프로그램의 적용 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이 연구에서 개발된 이동천문대는 모든 학생들에게 천문에 대한 호기심을 자극하는 긍정적인 효과를 나타내었다. 둘째, 이 프로그램은 총 11시간의 PEST 방법을 적용한 프로그램으로, '상황제시 1차시, 감성적 체험 5차시, 창의적 설계 5차시로 구성되어 과학문화 소외지역 학생들에게 높은 수업 만족도를 나타내었다. 따라서 PEST 방법을 적용한 이동천문대 STEAM 프로그램은 학습자의 천문과학에 대한 과학적 소양과 과학적 본성을 불러일으키는데 매우 긍정적인 효과를 나타낼 것으로 사료되며, 추후 연구에서 다양한 학년과 지역 및 위계에 따른 프로그램의 개발과 적용될 필요가 있다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.1513-1525
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• 2024

An improved mitigation system for thermally-induced steam generator tube rupture accidents was introduced to prevent direct environmental release of fission products bypassing the containment in the OPR1000. This involves injecting bypassed steam into the containment, cooling, and decontaminating it using a water coolant tank. To evaluate its performance, a severe accident analysis was performed using the MELCOR 2.2 code for OPR1000. Simulation results show that the proposed system sufficiently prevented the release of radioactive nuclides (RNs) into the environment via containment injection. The pool scrubbing system effectively decontaminated the injected RN and consequently reduced the aerosol mass in the containment atmosphere. However, the decay heat of the collected RNs causes re-vaporization. To restrict the re-vaporization, an external water source was considered, where the decontamination performance was significantly improved, and the RNs were effectively isolated. However, due to the continuous evaporation of the feed water caused by decay heat, a substantial amount of steam is released into the containment. Despite the slight pressurization inside the containment by the injected and evaporated steam, the steam decreased the hydrogen mole fraction, thereby reducing the possibility of ignition.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.93-99
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• 2020

With the development of digital technology and the increasing demand for learning how to improve one's ability to solve problems through play and participation interactions, a variety of edutainment game contents are being developed. The edutainment game contents developed until recently have received a large number of contents for intelligence development and transfer of knowledge such as Korean and English mathematics for children and children. Recently, there have been various researches on the necessity and effect of STEAM education that foster convergent science and technology talents with comprehensive thinking ability and scientific inquiry spirit through the fusion education method among the subjects including science, technology, engineering, mathematics, And there is a growing need for the development of a parish suitable for STEAM education. However, there is a lack of STEAM educational content development that incorporates the technology of creative convergence talent training to develop talented people who can think and solve problems by crossing various academic boundaries. Therefore, this study develops game contents for early childhood education by combining STEAM education which foster convergent science and technology talents with comprehensive thinking ability and scientific inquiry spirit. And we designed and implemented STEAM game contents for infant learning education which can induce the interest of children and have fun by using gyroscope sensor of smartphone.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.550-561
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of science academic achievement, inquiry ability, scientific attitude of students using the STEAM Learning Program. To verify about the effects of science-based STEAM program, a teaching plan and worksheet for students based on STEAM has been constructed and applied. The subjects of this program were the first grade students of both an experimental class(34 students) and a comparative class (34 students) located in Kyonggi Province. The results of this study were as follows: First, there is a significant difference in inquiry ability between two groups. STEAM Learning program accomplished higher achievement than traditional science instruction. Second, STEAM Learning program influenced science academic achievement positively. Third, there is a statistically significant effect on scientific attitude of students than traditional instruction. In conclusion, the STEAM Learning Program was useful to develop the elementary school student's inquiry ability, scientific attitude.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.185-198
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• 2017

In this study, the researches published in Korea during the six years since 2011, when the STEAM started in earnest, were classified by year, content, type, subject, and center area. in 2011, when STEAM was launched, it was hard to find relevant articles, but it has been increasing rapidly since 2013. The number of articles published by the contents was development application 650(48.9%), effect analysis 394(29.6%), theory contents 179(13.5%), and actual condition recognition 107(8.0%). The number of articles published by research type were quantitative research 347(34.7%), qualitative research 274 (27.4%), mixed research 379(37.9%). The number of articles published by research subjects was 435(40.2%) for elementary school, 209(19.4%) for middle school, 151(14.0%) for high school, 150(13.9%) for literature, 88(8.1%) for teacher, 19(1.8%) for child, 11(1.0%) for preliminary teacher, 9(0.8%) for university and 9(0.8%) for Public. The percentage of research centered on science is the highest of 383(33.2%), while the research on art, technology, and mathematics is also 266(23.0%), 161(13.9%), 152(13.2%). In elementary science, the articles related to STEAM education showed a tendency to decrease in 2014, unlike overall trends, and it mainly conducted research on development and application, effect analysis, and preferred mixed research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.412-417
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of steam-drying method on physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of Alliun hookeri root (AHR). Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash contents of raw and steam-dried AHRs were 10.91~14.15%, 11.14~13.49%, 0.83~3.02%, and 7.55~8.98%, respectively. Sulfur contents of steam-dried AHRs were 2.0 and 2.2 times lower than that of raw AHR (0.51%), respectively. pH and total sugar contents of AHRs were reduced by steam-drying, whereas titrate acidity and browning intensity were increased. The L and b values of AHRs in Hunter's value were also reduced, but a value was increased by steam-drying. Among hot water extracts from raw and steam-dried AHRs, four times steam-drying showed the lowest $EC_{50}$ values (0.44, 9.01, and 0.48 mg/mL, respectively) in DPPH radical assay, ABTS radical assay, and reducing power, whereas four times steam-drying had the highest total phenolic content ($34.47{\mu}g/mg$) and browning intensity (2.05 and 0.20 at 280 and 420 nm, respectively). The antioxidant activities of hot water extracts from raw and steam-dried AHRs were closely correlated with their total phenolic contents and browning intensity, showing coefficient of determination ($R^2$) values higher than 0.87. From the results, we suggest that steam-drying method could be used as an effective process for increasing the antioxidant activity of AHR.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.341-362
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop a STEAM education model on the basis of mathematics curriculum using real life context, and to analyze the effect of the class based on developed model to make applicable pedagogical discussion. For this purpose, STEAM class materials that can be used in terms of recognition, connection, extension, and application of mathematical concepts, principles and laws are considered, taking into consideration the ways in which real life contexts and mathematical learning could be harmonized. As a results of using these materials, it was empirically confirmed that students' cognitive thinking and affective aspects abilities were improved. The STEAM instruction centered on the mathematics curriculum and the mathematics class based on the data developed in this study have a unique identity compared to the conventional general mathematics teaching methods using the textbooks. And it is pursuing the future class model which could present desirable creativity and personality education. The result of this study would provide preliminary data and meaningful implications to the researchers for next curriculum and concomitant instructional materials as well as the mathematics teachers.