• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제13권9호
• /
• pp.4326-4333
• /
• 2012

새만금 방조제 건설기간에 해당하는 2001년부터 2010년까지 10년간 새만금 수역에서 식물플랑크톤 현존량을 조사하였다. 식물플랑크톤 현존량은 조사 시기 및 조사 정점에 따라 57 - 85,219 cells/ml의 큰 변화를 보였다. 새만금호 내부 수역은 담수 및 해수의 유입량 변화와 계절변화에 기인하여 식물플랑크톤 현존량이 시공간적으로 변화하였다. 한편, 담수 정점들은 상시적으로 높은 현존량이 기록되어 녹조발생이 잦았으나 방조제 밖 해수역의 현존량은 보편적 범위에 있어왔다. 장기적 관점에서 방조제 물막이 공사 완공(2006년 4월)을 전후하여 비교할 때 식물플랑크톤 현존량의 큰 변화는 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.245-252
• /
• 2000

Model tests on free standing pile groups and piled footings with varying a pile spacing in two layered soils are carried out. The influence of pile cap on the behaviors of end bearing pile groups is analyzed by comparing the bearing behavior in piled footings with those in a single pile, a shallow footing(cap alone) and free standing pile groups. From the test results, it is found that the bearing characteristics of cap-soil-pile system are related with load levels and pile spacings. Before yield, the bearing resistance by cap is not fully mobilized, however, as the applied load increases, the bearing resistance of cap approaches to that of cap alone and settlement hardening occurs after yield due to the compaction caused by the contact pressure between cap and soil. By the cap-soil-pile interaction, shaft friction and point resistance of piles considerably increase with dependency of pile spacings. In two layered soil, the increasing effect of dilatancy in dense sandy soil adjacent to pile tips, increases the point resistance of pile.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.1059-1064
• /
• 2001

This study is aimed at diagnosing transmutation aspect with the respective of hemiplegia patient's static adaptation of posture which is influenced by anti-gravity excercise, center of gravity shifting movement and segmental movement adaption of the legs and arms by key-point control in the process of Bobatli's treatment approach. The patients for the investigation of this study were selected as a total 17 patients who were doing the physical-therapy in Tae-gu Rehabilitation Center, and diagnosed as hemiplegia patients by Rehabilitation Medicine department in Kyung-buk University hospital. And also, there investigated into temporal transition that keep the attitude with one-leg standing on the ground concerning static attitude adaption on the basis of the before of anti-gravity movement and the after of 4-weeks movement. The findings of this study were as follows: With the respective the time to keep standing pose by one-leg at static attitude transmutation, affected side showed meaningful differences as a l.86/sec, 2.62/sec at 4 weeks later considering the before and after of this experiment.(p<0.01), non-affected side at the aspect of attitude keeping time, but there didn't showed meaningful differences statistically.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.195-203
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 사람의 사용자 전신을 촬영한 이미지를 분석하여, 사용자별 움직임에 대한 정상 가동 범위를 영상으로 디스플레이(display)하는 운동 트레이닝 시스템 구축에 관한 것이다. 본 연구는 입점(立點, standing point)을 기준으로 사용자 전신의 정면과 측면을 촬영하는 카메라부(C), 그리고 카메라부의 촬영 이미지를 분석하여 인체의 관절 위치에 노드(node)를 설정하고, 입점을 원점으로 하는 공간좌표계에 노드를 배치하여 그 사용자의 노드 좌표값을 도출하는 이미지 분석부(I·A)와 이미 설정된 표준 노드 좌표값에 매칭된 운동 동작별 정상 노드 가동범위를 사용자 노드 좌표값에 맞추어 보정하여, 상기에서 언급한 사용자 노드 정상 가동 상태를 정면 영상과 측면 영상으로 생성하여 디스플레이하는 재생부(R·P)를 포함하고 있는 시스템으로 구성된다. 따라서 연구의 방법으로는 주요선행연구와 자료조사를 통해 선행 연구와의 차별성을 기할 수 있는 방법을 제시했으며, 이에 따른 운동 트레이닝 시스템을 구축하고자 하는데 연구의 목적을 둔 것이다.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.831-850
• /
• 2023

Our long-standing Metatheorem in Ordered Fixed Point Theory is applied to some well-known order theoretic fixed point theorems. In the first half of this article, we introduce extended versions of the Zermelo fixed point theorem, Zorn's lemma, and the Caristi fixed point theorem based on the Brøndsted-Jachymski principle and our 2023 Metatheorem. We show some of their applications to other fixed point theorems or theorems on the existence of maximal elements in partially ordered sets. In the second half, we collect and improve order theoretic fixed point theorems in the collection of Howard-Rubin in 1991 and others. In fact, we improve or extend several ordering principles or fixed point theorems due to Brézis-Browder, Brøndsted, Knaster-Tarski, Tarski-Kantorovitch, Turinici, Granas-Horvath, Jachymski, and others.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제27권7호
• /
• pp.357-364
• /
• 2008

정상파와 초고주파 집속 빔을 이용한 초음파 음향집게의 개발 가능성을 타진하는 것을 목적으로, 수중에 놓인 미세입자의 위치를 제어할 수 있는 시스템을 구축하였다. 그 시스템은 입자를 평면 정상파의 방사력에 의해 1차적으로 포획하여 집속 빔의 초점 부근으로 이동시킨 다음, 초고주파 집속 빔의 방사력을 이용하여 2차적으로 포획하는 것이다. 구축된 시스템에 의해 구형 미세 입자의 위치제어 실험을 행한 결과, 정상파 음장에서는 음압의 마디에 입자가 잘 포획되었으며, 주파수의 조정에 의해 그 입자를 임의 위치로 이등조작이 가능하였다. 그리고 단일의 초고주파 집속 빔에 의해서는 음원으로부터 멀어지는 방향으로만 구동력이 작용하나, 2개의 대항하는 집속 빔을 사용할 경우 그 중심 부근에 포획됨을 알았다.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제40권11호
• /
• pp.193-205
• /
• 2002

To evaluate farmers' workload during harvesting grapes in summer, this study investigated farmers' physiological, psychological responses, work postures and thermal environment around in the field. This field study was conducted in the Anseong County of Kyonggi Province at the end of August. Five career farmers (1 male, 4 females) volunteered as subjects. Three of them were over their sixties. During harvesting grapes in the field, physiological responses were monitored continuously. 1. Air temperature (T/sub a/), air humidity(H/sub a/), black globe temperature(T/sub g/), air velocity and WBGT around the grape field were 26.9℃, 77.7%RH, 32.8℃, 0.08㎧ and 26.3℃, respectively. Because farmers started the harvesting task in early morning, thermal environments weren't conditions to give farmers severe heat strain. 2. The percentage of the work postures was larger in order of standing, walking, and bending one's back posture. Particularly, the percentage of standing posture with raising both arms above shoulder of two farmers was up to 29% and 61% of the total work duration. 3. Rectal temperature (T/sub re/), mean skin temperature (T/sub sk/), clothing microclimate temperature (T/sub cl/) on the chest and the back, heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure (EE) were 37.2℃, 33.1℃, 32.0℃, 32.4℃, 88bpm and 1.3 Kca1/㎡/min respectively. In the point of these physiological results, we evaluated that the harvesting task was a moderate work. 4. All farmers expressed‘hard, hot, humid and slightly uncomfortable’ at the end of works for each subjective questionnaire. The grape harvesting tasks were not evaluated as a very hard work in the point of physiological work standards. But we considered 1) inappropriate work posture (standing posture with raising both arms above shoulder) and 2) farmers' age as burden factors. These findings suggest that adding adequate protective clothing/equipments for farmers may contribute to maintain their body temperature within the normal range, stabilize HR and decrease psychological strain.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.437-444
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to suggest appropriate human model for ergonomic evaluation considering working postures on 3D space. Background: Traditionally extreme design rules have been widely utilized at the stage of designing products. Body size of 5th percentile and 95th percentile in stature has been generally selected for controllability and clearance evaluation, respectively. However, these rules had limitations in reflecting working posture in ergonomic evaluation. Method: In order to define working posture on 3D space, not only sagittal plane but also lateral plane was considered. Kinematic linkage body model was utilized for representation of working posture. By utilizing the anthropometric data of 2,836 South Korean male populations, the point cloud for end points of linkage models was derived. The individuals who were lacking in certain controllability were selected as human models for the evaluation. Result: In case of standing posture it was found that conventional approach is proper for all controllability evaluations. Contrary to standing posture, tall people had less controllability on control location below shoulder point in sitting posture. Conclusion: From the derived proper range on controllability, ergonomic evaluation rule was suggested according to working posture especially in standing and sitting. Application: The results of the study are expected to aid in selection of appropriate human model for ergonomic evaluation and to improve the usability of products and work space.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the symmetrical scapular alignment on the weight bearing of hemiplegic patients in the standing position. Methods: PALM (PALpation Meter) test and Gaitview AFA-50 were used to measure the skeletal alignment of the scapula and the weight bearing loaded on the affected and unaffected sides before and after training. The data was analyzed using a paired t-test on the SPSS 12.0 program for descriptive statistics. A p value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean difference in the scapular alignments on sup. & mid. & inf. area in the hemiplegic side before and after training was $0.93\pm0.50cm$ and $0.58\pm0.43cm$, respectively. There was a significant decrease after training rather than that before (p<0.05). The mean weight bearing on the foot area in the hemiplegic patients before and after training was $9.12\pm5.51N/cm^2$ and $4.36\pm4.11N/cm^2$, respectively,. There was a significant decrease after training rather than that before (p<0.05). The scapuar alignments and weight bearing data on the standing position were grouped around the average (to central point) in the distribution graph. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the symmetrical scapular alignment can serve as an effective means of improving the weight bearing ability of hemiplegic patients.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.455-463
• /
• 2003

저질의 부유 현상이 일련의 쇄파라고 하는 파동 현상에 어떠한 형태로 연동하는가를 면밀히 조사하기 위하여 현지해안의 쇄파대내에 주 관측지점을 설치하고 부유사 농도와 유속, 수위변동 등의 관련 파랑 제원을 계측하였다. 분석을 위해 수위변동, 유속변동치의 부유사 농도에 대한 상관관계를 조사하였으며, 상관이 탁월한 주기대에 대한 ensemble 평균 분석으로 유속 및 수위변동의 위상에 따른 부유사 농도의 변화와의 관계를 명백히 하여 다음의 결론을 얻었다. 1) 부유사의 농도 변동은 유속 및 수위변동의 에너지가 가장 큰 장주기 성분(100s)에 있어서 보다 오히려, 관측지점이 절(node)이 되는 1차mode의 장주기중복파(60s) 및 배(anti-node)가 되는 2차 mode의 중복파(30s)의 주기성분에서 상관이 높았으며, 2)또한, 1차 mode의 장주기중복파의 유속 성분이 해안으로 향하여 가속하는 위상 즉, 수면 경사가 상대적으로 해안선측보다 외해측이 높은 위상에서 부유사 농도가 가장 높아짐을 명백히 하였다.