• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the elevations of standard rural house designs after the 1990's. Various types of analysis were carried out on a total of 18 different sizes and 50 types of designs with p'yong sizes ranging from 12 to 44. The objects of analysis are the various elevations & the roof types that were supplied in the standard rural house design according to each year 1995 (8 sizes 20 types), 1997 (8 sizes 8 types), 1998 (l size 8 types), 2000 (2 sizes 4 types), 2001 (2 sizes 4 types), and 2004 (3 sizes 6 types). Results from the analysis demonstrate that (1) The gable roof has been used as the roofing type for standard rural house design since 1990. However the roof types of the standard rural house design includes only a few different types of gable roofs and roof materials(most roof types use asphalt shingle). (2) While most front elevations have been altered from asymmetrical to symmetrical most rear elevations have evolved from symmetrical to asymmetrical proportions since the 1990's (3) While siding materials and red-brick were most commonly used the main outer-wall materials prior to 2000, environmentally-friendly materials have been used as outer-wall materials since 2000. (4) In terms of the analysis of outer-wall objects before 2000 the walls were even, yet after 2000 these outer-walls evolved to become concave-convex walls. In other words, the evolution of the outer-wall has included a variety of wall types.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.475-484
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to suggest the standard sizing system and grading rules according to body types of elderly women. The data were the anthropometric measurements of 329 women aged 60 and older measured in 2001. To determine the effective and useful clothing sizing system, the distribution of hip girth and bust girth of 3 body types which were suggested in KS K 0055 was analyzed, and the significant difference among adjoining hip girth ranges was analyzed, too. And the sizes of major body parts that were used for manufacturing clothing were made to have regular interval between each clothing sizes. From this study, we certified that each different sizing system for 3 body types to manufacture more suitable clothing for elderly women was necessary and suggested the standard size for each body type. And we also suggested the patternmaking sizes that were needed to manufacture ready-made clothing. On the basis of standard size, we suggested the grading rules for 3 body types. And we verified the propriety of the grading rules for 3 body types through the fitting test, and we knew that the grading rules for 3 body types of this study was very useful to manufacture clothing for elderly women.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

The Rural Housing Standard Plans for improving the quality of life and housing stability in rural areas has been developed 87 types from 1994 to 2012. However, some types of Plans do not satisfy the current legal standard in accordance with social and legal changes. Standard plans has the same effect as a building permit, and replace it, so legal suitability of Plans is an important. Therefore, it is required the suitability analysis on the legal standards of Rural Housing Standard Plans. The Purpose of this study is to derive improper types and items of the Rural Housing Standard Plans on the legal standards. In this study, we analyzed its suitability on the legal standards(law on fire-fighting system installation and safety management, energy saving design criteria for buildings, structural checklist for small buildings, the types of drawing for building permit) in accordance with "rules for the operation of standard plans". And we analyzed the utilization of the Rural Housing Standard Plans through downloads from welchon portal.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.3_4
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• pp.429-440
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to classify the types of men's shoulders through the criteria which represent the characteristic of men's shoulders. In addition, we introduce new bodice patterns depending on our classification. We have the fo11owing conclusions based on our sample size of 200 men's shoulders: 1. The result of factor analysis indicates that six factors are extracted and they consist of 62.3% of total variance. We then choose three factors as standard items for our classification of the shape of men's shoulders. 2. We divide the shape of shoulders into three categories: bent, slopeness, and thickness. Each category is divided into three subcategories. (a) Bent: If one's shoulders are bent forward or backward, then we call them front or back-bent type. Otherwise, they are called standard-bent type. (b) Slopeness: If one's shoulders have an easy or steep slope, then we call them easy or steep slope type. Or else, they are called standard slope type. (c) Thickness: If one's shoulders are thick or thin, then we call them thick or thin type. Otherwise, we call them standard thick type. 3. According to the frequency based on our data entries of 200 men's shoulders, we introduce five new types of men's shoulders. 76.5% of examined men's shoulders belong to one of these five types: (a) 8.0% of standard slope and back-bent type: (b) 9.5% of easy slope and standard-bent type; (c) 45.5% of standard slope and standard-bent type; (d) 5.5% of steep slope and standard-bent type; (e) 8.0% of standard slope and back-bent type. 4. The suitability of new basic bodice patterns based on the types of men's shoulders are demonstrated by the high approval rate of the subjects who participate in testing.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.777-783
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• 1998

Antigenic types of 114 Salmonella pullorum and 152 Salmonella gallinarum field isolates were evaluated. All 3 antigenic types were identified among field isolates of S pullorum by factor-serum analysis but the majority of them were standard type(90.4%). Of the 114 S pullorum isolates, only eight(7.0%) were intermediate type and 3(2.6%) were variant type. Using the ammonium sulfate precipitation(ASP) test, one-hundred and three(90.4%) S pullorum isolates were standard type, while intermediate and variant types were 8.4% and 1.4%, respectively. One-hundred and fifty-two S gallinarum isolates were identified as standard type by ASP test and serological analysis. According to the random amplified polymorphisms of DNA(RAPD) patterns, most of S pullorum isolates were differentiated with 3 types in their fragment-patterns. No correlations were found between SDS-PAGE profiles and antigenic types of S pullorum isolates.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.113-124
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• 1987

The objective of this study was to disclose the problem of structural safety and the state of utilization of standard types of plastic film house through investigation of actural state of plastic greenhouses for the southern part of the Korean peninsula. And also, the application method of standard types were proposed. The results obtained are summarized as follows 1. Plastic film houses investigated were not designed by the structural design conditions of loads and materials. 2.The construction method of greenhouses was not standardized. 3.Single type of standard greenhouses was nearly used and double types were applied to the standard type. 4.The standard frames of plastic film house were appeared to have structural lack of stability at the design snow and wind loads for most regions. 5.Safety snow depths and safety wind velocities were proposed for the frame intervals and pipe diameters of standard greenhouses.

• MALSORI
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• no.21_24
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• pp.43-89
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• 1992

In this thesis, the prominent aspect of word accent in standard Korean is studied by auditory test and acoustic analysis experiment. The definition of 'accent' is, following Hoyoung Lee's discussion(1990), to be described as 'the means whereby a focused part of an utterance is made to stand out in order to concentrate the hearer's attention on it.' That is to say, the ten of 'accent' may be described in terms of phonological phenomenon and the accented syllable can be phonetically prominent as the result of those phonological process. Prosodic features may have different characteristics in different languages whether they contain linguistically important functions or not. Thus the characteristics of word accent in standard Korean will be determined as the content and trait of prosodic features. Following this viewpoint, present study looked over prosodic features which may effect the characteristics of word accent in standard Korean, through systematic experimental procedure. And the result of this experiment has been verified by statistical method, the T-test, for the purpose of identifying the relatedness among prosodic features(parameters). This thesis, therefore, aimed to investigate the intrinsic acoustic and physical qualities of the word accent in standard Korean. Nonsense words composed by 'mal' and 'ma' which can be divided into 'heavy syllable' and 'light syllable' quoted from Hyman(1975) have been classified into 28 types with respect to syllable numbers(2 syl., 3 sy1., 4 syl.) and these words have become the target of auditory test and acoustic experiment. As the result of those experimental Procedures, the word accent in standard Korean may be said that it has a tendency of fixing first two syllables regardless of syllable numbers. The syllable types of HH, HL, LL in the first two syllables may be prominent at first syllable and the type of H may be at second syllable. Various prosodic features(parameters) including duration, intensity, and Fo(purely phonetic terms) were also strengthened in those positions. The result of this experiment can be cleared up like these : 1. The most important feature is proved as 'duration', the feature of intensity resulted in more subsidiary one than the feature of duration. 2. Fo( fundamental frequency) could be observed as having some coherent contour through almost all syllable types(99 ％), that is, in 2 syllable types, it had rising contour, in 2 syllable types, rising-falling contour, and in 4 syllable types, it contained rising-falling-rising contour. The result of auditory test was different with those contour forms of all Fo surveyed. With respect to these results, the discuss for Fo is determined' to be excluded comparing other features. 3. Finally, this thesis resulted in a decision that the word accent in standard Korean may has fixed(somewhat weaker) accent, especially fixed at first two syllables in almost all words. 4. Various kinds of syllable types related with 2,3,4 syllables, therefore, can be reclassified into 4 types of HH, HL, LH, LL following the concept of accent fixing placement(i.e. first two syllables). In these 4 types, the types of HH, HL, LL were prominent at the position of the first syllable , and the type of LH was prominent at the second syllable otherwise.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.332-345
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• 2011

This research designed usable standard color chart which was planned by hue and tone color system. This research studied 5 types standard color chart by designed tone map and preceding research. "Basic Color Chart 14 Colors" was planned for kindergarteners. "Primary Color Chart 63 Colors" was planned for schoolboys. "Middle Grade Color Chart 114 Colors" was planned for junior high school students. "High Grade Color Chart 152 Colors" was planned for senior high school students. "Hue and Tone 205 Colors" was planned for university students and general publics. These 5 types standard color chart were produced the trial color coordinate card and attached the Munsell notation which could reappear the spare color paper when needed. These 5 types standard color chart would be offered the data base for efficient color coordinate education as school age.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.253-269
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• 2023

Oriented strand board (OSB) distributed in Korea was collected, and its mechanical properties were investigated according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Japanese Industrial Standards, and Korean Design Standard. Ten types of OSBs were collected, including six types for walls and others for floors. The thickness swelling, moisture content, and density of each product satisfied the ISO standards. All products showed lower formaldehyde emission values than those of the SE0 grade. The internal bonding strengths of all products, except products B, H, and I, met the ISO standards. However, products A, B, C, F, and H did not satisfy the thickness swelling standard of the load-bearing OSB for use in dry conditions. Products D and G showed heavy duty load-bearing OSB for use in humid conditions in terms of internal bonding and bending strength after boiling. In the nail head pull-through force and lateral nail resistance tests, all products met the standards. In terms of the structural bending performance (four points), the six types of OSBs for walls satisfied the standard for bending strength and modulus of elasticity. All the products for flooring met the standard for bending strength but, except for product G, the products did not meet the standard for modulus of elasticity. Although the results of this study cannot represent the performance of all imported OSBs, considering the above results, the water resistance performance of seven types of OSB products did not meet the standard, and 10 types of products did not match the labeling grades.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.1 s.110
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• pp.39-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristics of each of the types of Seon which was expressed in costume of worldly figures illustrated in Koryo Buddhist paintings. The types of 'Seon' are largely classified into Standard and Application types. Among these types, standard type are reclassified into the types of same color and no pattern, different color and no pattern, same color and pattern and different color and pattern. And Application type is reclassified into the types of Buseon, wrinkle, feather and leaf, Regarding styles of Seon, most costumes for men and women used Seon of Standard style, especially that of different color and no pattern style. In addition, costumes for men more often used Seon of Standard style, especially that of different color and pattern style. While, costumes far women more often used Seon of application style, especially that of feather or wrinkle style. Seon was practically used to reinforce the edge of clothes, whether for men or women, and at the same time, and at the same time decorated the clothes brilliantly. In regard to aesthetic qualities of clothes in accordance with types of Seon, clothes having Seon of same color and no pattern type was natural and simple and different color and no pattern type, artificial and simple, same color and pattern type, natural and brilliant and different color and pattern type, artificial and brilliant. And costumes having Seon of Buseon type was decorative and simple, wrinkle type, sophisticated and dynamic, feather type, voluminous and dynamic and leaf type, brilliant and dynamic.