• Journal of Radiation Industry
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.101-110
• /
• 2023

Radiation and radioisotopes have a high value in terms of utilization that can be used in convergence with various fields. However, due to the specificity of radiation, the use of radiation and radioisotopes is more difficult than in other industrial fields and also involves complex regulations. There are no clear industrial technology standards in these fields. Therefore, the growth of the radiation industry, especially including small companies, is being delayed. Since industrial technology standards play an important role in providing an institutional basis for the continuous development and settlement of domestic technology, the development of technical standards for the radiation and radioisotope industries can lead to systematic growth of the domestic radiation industry. To this end, the technology classification of the radiation industry was promoted and classified into 7 major categories, and detailed classification was divided according to the characteristics of each technology. In addition, a demand and perception survey on the need for industrial technology standards was conducted on RI licensed institutions and companies, and as a result, 61.4% responded that it was necessary, and in particular, they recognized the need for radiation safety(63.3%). In this paper, the technical classification for the radiation field is presented as the first step in the development of industrial technical standards for the radiation industry. In addition, the plan of the current status information and preparation of standard procedures of each category will be discussed.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.102-112
• /
• 2024

An organoid is a self-organized three-dimensional structure derived from stem cells that mimics the structure, cell composition, and functional characteristics of specific organs and tissues and is used for evaluating the safety and effectiveness of drugs and the toxicity of industrial chemicals. Organoid technology is a new methodology that could replace testing on animals testing and accelerate development of precision and regenerative medicine. However, large variations in production can occur between laboratories with low reproducibility of the production process and no internationally agreed standards for quality evaluation factors at endpoints. To overcome these barriers that hinder the regulatory acceptance and commercialization of organoids, Korea established the Organoid Standards Initiative in September 2023 with various stakeholders, including industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and standard development experts, through public and private partnerships. This developed general guidelines for organoid manufacturing and quality evaluation and for quality evaluation guidelines for organoid-specific manufacturing for the liver, intestines, and heart through extensive evidence analysis and consensus among experts. This report is based on the common standard guideline v1.0, which is a general organoid manufacturing and quality evaluation to promote the practical use of organoids. This guideline does not focus on specific organoids or specific contexts of use but provides guidance to organoid makers and users on materials, procedures, and essential quality assessment methods at end points that are essential for organoid production applicable at the current technology level.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.95-107
• /
• 2008

Objectives : Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang(HNHDT) is the one of well-known traditional herbal formula and has been widely used for the treatment of various diseases in Korea. For the quality improvement of commercial traditional herbal formula, we investigated the quality of prepared HNHDT. Methods: We measured the contents of baicalin, berberine and geniposide in the HNHDT Ex preparations on the market by HPLC and compared with the official notice of ingredients. Results: In 3 preparations of HNHDT covered with the national health insurance(NHI), the content of baicalin was various from 32.83mg to 185.05mg, the total berberine was $12.0{\sim}50.75mg$ and geniposide was $12.57{\sim}44.84mg$. Contents of marker ingredients in NHI Preparations were below the standard and showed a large variation. In 7 non NHI Preparations of HNHDT and the standard(STD) HNHDT manufactured in laboratory, the content of baicalin was $37.16{\sim}115.69mg$, the total berberine was $5.62{\sim}28.43mg$ and geniposide was $10.98{\sim}113.47mg$. But, because composition of non-NHI preparations is different from NHI preparations, every maker's contents were up to the notice for baicalin and berberine. There was newly enforced standard regulations of geniposide in non-NHI preparations, so contents of geniposide was up to that standard only in JI and STD. Conclusions: There was a large variation of contents in the HNHDT Ex preparations on the market and the quality differences were existed between NHI and non-NHI preparations of HNHDT. Further studies for evaluation of efficacy differences and standardization of manufacturing processes are necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.94-103
• /
• 2004

The generation of construction waste has increased continuously in the recent years, becoming an important social issue. In this paper, the generation and treatment of construction waste in Korea was reviewed and a comparative analysis was performed between Korea and developed countries to suggest some efficient recycling strategies. The generation of construction waste has increased 4 times from 10 million ton/yr in 1996 to 40.3 million ton/yr in 2002. Of the construction waste generated in 2002, concrete debris waste occupied 60.4%. Approximately 14.5% of the construction waste is landfilled, 2,0% incinerated and 83.4% recycled, then the recycling rate might be relatively high. However, there is room for increasing landfill diversion. It is somewhat important to strenghten incentives for the outstanding recycling business. It is also needed to improve the recycled aggregate quality standard and impurity content standard. It is desirable to toughen the facility standard for the recycling aggregate business and the quality standard for the intermediate treatment business. Also, market for the intermediate product of the recycled aggregate should be activated. Finally, more recycling-oriented regulations governing the construction waste has to be developed with the efficient public education program.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.409-420
• /
• 2017

The amount of ventilation required in making the tunnel ventilation plan is an important factor for determining the capacity of the ventilation system. The amount of pollutant emission for each type of vehicle (basic emission amount for the design of ventilation volume) for estimating the required ventilation amount is based on the 'Standard for Allowing the Emission for the car manufacturing', proposed by Ministry of Environment. However, in 2013, the Ministry of Environment announced the 'Regulations on the calculation method of total emissions from vehicles' as a regulation for calculating the pollutants emitted from vehicles. In this regulation, there are the 'Emission factors for each type of vehicle'. Therefore, it is necessary to review the application of the Regulation to the estimation of the required ventilation volume for the road tunnel. In this study, the influence of the strengthened emission regulation in 2015 caused by the case of manipulation of emission volume for the diesel vehicle on the calculation of the required ventilation volume in the road tunnel has been checked. In addition, in this study, the required ventilation volume calculated according to the Standard for Allowing the Emission for the car manufacturing revised by Ministry of Environment and "Emission factors for each type of vehicle" and that calculated according to the EURO emission standard were compared for analysis. This study has implications that it provides the basic design data for calculating the reasonable ventilation capacity of the ventilation system based on the ground for calculating the required ventilation volume.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.1007-1015
• /
• 2014

The importance of construction waste reusing and recycling is becoming increasingly large because the demolition industry is in current trend to pursue for sustainable growth. As the considering situation of the domestic housing construction and existing house, a scale of demolition industry is expected to be increased continuously. But the related cost regulations that are used in tendering in the demolition industry are insufficient, also the computer system for estimating the demolition costs have not been developed yet. Therefore, in this study suggests man-hours of 21EA items which are utilized to estimate demolition cost and work rate of $1.0m^3$ breaker which is used mostly in domestic demolition industry after analyzing a case study for deconstruction works. The computer system is developed for the estimating demolition cost easily, which are including five modules such as a project information, a unit cost management, a standard unit cost table, a bill of quantity, and a reporting system. This computer system is possible to apply for estimating cost of both mechanical demolition and blasting demolition. The biggest advantage of this system is to estimate cost to utilize standard WBS which is linked with standard unit table and each DB. This can help unskilled users use easily for it.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 2008

The 1st order level network of Korea was adjusted simultaneously in 1987. After that, the 1 st order level network of Korea was adjusted simultaneously by National Geographic Information Institute in 2006. The levelling data were acquired by digital level with invar staff from 2001 through 2006. The 1st order level network consists of 36 level lines. Among them, 34 level lines comprise 11 level loops. Among 36 level lines, 4 level lines have fore & back error larger than the regulations for the 1st order levelling of NGII, Korea. Also, the closing error of 3 loops of level network exceed the regulation for the 1st order levelling of NGII. The standard error of fore and back leveling between bench marks(${\eta}_1$) are distributed between 0.2 $mm/{\surd}km$ and 1.7 $mm/{\surd}km$. The standard error of loop closing(${\eta}_2$) is 2.0 $mm/{\surd}km$. This result means that the 1st order level network of Korea qualifies for the high precision leveling defined by International Geodetic Association in 1948. As the result of the 1st order level network adjustment, the reference standard error($\hat{{\sigma}_0}$) of the level network was 1.8 $mm/{\surd}km$, which is twice as good as that of the 1st adjustment of level networks in 1987.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.281-286
• /
• 2021

The International Maritime Organization recently proposed a policy to establish a preemptive response strategy for exhaust gas pollution on board ships according to the recent strengthening of the sulfur content regulations. Discussions on improving the fuel oil quality and reducing emissions are also ongoing. Fuel oil quality information, which is one of the main concerns internationally, is increasing as the sulfur content standard is being applied from the current 3.5% to 0.5% by 2020. From the perspective of shipping companies and recipients, the essential quality of fuel oil is also requested for domestic and international fuel oil information, basic properties, correlation information between characteristics for application of solid ships and ships. The current standard for the basic quality of fuel oil is generally used, but the nature and composition of the fuel oil are very complex, and the interpretation of the basic quality is complicated because there are many cases outside the scope of the basic standard. Various factors were analyzed for the basic quality of fuel oil in terms of the basic quality of fuel oil, optimization of operation in ships, and fuel efficiency in ships. Moreover, the possibility of applying the standard according to the dilution was suggested.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
• /
• v.8 no.7
• /
• pp.929-943
• /
• 2018

Together with the increase of public housing complex, the issues of community following residential environment under contemporary society has become an important issue and the collapse of traditional community has long been emerged as an important social issue. In order to facilitate communities within the public housing complex, various discussions have been continued, and for addressing such an issue under this study, the public housing complexes n Seoul, the capital region and other major cities have been surveyed and analyzed to draw following conclusion as the design-type study to propose a model of community facilities. It displays that there is certain limitation with respect to the diversity of programs when comparing the community facility standard defined under the public housing related laws and regulations. This is attributable to the fact that it is a limitation to satisfy the level of satisfaction for residents that expect the improvement in quality of leisure life, and the facility standard that is standardized around the physical facility environment has certain limitations to enhance the level of satisfaction for residents when the demand has been on the rise with respect to quality. For this fact, the approach in consideration of diversity for the facility standard has to be made in advance. As the utility of external space for the public housing is increased, it is reasonable to consider the plan to secure environment through the architectural factors, and it has the strength in enhancing the utility of internal and external space of the community facilities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.462-472
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to suggest the plans for installation of rural sewage treatment facilities through the analysis of these facilities installed in Chungchongnam-do Province. About 5% of all installation was carried out by the department of wastewater and related environment problems and the other case was carried out by the department of construction or residence. In wastewater caused by 250 and 300 persons, facilities capacity do not exceed about $50m^3/d$, caused by 2,500 and 3,000 persons, $500m^3/d$. Advanced sewage treatment process were first needed in the discharge area where affected the water environment greatly. However, in carrying out the water quality pollutant of the total amount management system in the other areas, they should be driven only over the scale of pollutant quota object facilities standard. Rural sewage must be included in the special accounts according to the regulations of local government, and sewage treatment cost should be collected to manage. Installation type uses integrating joint treatment method in case the distance among villages is short or one treatment facility independently.