• 재무관리연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.49-67
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• 2006

본 논문은 2005년 3월 2일부터 2005년 5월 30일까지 현물환율, 통화선물가격과 통화선물거래량의 일중자료 각각 4,473개를 사용하여 원/달러 통화선물의 가격예시 기능과 변동성 전이효과에 대해 연구하였다. 단위근 검정에서 현물환율과 통화선물가격은 단위근이 있는 불안정한 시계열이었지만, 공적분 검정에서 두 시계열이 장기적 균형관계를 이루고 있었다. 현물환수익률, 통화선물수익률, 통화선물거래량은 안정적인 시계열이었다. 나아가, 현물환수익률과 통화선물수익률의 변동성에 비대칭성이 존재하지 않았다. 이변량 GARCH 오차수정(BGARCH-EC) 모형의 평균방정식 분석결과, 통화선물수익률의 증가가 5분 후 현물환수익률을 증가시켰다. 이는 통화선물수익률이 현물환수익률을 선행한다는 것으로 가격예시 기능이 작동함을 의미한다. 또한 두 수익률이 이루는 장기적인 균형관계는 현물환수익률을 예측하는 데 도움이 될 수 있다. 분산방정식의 분석결과, 통화선물수익률에 기인하는 단기적 충격이 현물환수익률의 조건부 분산에 양의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 통화선물수익률이 현물환수익률에 대해서 변동성 전이효과를 가짐을 뜻한다. 통화선물거래량 더미 변수가 두 수익률에 대해 아무런 영향을 미치지 못했지만 두 수익률의 조건부 분산에 유의한 양의 영향을 미쳤다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2014

Objective : This study was conducted to clarify the association factors and clinical significance of the CT angiography (CTA) spot sign and hematoma growth in Korean patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods : We retrospectively collected the data of 287 consecutive patients presenting with acute ICH who arrived within 12 hours of ictus. Baseline clinical and radiological characteristics as well as the mortality rate within one month were assessed. A binary logistic regression was conducted to obtain association factors for the CTA spot sign and hematoma growth. Results : We identified a CTA spot sign in 40 patients (13.9%) and hematoma growth in 78 patients (27.2%). An elapsed time to CT scan of less than 3 hours (OR, 5.14; 95% CI, 1.76-15.02; p=0.003) was associated with the spot sign. A CTA spot sign (OR, 5.70; 95% CI, 2.70-12.01; p<0.001), elevated alanine transaminase (GPT) level >40 IU (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.01-4.01; p=0.047), and an international normalized ratio ${\geq}1.8$ or warfarin medication (OR, 5.64; 95% CI, 1.29-24.57; p=0.021) were independent predictors for hematoma growth. Antiplatelet agent medication (OR, 4.92; 95% CI, 1.31-18.50; p= 0.019) was significantly associated with hematoma growth within 6 hours of ictus. Conclusion : As previous other populations, CTA spot sign was a strong predictor for hematoma growth especially in hyper-acute stage of ICH in Korea. Antithrombotics medication might also be associated with hyper-acute hematoma growth. In our population, elevated GPT was newly identified as a predictor for hematoma growth and its effect for hematoma growth is necessary to be confirmed through a further research.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.75-77
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• 1984

진주지방 vinyl house에서 자란 고추잎에 생긴 병반(病斑)을 채집하여 병원균(病原菌)을 분리(分離)하였다. 분리(分離)된 병원균(病原菌)의 분생자종(分生子種)의 길이 $40{\sim}150\;{\mu}m$ 폭은 $4.5{\sim}7\;{\mu}m$이고 $3{\sim}15$개가 총생으로 형성(形成)하며 분생포자(分生胞子)의 길이는 $40{\sim}185{\mu}m$이고 폭(幅)은 $4{\sim}5{\mu}m$이었다. 이 병원균(病原菌)은 PDA에서 늦게 자라고 포자(胞子)가 잘 형성(形成)되지 않으며 잎에 형성(形成)된 병반(病斑)을 습실처리하면 분생포자(分生胞子)가 잘 형성(形成)한다. 병원성검정(病原性檢定)을 위하여 만점에 생긴 분생포자(分生胞子)를 가지고 포자현탁액을 가지고 접종(接種)하였더니 고추의 잎과 엽병에 채집된 병징과 같은 개구리눈 모양을 한 병반(病班)이보였다. 고추에서 분리(分離)된 병원균(病原菌)은 분생자종(分生子種)의 모양과 크기 분생포자(分生胞子)의 길이와 병원성(病原性)에 의(依)하여 Cercospora capsici Heald et. Wolf 로 동정(同定)되었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.389-393
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• 2008

Nano-sized $TiO_2$-60 wt% SrO composite powders were synthesized by a sol-gel method using titanium isopropoxide and $Sr(OH)_2\;{\cdot}\;8H_2O$ as precursors. 3, -5, -7 wt%Ag spot-coated $TiO_2$-60 wt% SrO composite powders were synthesized by a Ag electroless deposition method using $TiO_2$-60 wt% SrO composite powders calcined at $1050^{\circ}C$, which mainly exhibited the $SrTiO_3$phase. However, a small number of rutile $TiO_2$, $Sr_2TiO_4$ and $SrO_2$ phases were also detected. In the Ag spot-coated powders synthesized by electroless deposition, nano-sized particles about 5-25 nm in diameter adhered to the $TiO_2$-60 wt% SrO composite powders. The photocatalytic activity of Ag spot-coated $TiO_2$-SrO and $TiO_2$-SrO composite powders for degradation of phenol showed that all of $TiO_2$-SrO composite powders were highly active under UV light irradiation. 7 wt%Ag spot-coated $TiO_2$-60wt.%SrO composite powders had a relatively higher photocatalytic activity than did $TiO_2$-SrO composite powders under visible light.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.537-547
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• 2010

FPAR는 다양한 육상 생태계 모텔에서 중요한 입력변수로 사용된다. 이 때문에 다양한 global product의 형태로 제공되고 있다. 하지만 한반도를 영역으로 하는 연구에 이를 바로 적용 시 오차가 발생할 수 있고, 이것은 위성자료를 이용한 지면 정보 산출에 있어서 직접적인 오차요인이 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Terra/MODIS와 SPOT/VEGETATION 그리고 ECOCLIMAP 자료를 이용해 한반도에 최적화된 FPAR를 산출 하였고, 또한 기존에 사용하였던 LAI와의 관계식을 사용하지 않고, SPOT/VGT NDVI 로부터 계산된 FVC (Fraction Vegetation Cover)를 직접 이용하여 FPAR를 산출 하였다. 이를 위해 식생지수의 선형/비선형 관계를 이용하여 구하는 경험적인 방법을 적용하여 회귀분석을 수행한 결과 cropland와 forest에서 각각 결정계수 (Coefficient of Determination, $R^2$)가 0.9039. 0.7901으로 정확도가 높은 관계식을 도출해내었다. 최종적으로 Reference FPAR 자료와의 비교 분석을 통해 본 연구에서 산출된 FPAR가 전반적인 패턴을 잘 표현하면서 불규칙하게 발생하던 노이즈 또한 보정된 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 이렇게 한반도에 최적화된 입력변수의 사용은 산출물의 정확도뿐만 아니라 연구의 질 향상에도 도움을 줄 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 1991

This study aimed at inquiring into the basic theory on CIEO(the Cooperation between Industry and Educational Organizations), grasping and analyzing the present situation of the health junior college, the present condition of CIEO and into problem and seeking to find a solution to activate the CIEO of the health junior colleges. This study suggested five methods as the method of consolidating the on-the-spot-training as below : 1. The execution of the basic research for the on-the-spot-training. And the reorganization of the existing curriculum into the curriculum the industrial organization requires. 2. The participation in solving commonly the problems of the industrial organization and in education. The establishing of the guidance system assuming exclusive charge of the on-the-spot-training. 3. The extension of the period of the on-the-spot-training and the reorganization of an educational system. The submission of the evaluation sheet for the on-the-spot-training. 4. The securing of the educational dost spent on the on-the-spot-training and the imposition of benefits on the industrial organization. 5. The persistent support for the on-the-spot-training at the governmental dimension. It is required that the CIEO law should be enacted as the legal and institutional solution and that government should lend systematic support to the business enterprise exeuting the industrial educational cooperation such as the institutional support for and the imposition of benifits on the cost of research. The cost of research and development, the cost of internal education and training, and the cost of experiment and practice.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 1999년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.262-266
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• 1999

Several commercial companies that plan to provide improved panchromatic and/or multi-spectral remote sensor data in the near future are suggesting that merge datasets will be of significant value. This study evaluated the utility of one major merging process-process components analysis and its inverse. The 6 bands of 30$\times$30m Landsat TM data and the 10$\times$l0m SPOT panchromatic data were used to create a new 10$\times$10m merged data file. For the image classification, 6 bands that is 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 7th band may be used in conjunction with supervised classification algorithms except band 6. One of the 7 bands is Band 6 that records thermal IR energy and is rarely used because of its coarse spatial resolution (120m) except being employed in thermal mapping. Because SPOT panchromatic has high resolution it makes 10$\times$10m SPOT panchromatic data be used to classify for the detailed classification. SPOT as the Landsat has acquired hundreds of thousands of images in digital format that are commercially available and are used by scientists in different fields. After the merged, the classifications used supervised classification and neural network. The method of the supervised classification is what used parallelepiped and/or minimum distance and MLC(Maximum Likelihood Classification) The back-propagation in the multi-layer perception is one of the neural network. The used method in this paper is MLC(Maximum Likelihood Classification) of the supervised classification and the back-propagation of the neural network. Later in this research SPOT systems and images are compared with these classification. A comparative analysis of the classifications from the TM and merged SPOT/TM datasets will be resulted in some conclusions.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.22-34
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• 2003

Objective : To ascertain whether the concept of the treatment side is associated with changes in the blind spot mapping that represents the brain function. Methods : Among the outpatients who visited to Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, National Medical Center from March 2002 to October 2002, we selected 40 clinical trial volunteers that showed right side physiological blind spot more enlarged than left, and underwent the examinations of Department of Opthalmology, National Medical Center for ruling out the pathological conditions. Physiological blind spot maps were used as an integer of brain activity before and after electroacupuncture application on the unilateral ST36 meridian point by dividing 40 subjects into two comparative groups for double-blind controlled study. Results: The significant changes in the blind spots were observed. Electroacupuncture application on the ipsilateral or contralateral ST36 of an enlargement cortical map were associated with the concept of determining the treatment side. In the case of electroacupuncture application on the ipsilateral side of an enlarged blind spot, there were decrease of $4.11{\pm}8.56cm$(17.3%) in blind spot perimetry length(p < 0.05). In the case of contralateral side, there were increase of $3.19{\pm}5.40cm$(13.7%) in blind spot perimetry length(p<0.05). The Differences were statistically significant(p<0.05). Conclusions: We found that eletroacupuncture application was associated with an increase or decrease in the brain function in the view of blind spot changes depending on the treatment side. These results suggest that the traditional acupuncture therapeutic strategy with determining the treatment side has clinical significance in the view of the brain function.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.257-275
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• 2011

선물시장은 기초자산이 거래되는 현물시장을 대상으로 하여 거래가 이루어지기 때문에 양 시장간에는 필연적인 관련성을 가진다. 이러한 관련성에 관한 연구의 일환으로 본 연구에서는 국내시장에서 국채선물시장과 현물시장간의 일별 가격변화의 선-후행관계를 실증적으로 분석함으로써 양 시장간의 가격발견기능이 존재하는지를 살펴보았다. 2006년 3월 10일부터 2011년 5월 13일까지의 전체 분석기간을 글로벌 금융위기 전(2006. 3. 10~2008. 9. 12)과 후(2008. 9. 16~2011. 5. 13)로 구분하여 분석하였다. 분석한 결과를 종합하면, 국채선물 및 국채현물시장의 자기상관관계에서는 현물수익률의 경우 전날 현물가격이 다음날 현물가격에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것을 나타났으나, 선물수익률의 경우에는 유의한 상관관계가 나타나지 않았다. 다음으로 전체기간 및 하위기간에서의 교차상관관계의 분석에서는 양시장간에 유의한 가격적 선-후행관계가 존재하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 회귀분석을 통한 양시장간 선-후행관계 분석에서도 양 시장간 유의한 선-후행관계가 존재하지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.439-444
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• 2009

This study was to set the guidelines of soil chemical components in order to assure the safety and quality of the panax ginseng from physiological disorder. The disorder symptoms appeared on the leaf with yellow spot, atrophy, yellow-brown spot, also showed red skin and rough skin of the root. Occurrence type of physiological disorder in cultivated field divided into two types : type I 'such as, yellow spot' consist of single disorder symptom; type II 'such as, yellow spot and yellow-brown spot' consist of two or more different disorder symptoms. The individual contribution of soil properties to the occurrence type was as follows ; The yellow spot was affected by Na > $NO_3$-N > salinity (EC) in soil. The same results was observed in red skin. Atrophy was affected by $NO_3$-N > salinity (EC) > Ca > Mg. Rough skin was affected by $P_2O_5$>pH>Organic material > K. It showed positive associated to $P_2O_5$, pH and K, but negative associated to organic matter. Simultaneous occurrence of two different disorder, including cases which yellow spot and yellow-brown spot, those were affected by $NO_3$-N > salinity (EC) > Na > Mg. In the case of atrophy plus yellow-brown spot, those also were affected by in the order : $NO_3$-N > salinity (EC) > Ca > Mg > Na. Red-rough skin was affected in the order : salinity (EC) > $NO_3$-N > K > Na. Soil chemical components appear to be related to occurrence of physiological disorder, particularly in salinity (EC) and $NO_3$-N. The salinity (EC) and $NO_3$-N were negative related to plant growth. In addition, exchangeable cation capacity play critical roles in attributing to complex occurrence of physiological disorder.