• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.9
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• pp.139-163
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• 2002

While the corporate practice of sponsoring major events has existed since the turn of the century, it has only recently become one of the fastest growing areas of advertising and promotion. Despite its long history and recent growth, however, event sponsorship has yet to receive the same kinds of rigorous theoretical and methodological attention that marketing researchers have devoted to other areas of advertising and promotion. Also, the recent Olympic Games in Sydney serve as excellent showcase of the sponsorship phenomenon. On the hand it becomes very clear that an event of such magnitude cannot take place without the commercial support of the sponsors. At the same time, there is a growing concern that the Olympic Games are losing their spirit and are over-commercialized because of the excessive sponsorship-linked marketing activities. At the centre of the debate is the impact and the reaction of the consumers to the growing use of sponsorship to stage major events. While the Olympic Games might be an extreme example of the growth and impact of sponsorship, the proliferation of the phenomenon is widespread across other sports events as well as other cultural and community based events. But a comprehensive model of sponsorship is not currently available in the literature. This research is the aim of the current research to investigate consumer attitude constructs towards sponsorship such as sport involvement, attitude towards the event, attitude towards commercialization. The results still have potentially significant applied and theoretical implication. First, This investigation is the first known effort, grounded in consumer behavior theory, to model antecedent variables believed to influence consumer response to event sponsorship in Korea. Second, these findings are in line with previous research, as sports involvement attitude towards the event, and attitude towards commercialization are found to be significant influences on respondents' ability, motivation and opportunity to process sponsorship information, as well as directly and indirectly impacting emotional response.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.305-319
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• 2020

A The purpose of this study was to determine the present state of the exercise rehabilitation field, promote elderly sport for all, and present a revitalization program for higher quality of life for the elderly in the coming era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and aged society. Literature review was performed to analyze the actual conditions of the activities for elderly sport for all and the relevant field of exercise rehabilitation, analyze the elderly health and welfare and elderly sport for all programs, and present a plan for revitalizing the field of exercise rehabilitation to promote elderly sport for all. First, it is necessary to reinforce the awareness and promotion of the need and importance of exercise rehabilitation in inducing seniors to participate in sport for all. Second, it is necessary to make it compulsory to place sport leaders for seniors at such places as elderly leisure and welfare centers and promote expertise in managing elderly health guidance efficiently through cooperation with welfare workers. Third, it is necessary to make it compulsory to take exercise rehabilitation and similar subjects in the curriculums of sport for all, elderly sport welfare, and silver welfare sport as well as the subject of volunteering activities at such places as elderly leisure and welfare centers with the aim of giving opportunities for career choice. Fourth, it is necessary to develop characterized exercise rehabilitation programs at senior welfare centers, community centers for the elderly, and elderly classes and employ experts equipped with exercise event and exercise rehabilitation capabilities as itinerant lecturers to contribute to the government's job creation policies through cooperation between the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism (MOCST) and the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW). Fifth, it is necessary to make a greater investment in research and development required for elderly sport for all. Sixth, it is necessary to develop and distribute various exercise rehabilitation treatment videos and guidelines that seniors can use for themselves. This is associated with the fifth one; in particular, it is urgent to devise measures against Coronavirus 19. Seventh, it is necessary to reduce inefficiency and budget waste caused by overlapped tasks by establishing a new elderly sports promotion organization through adjustment by MOCST and MOHW; it is also necessary to increase the functions of organization establishment with the aim of reinforcing the education area, which involves post-retirement health care, exercise rehabilitation, safety accident prevention, and virus.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.197-205
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• 2011

Various jumping and landing motions are shown during sports event. But most previous studies have not considered landing height and distance simultaneously. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of landing height and distance on knee injury mechanism. Fourteen male(age: $28.86{\pm}1.99$ yrs, height: $177.00{\pm}4.69$ cm, weight: $76.50{\pm}6.41$ kg) participated in this study. The subjects attempted drop landing task onto the ground from 30 cm to 45 cm heights and to 20 cm to 40 cm distances. The results were as follows. First, higher drop landing height and longer distance showed greater degree of maximal knee flexion and valgus. Second, higher drop landing height and longer distance showed greater maximal knee extension moment and varus moment. Third, higher drop landing height and longer distance showed larger maximal knee absorption power. Lastly, higher drop landing height showed increased Peak GRF. Landing height was more related to the cause of injury, which was indicated by increased maximal knee extension moment, peak GRF and maximal knee absorption power. Landing distance was also associated with increased knee valgus moment and absorption power during landing. These results suggest that landing height and distance may be the cause of injury.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.85-94
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematics variables of during forehand stroke by stance patterns. Eight high school tennis players were chosen for the study, who have never been injured for last six months, in Busan. They performed horizontal swing and vertical swing that it was done each five consecutive trial in the condition of square, open and semi-open stance. It was filmed by 6 video camera and used with 3-dimensional motion analyzer system. The following kinematic variables were analyzed in relation to angle of segment( shoulder, hip and knee joint). The conclusion were as follow: 1. The angle of hip joint represented at impact that horizontal swing was not significant difference by stance patterns but vertical swing was increased in open stance than square and semi-open stance. 2. The angle of both knee was not significant difference between all stance types and swing patterns. 3. The angle of shoulder, hip and knee joint rotation showed that open stance was increased than square and semi-open stance in all swing types and event.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2004

This study was intended to contribute to allowing athletes to raise a technical understanding of two motions of high difficulty such as the Swallow motion and the Nakayama motion and enhance their competitive power by analysing the kinematical factors required to link those two motions on the competitive scene on the rings for current national athletes. For this purpose, the game of the ring event was videotaped for male heavy gymnasts participating in the final elimination match of the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. This study attempted to select the performing motions of the final 1st-and 2nd-place athletes performing the linking motions from the Swallow motion and the Nakayama motion using the DLT(direct linear transformation) method. As a result, it arrived at the following conclusion : A1 properly performed the flexing and extending movements using the angular velocity of the segment and joint as the switching motion using the body at the time of linking the motion from the Swallow skill to the Nakayama skill. A2 was evaluated to perform the skill taking the form of depending on the force at the static state. Therefore, it is thought that A1 should take care of shaking at the time of using the elasticity of the body. It is thought that in case of A2 the proper use of the elasticity of the body take care of shaking at the switching motion while taking advantage of the force will contribute to his competitive power.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 2011

Three-dimensional(3D) motion analysis is a useful tool for analyzing sports performance. During the last few decades, advances in motion analysis equipment have enabled us to perform more and more complicated biomechanical analyses. Nevertheless, considering the complexity of biomechanical models and the amount of data recorded from the motion analysis system, subsequent processing of these data is required for event-specific motion analysis. The purpose of this study was to develop a basic golf swing analysis algorithm using a state-of-the-art VICON motion analysis system. The algorithm was developed to facilitate golf swing analysis, with special emphasis on 3D motion analysis and high-speed motion capture, which are not easily available from typical video camera systems. Furthermore, the developed algorithm generates golf swing-specific kinematic and kinetic variables that can easily be used by golfers and coaches who do not have advanced biomechanical knowledge. We provide a basic algorithm to convert massive and complicated VICON data to common golf swing-related variables. Future development is necessary for more practical and efficient golf swing analysis.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.109-120
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the kinematical characteristics of gymnasts who can perform the KOVACS skill, and to grope for the better KOVACS Piked motion. The subjects were 3 male national gymnasts and were filmed with video cameras. And kinematic data were collected from the event of maximum knee flexion to the re-grasp the bar after airborne motion during KOVACS Piked motion. And the following conclusion were drawn; S1 took the enough time and inadequate height for performing KOVACS Piked motion. S2 showed the inadequate time and height during airborne motion with the large forward-backward and left-right movement. S3 showed the better KOVACS Piked movement among gymnasts, but the weak point of S3 was the large left-right shift. Based on the above conclusions, the gymnasts should be trained the enough time and height for the effective airborne movement and to reduce the left-right movement.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency of visual perception and impulse according to the three types of Taekwondo players to be able to supply an efficient training method, for this a total of 12 representative Taekwondo players of the Korean National team, 4 poomsae players, 4 kyokpa players and 4 kyorugi players weighting between 68 to 74 kg, and the results from the motion analysis system, eye tracker and Electronic hogu are as follows. For the visual perceptual function, the total body reaction time was slowest for the kyokpa group, and for the visible reaction and vision fixation time was longest of the poomsae group, while the performance movement was fastest for the kyorugi group. As for description of the two kicking motions dollyo chagi and dolgae chagi the longer visual fixation helps the accuracy of the kick. In conclusion, as there was a difference between the groups, this information could help to train the visual perception of players according to what event they are participating in.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.691-700
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• 2017

International sports events is one of the core products in the sports industry the scale of sports event business is steadily increasing. However, In terms of sports event management, knowledge and experience generated through sports events are ineffective and non-systematically managed. For this reason, unnecessary resources are wasted and trial and error are repeated in hosting, preparing and operating in sports event management. The purpose of this study is to develop a sports event management process and evaluate conformance. To accomplish the purpose of this study, developed the core processes of sports events in step by step and then applied and conformance evaluated of the designed process. Developed and evaluated sports events management processes are five Functional Area of registration, accommodation, transport, broadcasting, and food and beverage. Of these FA, 63 activities were selected and analyzed. The modeling was used as IDEF method, the conformity analysis was used as Fuzzy logic, analysis tool was used ProM.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2008

D. W. KANG, J. S. CHOI, and G. R. TACK, A Study on Real-Time Sports Activity Classification & Monitoring Using a Tri-axial Accelerometer. Korean Jouranl of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 59-64, 2008. This study was conducted to study the real-time sports activity classification and monitoring using single waist mounted tri-axial accelerometer. This monitoring system detects events of sports activities such as walking, running, cycling, transitions between movements, resting and emergency event of falls. Accelerometer module was developed small and easily attachable on waist using wireless communication system which does not constrain sports activities. The sensor signal was transferred to PC and each movement pattern was classified using the developed algorithm in real-time environment. To evaluate proposed algorithm, experiment was performed with several sports activities such as walking, running, cycling movement for 100sec each and falls, transition movements(sit to stand, lie to stand, stand to sit, lie to sit, stand to lie and sit to lie) for 20 times each with 5 healthy subjects. The results showed that successful detection rate of the system for all activities was 95.4%. In this study, through sports activity monitoring. it was possible to classify accurate sports activities and to notify emergency event such as falls. For further study, the accurate energy consumption algorithm for each sports activity is under development.