• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• v.58 no.1
• /
• pp.295-308
• /
• 2019

The purpose of the present study is to apply a health belief model to the serious perception of an increase in youth obesity, and to develop and validate a measurement tool for youth obesity prevention among this group who are experiencing increasing rates of obesity. The specific goals of this study are to 1) apply a health belief model to develop a measurement tool for obesity prevention among youth who are seeing rising rates of obesity, and 2) provide an integrated validation procedure and foundation for developing this measurement tool. A total of 1801 high school students[sample1: 902(male:464,female:438); sample2: 899(male:464,female:438)] were recruited and collected data from 12 high school in Seoul and Kyonggi area. For this study the analytic framework of unified validity was developed which can comprehensively reflect unified validity be Messick(1995), framework for conducting a strong program of construct validation by Benson(1998), the unified validity implementation method of Rasch model suggested by Wolfe and Smith(2007a, 2007b). Furthermore, after dividing the developed analytic framework into each stage(the substantive domain), the evidence of validity of Youth Obesity Prevention Scale(YOPS) applying Health Belief Model was systematically suggested. The YOPS suggested the evidence about the substantive domain of unified validity. The developed YOPS was consist of Susceptibility, Severity, Benefits, Barriers and Cues to Action. After 3 stage in substantive domain, the components of YOPS(5factors and 28items) satisfied the unidimensionality, and the 5 point Likert scale had the significant discrimination of the respondents' response.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• v.58 no.2
• /
• pp.405-416
• /
• 2019

This study aimed to identify the efficiency of short track-related sports injury prevention program consisted of muscle strength and neuromuscular training on non-contact injury incidence and characteristics in knee and ankle joints and low back for elite short track speed skaters. Twenty-five short track athletes who belonged to G-City Team were participated in this study from Nov. 2017 to Jul. 2018. Information on their sports injuries occurred were collected and injury prevention program was applied in their warm-up every training sessions and competition. Also their symptom-level of knee and ankle joint and low back were measured by using OSTRC overuse injury questionnaire and Cumberland ankle instability(CAIT). The injury incidence rate after application of prevention program was 2.79 injuries/1,000 hour exposures(HEs), which was lower than before (3.04 injuries/1,000HEs). The OSTRC score (30.89±28.34 and 23.84±23.61, respectively) in knee and low back after application of prevention program were lower than before (58.47±26.77 and 52.36±21.55, respectively), and the CAIT score (13.47±6.07) in ankle joint after application of program was higher than before (16.26±7.28), which means that their symptom-level was alleviated with sports injury prevention program. In conclusion, the sports injury prevention program designed for short track's motion and characteristic can have positive influences on the occurrence of non-contact injury for short track speed skaters.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• v.58 no.4
• /
• pp.481-492
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise on cerebellar astrocyte activation and purkinje cells, neurotrophic factors expression, and motor function in aged rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used and divided into three groups; (1) Young Control Group (YCG; 3months aged, n=10); (2) Old Control Group; (OCG; 24months aged, n=10); (3) Old Exercise Group (OEG; 24months aged, n=10). Rats were then subjected to treadmill exercise for 5 days per week for 12 weeks during which time the speed of the treadmill was gradually increased. The results revealed that in the rota-rod test, motor function was significantly increased in the OEG compared to the OCG (p<.05), and similarly YCG. Number of calbindin-positive purkinje cell expression significantly increased in the cerebellar vermis of OEG compared to the OCG (p<.05), and similarly YCG. GFAP-, NMDAR-positive cell expression significantly increased in the OEG (respectively p<.001), GFAP and GLAST protein levels were significantly increased in the cerebellum of OEG compared to the OCG (p<.05, p<.001) and similarly YCG. BDNF and NGF protein levels were highest in the YCG, increased in the OEG compared to OCG (p<.001, p<.05). These result show that regular exercise not only improved astrocyte activation, but also increased purkinje cell expression in the cerebellum and motor function by increasing the neurotrophic factors in aged rats.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• v.51 no.3
• /
• pp.427-435
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this review study is to examine current status of dietary supplement use to enhance athletic performance capacity in elite athletes based upon anti-doping education, sports type, athletic performance capacity, gender, and age. Several previous review studies have focused on the biochemistry characteristics and intake incidence of dietary supplements and those studies have not showed enough evidence of the reason why elite athletes usually take dietary supplements. Anti-doping education may increase the incidence of dietary supplement use in elite athletes because of increasing expertise of dietary supplements. It would be expected that increased incidence of long-term dietary supplement use may induce positive effects on the body having potential effects on athletic performance capacity, although a trace of nutrients may not directly effect on the outcome of the game. Moreover, it seems that the difference of dietary supplement use based upon gender and age may come from sports type and the difference of dietary supplement intake reason may come from health and body condition maintenance rather than athletic performance capacity when considering dietary supplement use items based upon intake reasons. Most elite athletes consume at least over 2 dietary supplement items in a long period of time rather than 1 dietary supplement item in a short period of time; however, the scientific evidence of dietary supplement use seems to be insufficient. Therefore, further experimental approach studies concerning dietary supplement effects would be needed.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.407-417
• /
• 2012

The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of pilates mat exercise on cardiovascular disease risk factors and inflammation markers in sarcopenic obesity elderly. All subjects were sarcopenic obesity(height for each of the arms, legs, appendicular muscle mass ratio of 1.16kg/m², 4.31kg/m², 5.21kg/m² under and % body fat is more than 30%) elderly performed the pilates mat exercise during 12-week for 60 minutes 3 times a weeks. All subjects of this study were examined the changes in cardiovascular disease risk factors(TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, Glucose, Insulin) and inflammation markers(fibrinogen, adiponectin, leptin, CRP). The results of the study in the exercise group were as follows; The weight, % body fat, TC, TG, LDL-C, fibrinogen, CRP had significantly decreased and muscle mass, HDL-C, adiponectin had significantly increased. And also, pilates mat exercise can effective to improve sarcopenic obesity, and pilates mat exercises performed coy shrink obesity to cardiovascular disease and inflammatory response indicators of older women as old man's physical features of the deterioration of the prevention of obesity and muscle strength loss, causing the effective exercise method is meant to be.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• v.55 no.3
• /
• pp.613-626
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of dance sport participation on body composition and cardiometabolic parameters in obese middle aged women, by analyzing the current literature(2005-2015). The data from 9 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis, and Comprehensive Meta Analysis(CMA) Version 2.0 was used for statistical analysis. A total of 197 middle aged women(intervention group: n=98, control group: n=99) were included in this analysis. An average duration of the dance sports intervention was 12.2 weeks, 3.13 session per week and 75 minutes per session. Significant reduction in body weight, body fat percent, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein LDL-Cholesterol and leptin were observed while significant increase in high density lipoprotein HDL-cholesterol was observed after the intervention. There were large effect size in percent body fat, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol while medium and small effect size were observed for triglyceride and body weight, leptin, insulin and glucose, respectively. In conclusion, dance sport participation resulted in positive changes in body composition and cardiometabolic parameter in middle aged women.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.309-319
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this research was to find out the structural relationship and difference soccer and baseball during TV sport broadcasting of advertising for consumer attitude relation of advertising, advertising avoid, perceived intrusiveness in order to help for advertising strategy and giving for good image to sport viewer by advertising media. In this study, 275 surveys were collected and the participants were university student in B metropolitan city using convenience sampling method. The questionnaires were written using self-administration method. The confirmatory factor analysis and the structural equation model were done using IBM AMOS 20. The reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, frequency analysis, independent t-test and correlation were done using IBM SPSS Statistics 21. The results were as follows: First, cognitive avoidance and physical avoidance was shown that baseball viewer was higher than football viewer. Advertising attitude and perceived intrusiveness was shown the baseball viewer and football viewer not different. Second, perceived intrusiveness had effect advertising attitude. Third, perceived intrusiveness had effect avoidance(physical avoidance, cognitive avoidance). Fourth, advertising attitude had effect on advertising cognitive avoidance. Fifth, advertising attitude had not effect on advertising physical avoidance.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• v.57 no.4
• /
• pp.387-394
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide information regarding the strategies by identifying the main variables that determines the winning team based on the records of all games of the 2017 IIHF World Championship Top league. 64 matches were analyzed for the study. 6 variables were analyzed which included ratio of saves, shots on goal, penalties in minutes, time for power play, power play goals, and face off wins. Logistic regression analysis (LRA), multiple regression analysis (MRA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were implemented to examine the relationship between win and loss. In case of LRA, shots on goal (p<.001), face-off wins (p<.001) had significantly positive relation to winning of game whereas, penalties in minutes (p<.01) and time on power play (p<.01) had significantly negative. Using MRA, win percentage was calculated which had significant positive correlation to ratio of saves (p<.01) and face-off wins (p<.001) whereas, a significant negative with penalties in minutes (p<.001). For PCA, the winning team consisted of penalty, attack, and defense factors whereas, losing teams consisted only the attack and defense factors.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• v.55 no.2
• /
• pp.643-655
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate biomechanical differences between young and old adults during downhill walking on a treadmill in order to understand the mechanisms of elderly falls. Eighteen healthy young females(YG: yrs: 21.17±1.5) and eighteen healthy old females(OG: yrs: 66.67±1.33) participated in this study. They were asked to walk at their preferred speed on a treadmill at level, 7.5° and 15° decline. OG walked more wobbly in the medial and lateral directions than YG(p<.05). As slope got steeper, OG had smaller ROM(range of motion) of ankle and knee joints compared with YG. However, there was no difference in ROM of the hip between OG and YG, but maximum extension angle of OG was smaller compared with YG(p<.05). Smaller extensor moment was generated on OG during downhill walking(p<.05). It was hypothesized that more risk factors would be found on older people compared to young people during downhill. However, older people actually walks with a safer strategy compared to young people during downhill. Finally, current findings about biomechanical characteristics of elderly walking would provide useful fundamental information for a follow-up study regarding the prevention of elderly fall during their daily life.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• v.54 no.1
• /
• pp.535-544
• /
• 2015

This study was performed to determine the effect of low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR) on muscle volume and strength in elderly women. Sixteen elderly women (70.9±4.6 years) were divided into low (30% 1RM) and high (75% 1RM) intense resistance training groups. Tourniquet cuff (Zimmer, Germany) for BFR was applied only to the right leg during the training period. All subjects performed unilateral leg press, leg extension and leg curl (3 sets×12 repetitions) for 10 weeks (2d/wk). Blood pressure was increased from 110 to 240 mmHg during the training period at the most proximal region of exercised leg. Muscle volume and cross-sectional area (CSA) were measured by MRI and body composition was monitored by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and isokinetic muscular strength were analyzed in both legs. The quadriceps CSA (15.2%, p<.001) and muscle volume (13.8%, p<.001) were increased in high-intense trained leg with BFR and the increased rate was highest among groups. The quadriceps CSA (9.8%, p<.001) and muscle volume (6.9%, p<.001) were increased in low-intensity training group with BFR and their increased rates were higher than control groups. The strength by exercise training was significantly improved in all groups and tended to be higher in BFR groups. These results demonstrate low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction could be an effective way to improve muscle volume and strength in elderly women.