• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2009

The mixotrophic growth with methanol plus thiosulfate was examined in nutrient-limited mixotrophic condition for Methylobacterium goesingense CBMB5 and Methylobacterium fujisawaense CBMB37. Thiosulfate oxidation increased the growth and protein yield in mixotrophic medium that contained 150mM methanol and 20mM sodium thiosulfate, at 144 h. Respirometric study revealed that thiosulfate was the most preferable reduced inorganic sulfur source, followed by sulfite and sulfur. M. goesingense CBMB5 and M. fujisawaense CBMB37 oxidized thiosulfate directly to sulfate, and intermediate products of thiosulfate oxidation such as polythionates, sulfite, and sulfur were not detected in spent medium and they did not yield positive amplification for tested soxB primers. Enzymes of thiosulfate oxidation such as rhodanese and sulfite oxidase activities were detected in cell-free extracts of M. goesingense CBMB5, and M. fujisawaense CBMB37, and thiosulfate oxidase (tetrathionate synthase) activity was not observed. It indicated that both the organisms use the "non-S4 intermediate" sulfur oxidation pathway for thiosulfate oxidation. It is concluded from this study that M. goesingense CBMB5, and M. fujisawaense CBMB37 exhibited mixotrophic metabolism in medium containing methanol plus thiosulfate and that thiosulfate oxidation and the presence of a "Paracoccus sulfur oxidation" (PSO) pathway in methylotrophic bacteria are species dependant.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.303-307
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• 1996

The degree of autolysis and presence of cell-wall degrading enzymes in an anaerobic ruminal fungus, Piromyces communis OTSI, grown in liquid medium, was monitored to evaluate the effect of self-digestion on fungal biomass. After a 30 days incubation period fungal dry weight decreased by 45% and the cell wall component chitin decreased by 22%. Chitinase activity detected in the supernatant was mainly of the endotype and peaked at day 6 of the incubation. ${\beta}-1$, 3-glucanase was detected from day 4 and increased throughout the incubation period. Autolysis was a slow process, and under natural conditions it is unlikely that it plays a significant role in the degradation of the spent fungal vegetative stage in the rumen.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.629-636
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is localization of safety relief valves for Nuclear Service through technical development with overall design, fabrication, inspection, capacity certification test and functional qualification test of safety relief valves in accordance with ASME Section III and KEPIC Code. Safety relief valve is the important equipment used to protect the pressure vessel, the steam generator and the other pressure facility from overpressure by discharging the operating medium when the pressure of system is reaching the design pressure of the system. But we're depending on technology of the other country up to the present time. Because we don‘ have our own technologies, we have been spent the great time and money on installing and repairing safety relief valve at nuclear power plant. Therefore we have to achieve the development of safety relief valves for Nuclear Service with our own technologies.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.492-500
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is localization of safety relief valves fur Nuclear Service through technical development with overall design, fabrication, inspection, capacity certification test and functional qualification test of safety relief valves in accordance with KEPIC MN Code(or ASME Sec.III ). The safely relief valve is the important equipment used to protect the pressure vessel, the steam generator and the other pressure facility from overpressure by discharging the operating medium when the pressure of system is reaching the design pressure of the system. But we're depending on technology of the other country up to the present time. Because we don't have our own technologies, we have been spent the great time and money on installing and repairing safety relief valve at nuclear power plant. Therefore we have to achieve the development of safety relief valves for Nuclear Service with our own technologies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.187-192
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• 2014

Lot-streaming is the process of splitting a job (lot) into sublots to allow the overlapping of operations between successive machines in a multi-stage production system. A new genetic algorithm (NGA) is proposed for an n-job, m-machine, lot-streaming flow shop scheduling problem with equal-size sublots in which the objective is to minimize the total stretch. The stretch of a job is the ratio of the amount of time the job spent before its completion to its processing time. NGA replaces the selection and mating operators of genetic algorithms (GAs) by marriage and pregnancy operators and incorporates the idea of inter-chromosomal dominance and individuals' similarities. Extensive computational experiments for medium to large-scale lot-streaming flow-shop scheduling problems have been conducted to compare the performance of NGA with that of GA.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.302-307
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• 1987

The increase in the serum cholesterol level of the rabbit fed a high cholesterol diet was prevented by the administration of a Lactobacillus sporogenes preparation, proportionally to the amount of the preparation. About 90% of the increase in the serum cholesterol level was inhibited in the rabbits fed the preparation (2%) as feed additives. In vitro, L. sporogenes cultured in MRS broth containing PPLO serum fraction as a cholesterol source decreased the cholesterol concentration in the spent broth and increased the intracellular cholesterol concentration. The ability of L. sporogenes to accumulate cholesterol was enhanced by the presence of oxgall in the medium. These results suggest that L. sporogenes may directly assimilate the cholesterol in the gastrointestinal tracts and may prevent the increase of the serum cholesterol level.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.889-902
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to identify point makeup purchasing and using behavior according to the personal color awareness. Most women considered their favorite color first when purchasing lipsticks and skin color when purchasing cheek powder or foundation. They considered makeup concept first when applying lipsticks, eye shadows, and cheek powder but skin color applying foundations and manicures. Factors of personal color awareness were preferences & utilization awareness, other's advice, and direct awareness, and were segmented into PC intermediate group, high PC group, and PC retard group. PC intermediate group were in the late 20's and the early 30's, average incomes with high education, and patronized discount stores for point makeups, used fashion color as a criterion when selecting lipsticks, foundations, and manicures, apparel color when applying eye shadows, skin color when applying cheek creams, and preferred imported lipsticks and manicures. High PC group were among unmarried women in the early 20's, university students, high income households with medium level of pocket money, spent more for point makeup, and patronized department stores and internet shopping mall, used skin color or fashion color as criteria when selecting point makeup, referenced makeup concept when applying point makeup, preferred imported point makeup. PC retard group were among married women in the late 30's with low education and low income, spent less for point makeup and pocket money, and selected domestic point makeup, used their favorite color as a criterion when selecting point makeups and apparel color when applying lipsticks and cheek creams.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.102-122
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• 2002

It has been 2 years since the implementation of the separation policy of drug prescription and dispensing. This study analyzes the changes in community pharmacy operation after the implementation of the policy. The main purposes of the analysis are to determine whether the changes in community pharmacy operation have occurred and to evaluate that the changes are consistent with the intention of the policy, if the changes actually have occurred. For the study a survey on 961 pharmacies chosen by stratified sampling method has been performed. Of the 961 sample pharmacies, 438 pharmacies were responded resulting 45.6% response rate. The sample pharmacies are classified by the location that the pharmacy are operating: the pharmacies around large size hospitals, the pharmacies around clinics or medium to small size hospitals and the pharmacies with no hospitals or clinics around. Based on the classification, the number of pharmacies, number of prescriptions processed, the personnel structure, the changes in facility, and other operational characteristics are compared. The results showed that the pharmacies were tended to concentrate around hospitals and clinic since the implementation of the policy. The number of pharmacists per pharmacy was increased, the size of pharmacy was increased and the facilities were improved to accomodate the requirements of the policy. The work hours a pharmacist spent on dispensing drug have increased almost twice, however, there was no corresponding increase in the time spent on patient education and medication history management, indicating a problem in the provision of quality pharmaceutical services. Based on the results, suggestions to minimize the negative effects of the policy are provided.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.32-38
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• 1979

The purpose of this experiment was to find out the contained quantity of ascorbic acid form persimmon tea. They were different according to the month when the persimmon leaves were picked, the way of cooking and the length of time spent after cooking. The results of experiment can be summarized as follows : 1. About the same contained quantities of ascorbic acid were obtained among the persimmon leaves picked in September and October, and small contained quatities of it were obtained among the persimmon leaves picked in November. Therefore it can be concluded that the persimmon leaves picked in September and October are better than the leaves picked in November for permision tea. 2. According to the way of cooking the contained quantity of ascorbic acid were different. When green leaves were washed and boiled for 1 monute and dried in the shade for 48 hours, the largest contained quantity of ascorbic acid were obtained. When they were steamed in the steam box for 1 minute and 30 seconds and dried in shade for 48 hours medium contained quantity of ascorbic acid were obtained . The contained quantity of ascorbic acid were decreased when green leaves were dried without boiling when green leaves were dried without boiling or when branches of leaves were taken away by hand and dried. 3. The contained quantity of ascobic acid were also different according to the length of time spent after cooking. After 15 minutes from cooking it began to increase and after 150 minutes it reached the highest degree. After this time it began to decrease. 4. the best fragrance, taste and color of the Persimmn Tea are found out, after steaming in the steaming box for one minute and half second and after drying in the shade for fourty-eight hours.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.44-50
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• 2015

Recycling technologies would be required in consideration of increasing demand in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, the leaching behavior of Ni, Co and Mn is investigated with ammoniacal medium for spent cathode active materials, which are separated from a commercial LIB pack in hybrid electric vehicles. The leaching behavior of each metal is analyzed in the presence of reducing agent and pH buffering agent. The existence of reducing agent is necessary to increase the leaching efficiency of Ni and Co. The leaching of Mn is insignificant even with the existence of reducing agent in contrast to Ni and Co. The most conspicuous difference between acid and ammoniacal leaching would be the selective leaching behavior between Ni/Co and Mn. The ammoniacal leaching can reduce the cost of basic reagent that makes the pH of leachate higher for the precipitation of leached metals in the acid leaching.