• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.191-206
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• 2018

Purpose : This study investigated the correlation between speech intelligibility and acoustic measurements of speech sounds produced by the children with speech sound disorders and children without any diagnosed speech sound disorder. Methods : A total of 60 children with and without speech sound disorders were the subjects of this study. Speech samples were obtained by having the subjects? speak meaningful words. Acoustic measurements were analyzed on a spectrogram using the Multi-speech 3700 program. Speech intelligibility was determined according to a listener's perceptual judgment. Results : Children with speech sound disorders had significantly lower speech intelligibility than those without speech sound disorders. The intensity of the vowel /u/, the duration of the vowel /${\omega}$/, and the second formant of the vowel /${\omega}$/ were significantly different between both groups. There was no difference in voice onset time between the groups. There was a correlation between acoustic measurements and speech intelligibility. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the speech intelligibility of children with speech sound disorders was affected by intensity, word duration, and formant frequency. It is necessary to complement clinical setting results using acoustic measurements in addition to evaluation of speech intelligibility.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.165-173
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• 2015

This study was aim to compare the phonological error patterns and PCC(Percentage of Correct Consonants) derived from the single word and spontaneous speech contexts of the speech sound disorders with unknown origin(SSD). The present study suggest that the development phonological error patterns and non-developmental error patterns of the target children, in according to speech context. The subjects were 15 children with SSD up to the age of 5 from 3 years of age. This research use 37 words of APAC(Assessment of Phonology & Articulation for Children) in the single word context and 100 eojeol in the spontaneous speech context. There was no difference of PCC between the single word and the spontaneous speech contexts. Significantly different developmental phonological error patterns between the single word and the spontaneous speech contexts were syllable deletion, word-medial onset deletion, liquid deletion, gliding, affrication, fricative other error, tensing, regressive assimilation. Significantly different non-developmental phonological error patterns were backing, addtion of phoneme, aspirating. The study showed that there was no difference of PCC between elicited single word and spontaneous conversational context. And there were some different phonological error patterns derived from the two contexts of the speech sound disorders. The more important interventions target is the error patterns of the spontaneous speech contexts for the immediate generalization and rising overall intelligibility.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2017

This study attempts to determine the extent to which late talkers are at the risk of delayed phonological development, in order to identify groups at risk and to find factors affecting delayed phonological development. A group of 1,452 children (51% boys, 49% girls) were recruited from the nationwide Panel Study on Korean Children. The current study collected data from 418 children who were previously identified as late-talkers (LT) at their age of three on average (Time 1: expressive vocabulary test) and three years later (Time 2: phonological test). Their phonological outcomes of the Time 2 were analyzed and then compared to those of a group of 1,056 children with typical language development (NLT: no late-talkers) at the age of three in terms of the number of incorrect consonants, and the speech sound disorders rating scores. LT showed a lower articulation score than NLT, and boys showed a lower score than girls. These findings indicate that the late onset of speech and the gender of young children could be potential risk factors of speech sound disorders.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2022

한국 버전의 진단지표 체계의 개발을 위해서는 먼저 국내의 말소리장애 연구에 사용된 지표들을 망라하여 검토할 필요가 있다. 본 문헌 검토에서는 원인을 모르는 말소리장애 아동을 대상으로 국내에서 어떤 연구들이 수행되었는지 살펴보았다. 국내 연구자들은 말소리장애 아동의 특성을 밝히기 위한 지표로 다양한 변수들을 사용하였으며, 여기에는 표면적인 말소리 특성과 관련된 지표들과, 그 외 동반 특성들에 관한 지표들이 포함되었다. 검토 결과, 지금까지 국내 말소리 특정 지표들에 관심이 집중되어 온 것이 확인되었는데, 어떤 지표들은 그 영향력으로 인해 다양한 측면에서 면밀한 연구가 필요할 수도 있고, 어떤 지표들은 제한적인 연구 수로 인해 더 많은 관심이 요구될 수도 있다. 본 리뷰에서는 원인을 모르는 말소리장애 아동들이 보이는 고유의 특성들에 대한 보다 포괄적인 연구의 필요성과 말소리장애의 하위유형 분류 및 진단 표지에 관한 추후 연구의 방향성에 대해 논의했다. 또한 말소리장애 하위 분류를 위한 잠재적 진단 표지와 평가 목록을 제안하였다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2017

This study compares speech rate, articulatory rate, and pause between the children with mild and moderate Speech Sound Disorder (SSD) who performed Sentence Repetition Tasks and the Typically Developing children (TD) of the same chronological age. The results showed that three groups are categorized in terms of speaking rate and articulatory rate. There is no difference between the two groups with SSD children, namely between the mild and moderate groups. However, there is a significant difference in their rate of speech and the articulatory rate between the two groups, such that the two groups with SSD are significantly slower than the TD group. The results also showed that there are no significant difference in the length and frequency of pause between the moderate group and the mild group. However, there is a substantial difference between them and the TD group. This study, provided the basic data for evaluating the speech rate of the children and implies that there are limitations in speech rate among the children with SSD.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 말소리장애 아동이 산출하는 이중모음의 특성을 파악하여 평가 및 중재에 활용할 수 있는 기초 자료를 마련하는 것이다. 현재까지 말소리장애 아동의 이중모음 산출 특성에 관한 음향학적 연구는 미비하였다. 이에 말소리장애 아동과 일반 아동을 대상으로 집단 간 이중모음 산출 특성의 차이를 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 각 10명의 만 4-5세 말소리장애와 일반 아동을 대상으로, 무의미 2음절 '이중모음+다'를 모방하도록 하였다. 산출된 이중모음의 활음 구간 내 제1, 2 포먼트 기울기, 포먼트 변화량, 활음 지속시간을 Praat(version 6.1.16)을 이용해 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 두 집단 간 /유/의 F1 기울기에 집단 간 유의한 차이가 있었다. 또한, 말소리장애 아동이 일반 아동에 비해 전반적으로 작은 포먼트 변화량과 더 짧은 활음 지속시간을 보였다. 유의한 포먼트 변화량의 집단 간 차이는 /유, 예/의 F1과 /야, 예/의 F2에서 나타났으며, 유의한 활음 지속시간의 차이는 /유, 예/에서 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 말소리장애 아동이 이중모음을 조음하는 범위가 일반 아동보다 상대적으로 작아 그만큼 조음하는데 걸리는 시간이 줄었음을 보여준다. 이러한 점은 말소리장애 아동의 이중모음에 관한 평가와 중재를 할 때 말소리장애 아동의 조음 범위를 고려해야 하며, 이에 음향학적 도구를 활용하는 것이 필요함을 뒷받침한다.

• 음성과학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.169-183
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find an effect of Metaphon Intervention on the improvement of speech intelligibility of preschool children with articulation-phonological disorders. Subjects were 4 preschool children with articulation-phonological disorders. A multiple baseline design across subjects was used to examine the effect of the program. The program consisted of 2 steps. The first step was composed of concept level, sound level, phoneme level, and word level. The second step was on sentence level. Results were as follows: First, metaphon ability of all subjects was improved after the Metaphon Intervention. Second, speech intelligibility of all subjects was improved after Metaphon Intervention. From the results above, Metaphon Intervention can be effective to improve not only phonological awareness and metaphon but also overall speech intelligibility of preschool children with articulation-phonological disorders.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2024

본 연구는 4세 아동에 대한 말소리발달 평가를 위해 세 문장 따라말하기 선별검사를 개발하고 또래와 비교할 수 있는 규준을 제공하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 4세 전반과 후반 각각 24명씩 총 48명의 아동에게 선별검사를 실시하였다. 선별검사 결과는 기존의 말소리장애 평가 검사 결과와 .7의 상관을 보였다. 선별검사를 통해 구한 음운발달 지표와 오류패턴에서 4세 전반과 후반으로 나눈 두 집단에 차이가 있는지 비교하였다. 후반 아동의 발달지표가 높은 것으로 나왔지만 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 모든 분석은 한국어말소리분석도구(Korean Speech Sound Analysis Tool, KSAT)를 사용하였으며, 자동분석 결과와 임상가의 수동분석 내용을 비교하였다. 자동분석과 수동분석의 오류패턴분석 일치도는 93.63%였다. 본 연구의 의의는 유도 문장수준에서 세 문장 따라말하기 선별검사의 4세 아동의 말소리 규준을 제시했다는 것과 KSAT의 임상과 연구 현장에서 적용 가능성을 검토하였다는 것이다.

• 음성과학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2000

Motor aphasia is an affection frequently caused by insult of the left middle cerebral artery and usually accompanied by a large lesion involving the Broca's area and the adjacent motor and premotor areas. Therefore, a patient with motor aphasia commonly shows articulatory disturbances due to failure of the motor programing of speech sound. Objective assessment and treatment of phonologic programing is one of the important aspects of speech therapy in aphasic patients. We analyzed the speech disorders acompanied with motor aphasia in a 45-year-old man using a computerized sound spectrograph, Visi-$Pitch{\circledR}$, and Multi-Dimensional Voice $Program{\circledR}$. We concluded that a computerized speech analysis system is a useful tool to visualize and quantitatively analyse the severity and progression of dysarthria, and the effect of speech therapy.

• 센서학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2019

Recently, the development of rehabilitation medical technology has resulted in an increased interest in speech therapy equipment. In particular, research on articulation therapy for communication disorders is being actively conducted. Existing methods for the diagnosis and treatment of speech disorders have many limitations, such as traditional tactile perception tests and methods based on empirical judgment of speech therapists. Moreover, the position and tension of the tongue are key factors of speech disorders with regards to articulation. This is a very important factor in the distinction of Korean characters such as lax, fortis, and aspirated consonants. In this study, we proposed a Korean electropalatography (EPG) system to easily measure and monitor the position and tension of the tongue in articulation treatment and diagnosis. In the proposed EPG system, a sensor was fabricated using an AgCl electrode and biocompatible silicon. Furthermore, the measured signal was analyzed by implementing the bio-signal processing module and monitoring program. In particular, the bio-signal was measured by inserting it into the palatal from an experimental control group. As a result, it was confirmed that it could be applied to clinical treatment in speech therapy.