• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.23-26
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• 2001

The spatial distribution of the scattered dose for mobile X-ray radiography is measured. The scattered X-ray exposures at the radius of 50, 100 and 150 cm from the irradiation center are 880, 180 and $50\;{\mu}R$, respectively. This scattered X-rays can be reduced to 60% by inserting the portable shield made by 0.4 mm copper sheet sandwiched in two plywoods.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2014

During the lateral x-ray testing of lumbar, in order to obtain the optimal image for diagnosis and to minimize the exposure dose, a glass dosimeter and spatial dose measuring meter was used to measure and evaluate the exposure dose and spatial dose distribution of each organs. The exposure dose of the organs have increased as they were closer to the X-ray tube and when the radiation field was completely opened, the exposure dose was increased. In addition, scattered rays have increased as the distance got closer to the subject and with the distance of more than 200cm, 95% of scattered rays was reduced. Such results can anticipate the exposure dose of patients during the lumbar x-ray test in the future and it can be proposed as a data for determining the testing methods and expected to be widely used as an important basic data for reducing the medical exposure dose.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.549-556
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• 2017

This study compared the spatial scattered dose distribution according to whether the recently developed radiation shielding is used or not in order to understand the spatial scattered dose distribution of C-arm. The horizontal side distribution increased by $30^{\circ}$ in the interval of the radius 50 cm on the height of 95 cm based on the head of the patient, and it was measured by increasing $30^{\circ}$ with the interval of 50 cm in the vertical side of each horizontal side. In the same method, the radiation shielding was installed and measured. The result of measurement shows that the horizontal side of 50 cm distance was $0^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$, was $1.77{\pm}0.12$, $1.90{\pm}0.13$, $2.12{\pm}0.14$, and $2.69{\pm}0.15mSv/h$ in the $270^{\circ}$ direction, and was $1.59{\pm}0.12$, $0.99{\pm}0.09$, $1.47{\pm}0.11$, and $1.37{\pm}0.11mSv/h$ after the use of the radiation shielding. In addition, the vertical distribution in horizontal direction $90^{\circ}$ with 50 cm distance was $30^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$, was $3.85{\pm}0.18$, $9.15{\pm}0.28$, $10.82{\pm}0.31$, and $5.40{\pm}0.22mSv/h$ in $150^{\circ}$, and was $2.03{\pm}0.13$, $4.32{\pm}0.19$, $2.76{\pm}0.16$, and $1.92{\pm}0.13mSv/h\;mR/h$ after the use of the radiation shielding. Both direction showed decrease according to the use of the radiation shielding. Therefore, radiation related workers who work in operating rooms should recognize the spatial scattered dose distribution exactly and need to try to prevent the risk of radiation exposure with proper protective measures.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.393-399
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• 2009

In this study, we measured the dose distribution of scattered ray in X-ray radiography room using an ion chamber and examined the dependency of scattered ray content on the scattered ray source and exposure condition. To study the factors of scattered ray occurrence in the acryl phantom, we measured the change in the scatted ray content according to the X-ray tube voltage (40~140 kV) and the field size ($10{\times}10\;cm^2$, $20{\times}20\;cm^2$, $35{\times}35\;cm^2$). For the $35{\times}35\;cm^2$ field size, the side-scattering rate ranged from 3.1% to 14.5%. The scattered ray contributions of the phantom, collimator, X-ray tube and wall were also measured. The scattered ray contribution of the phantom was higher than 95.4% for the entire tube voltage, and those of the collimator, X-ray tube and wall were 2.6%, 1.3% and 0.7%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.81-99
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to systemize the spatial studies of logistics industry by arranging the partially scattered current studies on spatial studies of logistics industry overall. Logistics industry now builds a complex spatial organization which has been developed to the stages of independent optimization by materials management and physical distribution providing specialized logistics services, logistics, and supply chain management including IT and management step by step. The complex spatial organization of logistics industry has been systematized with geographical space and virtual space, disintegration and integration, and intermediation and disintermediation. The three areas reported a dynamic characteristic overlapped in space. The dynamic characteristic has a dose relationship with interaction between IT and space of economic activities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.373-379
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• 2022

The radiation source used for non-destructive testing have permeability and cause a scattered radiation through collisions of surrounding materials, which causes changes in the surrounding spatial dose. Therefore, this study attempted to evaluate and analyze the distribution of spatial dose by source in the working environment during the non-destructive test using monte carlo simulation. In this study, Using FLUKA, a simulation code, simulates ⁶⁰Co, ¹⁹²Ir, and ⁷⁵Se source used in non-destructive testing, The reliability of the source term was secured by comparing the calculated dose rate with the data of the Health and Physics Association. After that, a non-destructive test in the radiation safety facility(RT-room) was designed to evaluate the spatial dose according to the distance from the source. As a result of the spatial dose evaluation, ⁷⁵Se source showed the lowest dose distribution in the frontal position and ⁶⁰Co source showed a dose rate of about 15 times higher than that of ⁷⁵Se and about 2 times higher than that of ¹⁹²Ir. In addition, the spatial dose according to the distance tends to decrease according to the distance inverse square law as the distance from the source increases. Exceptionally, ⁶⁰Co, ¹⁹²Ir, and ⁷⁵Se sources confirmed a slight increase within 2 m of position. Based on the results of this study, it is believed that it will be used as supplementary data for safety management of workers in radiation safety facilities during non-destructive testing using radioactive isotopes.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.377-383
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of spatial scatter ray on the chest radiographs of patients on health examination bus. In this paper, we propose a method for minimize unnecessary exposure by measuring the scattered dose after exposure the actual subject and comparing the body mass index (BMI) with the tube current amount mAs. The results of this study showed that the mean BMI of the subjects was $23.31{\pm}3.12$. The mean mAs value was $2.92{\pm}1.19$, which males was higher than females. The mean value of the scatter ray at position 1 in the radiography room was $771.81{\pm}151.15{\mu}Sv/hr$. The mean value of the scatter rays at the position 2 outside the entrance of the radiography room was measured as $53.86{\pm}25.66{\mu}Sv/hr$. As the BMI and mAs was increase the spatial scatter dose was increased at position 1 and position 2 in the photographing room. In order to minimize the exposure dose of scatter ray, radiation workers should shoot the radiation as low as possible within the range that does not impair the quality of the image. It will be necessary to make efforts to not wait for a waiting person near the entrance door of the photographing room.