• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.860-879
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• 2002

Traditionally, Geographical Information Systems can only process spatial data in a procedure-oriented way, and the data can't be treated integrally. This method limits the development of spatial data applications. A new and promising method to solve this problem is the spatial structural query language, which extends SQL and provides integrated accessing to spatial data. In this paper, the theory of spatial structural query language is discussed, and a new geographical data model based on the concepts and data model in OGIS is introduced. According to this model, we implemented a spatial structural query language G/SQL. Through the studies of the 9-Intersection Model, G/SQL provides a set of topological relational predicates and spatial functions for GIS application development. We have successfully developed a Web-based GIS system-WebGIS-using G/SQL. Experiences show that the spatial operators G/SQL offered are complete and easy-to-use. The BNF representation of G/SQL syntax is included in this paper.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1535-1545
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• 2022

Sign language has completely different meaning depending on the direction of the hand or the change of facial expression even with the same gesture. In this respect, it is crucial to capture the spatial-temporal structure information of each movement. However, sign language translation studies based on Sign2Gloss2Text only convey comprehensive spatial-temporal information about the entire sign language movement. Consequently, detailed information (facial expression, gestures, and etc.) of each movement that is important for sign language translation is not emphasized. Accordingly, in this paper, we propose Spatial-temporal Keypoints Centered Sign2Gloss2Text Translation, named STKC-Sign2 Gloss2Text, to supplement the sequential and semantic information of keypoints which are the core of recognizing and translating sign language. STKC-Sign2Gloss2Text consists of two steps, Spatial Keypoints Embedding, which extracts 121 major keypoints from each image, and Temporal Keypoints Embedding, which emphasizes sequential information using Bi-GRU for extracted keypoints of sign language. The proposed model outperformed all Bilingual Evaluation Understudy(BLEU) scores in Development(DEV) and Testing(TEST) than Sign2Gloss2Text as the baseline, and in particular, it proved the effectiveness of the proposed methodology by achieving 23.19, an improvement of 1.87 based on TEST BLEU-4.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.27 No.2 (1)
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• pp.113-115
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• 2000

A GIS software GEO Millennium SystemTM has been developed to integrated with spatial database that combines conventional and spatially related data. As we known well the standard query language lacks the support of spatial data type and predicate, and can not serve as the query language in the spatial database directly; some extended strategies have been proposed, but some of them need their own storage manager, some introfuce new clause into the SELECT-FROM-WHERE structure, and some is very complex and available to us. So we designed our own query language on the conventional storage manager system. It supports the Spatial Data Type and predicate, and provides the full query capabilities of SQL on the non-spatial part of the database while being tightly integrated with the spatial part, without changing the standard SQL structure.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.63-76
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• 1999

This paper is to clarify the spatial characteristics of settlements in rural area. Especially the study is viewed through the geographical language in Eumsung-Kun, which is one of typical rural settlements situated in Chung Buk. The number of geographical languages collected in Eumsung-Eup and Wonnam-Myun is 150. The geographical languages could be classified into 8 groups and 4 categories. The main results are as follows; 1) The study method by geographical language is effective to analyze the spatial organization of settlements as a living space. 2) The classification and categorization of geographical language showed clearly the formation process and spatial characteristics of settlements.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 Hadoop에 공간 데이터를 저장하고 SQL 기반 질의언어에 의하여 공간 데이터를 질의할 수 있는 공간 빅데이터 질의처리 시스템을 제시한다. 제안한 시스템은 대용량의 공간 빅데이터를 HDFS 기반의 저장 시스템에 저장하고 공간 데이터 처리기능이 추가확장된 SQL 기반 질의언어로 질의를 할 수 있도록 지원하며 OGC 심플 피처모델 기반의 공간 데이터 표준 데이터타입과 함수를 지원한다. 본 논문에서는 질의언어 파싱, 질의언어 검증, 질의계획 생성, 저장시스템 연동 등 질의처리의 주요 기능 개발을 제시하였다. 제안한 시스템의 성능을 기존 시스템과 비교하였으며, 실험에서는 Hadoop에 저장된 공간 데이터에 대한 영역질의의 질의실행시간에 있어서 비교 시스템 대비 약 58%의 성능향상을 나타냄을 보였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제9B권3호
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• pp.383-388
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 GUI(Graphical User Interface)를 사용하여 사용자가 상호 작용적으로 도형 언어(visual language)의 CMG(Constraint Multiset Grammars) 문법을 기술함으로서 자동으로 공간 파서를 생성하는 공간 파서 생성기 SPG(Spatial Parser Generator)의 구현에 대하여 논한다. 본 시스템의 장점은 다음과 같다. (1) 사용자가 도형 언어의 문법을 정의하고 실제로 파싱하고 싶은 도형 언어를 입력하는데 사용되는 도형 에디터를 가지고 있다. (2) 사용자가 도형을 이용하여 대략적인 CMG 문법을 자동으로 생성한 뒤, 수정하여 최종적인 CMG 문법을 정의하도록 한다. (3) 제약 해소기(Constraint solver)를 가지고 있어서 파싱된 도형 언어들이 그 생성 규칙에 쓰여져 있는 제약을 유지한다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.245-248
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a framework for synchronization of spatial data between mobile devices and a server by using SyncML(Synchronization Markup Language) that is standard specification for synchronization protocol. We used GML (Geographic Markup Language) to support interoperability of spatial data between various data sources. We also used metadata and catalog service to access and integrate distributed spatial data, considering relationships of spatial data and non-spatial data.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.145-150
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• 2002

Web GIS (Geographic Information Systems) service systems provide the various GIS services of analyzing and displaying the spatial data with friendly user-interface. These services are expanding the business domain and many users want to access the distributed various spatial data. But, it is difficult to access diverse data sources because of different spatial data format and data access methods. In this paper, we design and implement web GIS services based on the inter-operability and GML (Geography Markup Language) of OGC(Open GIS Consortium) in web distributed environment. Inter-operability provides unique accessing method to distributed data sources based on OLE DB technology of Microsoft. In addition, GML support web GIS services based on XML. We design these GIS services as components using UML (Unified Modeling Language) of an object-oriented modeling language for specifying, visualizing, constructing, and documenting the artifacts of software system. In addition, they also were developed in object-oriented computing environment, and it provides the interoperability, language-independent, easy developing environment as well as re-usability.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.141-168
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• 2014

Recognizing spatial information associated with events expressed in natural language text is essential not only for the interpretation of such events and but also for the understanding of the relations among them. However, spatial information is rarely mentioned as compared to events and the association between event and spatial expressions is also highly implicit in a text. This would make it difficult to automate the extraction of spatial information associated with events from the text. In this paper, we give a linguistic analysis of how spatial expressions are associated with event expressions in a text. We first present issues in annotating narrative texts with reference relations between event and spatial expressions, and then discuss surface-level linguistic characteristics of such relations based on the annotated corpus to give a helpful insight into developing an automated recognition method.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2009

이 논문은 공간 사진을 이용한 u-GIS 콘텐츠를 생성할 수 있도록 하는 GeoPhoto 콘텐츠 마크업 언어를 제안하고 있다. 제안된 GeoPhoto 콘텐츠 마크업 언어는 상이한 여러 플랫폼에서 개인 맞춤형 공간 사진 영상 정보를 표출 및 활용할 수 있는 콘텐츠를 지원하기 위한 GeoPhoto 콘텐츠 모델과 마크업 언어를 포함하고 있다. GeoPhoto 콘텐츠 언어는 다양한 공간 사진 콘텐츠를 제작할 수 있도록 GeoPhoto, CubicPhoto, SequenceGeoPhoto 타입을 기반으로 현재 많이 사용되고 있는 다양한 지리 정보, 위치 정보, 사진 정보등의 정보를 융합하여 표현하는 기능을 지원한다. 또한, 사진과 관련한 다양한 콘텐츠 모텔을 제공 할 수 있도록 다양한 GeoPhoto 콘텐츠 모텔과 이 콘텐츠들 사이의 연산들을 설정할 수 있도록 지원한다. 이 논문은 GeoPhoto 콘텐츠를 표현하기 위한 연산으로서 Annotation 연산과 Enlargement 연산, Overlay 연산들을 제안하고 있다.