• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제54권8호
• /
• pp.3073-3084
• /
• 2022

The propagation of radiation source uncertainties in spent nuclear fuel (SNF) cask shielding calculations is presented in this paper. The uncertainty propagation employs the depletion and source term outputs of the deterministic code STREAM as input to the transport simulation of the Monte Carlo (MC) codes MCS and MCNP6. The uncertainties of dose rate coming from two sources: nuclear data and modeling parameters, are quantified. The nuclear data uncertainties are obtained from the stochastic sampling of the cross-section covariance and perturbed fission product yields. Uncertainties induced by perturbed modeling parameters consider the design parameters and operating conditions. Uncertainties coming from the two sources result in perturbed depleted nuclide inventories and radiation source terms which are then propagated to the dose rate on the cask surface. The uncertainty analysis results show that the neutron and secondary photon dose have uncertainties which are dominated by the cross section and modeling parameters, while the fission yields have relatively insignificant effect. Besides, the primary photon dose is mostly influenced by the fission yield and modeling parameters, while the cross-section data have a relatively negligible effect. Moreover, the neutron, secondary photon, and primary photon dose can have uncertainties up to about 13%, 14%, and 6%, respectively.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제57권1호
• /
• pp.90-104
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 시간별 실제 기상데이터를 토대로 한 CALPUFF 모델링 수행을 통하여 민원지역에 대한 신뢰성이 있는 모델링 결과를 도출하였다. 무창형 계사 P1 및 P2의 방진망 구조물(chamber) 및 개방형 계사 P3로부터의 오염원 배출 및 확산거동을, 부피오염원으로서의 CALPUFF 모델링 또는 각 방향의 배출면적을 가중치로 한 수직 배기의 평균 선속도인 모델 배출 선속도($u^M_y$)를 적용한 점오염원으로서의 최종 CALPUFF 모델링으로 구현하였다. 또한 계사 P1, P2 및 P3에서의 배출되는 악취 및 분진오염원 배출량에 대한 각각의 제거효율(0, 20, 50 및 80%) 또는 각각 대응되는 emission rate (100, 80, 50 및 20%)에 따른 시나리오를 기본으로, CALPUFF 모델링을 수행하여 각각에 대한 민원지역의 농도예측을 수행하였다. 이러한 민원지역에 대한 암모니아, 황화수소, $PM_{2.5}$ 및 $PM_{10}$에 대한 농도예측과 악취방지법 및 대기환경법에서 요구되는 오염물질 농도와 비교하여, 계사 P1, P2 및 P3에 요구되는 암모니아, 황화수소, $PM_{2.5}$ 및 $PM_{10}$에 대한 제거율을 산정하였다. 그 결과로서, "P1, P2 및 P3에서 각각의 배출농도를 줄인 비율만큼 각각의 discrete receptor에서의 농도가 같은 비율로 감소한다"는 가정(a priori assumption)이 본 CALPUFF 모델링 범위 내에서 적용 가능함이 입증되었다. 한편 부피오염원을 적용한 CALPUFF 모델링을 수행한 경우에서 방지시설의 요구되는 제거효율은, 점오염원을 적용한 CALPUFF 모델링을 수행한 경우와 비교하였을 때에 P1의 경우에는 상호간에 유사하였으나, P2와 P3에서 암모니아와 $PM_{10}$의 경우에 더 높게 나타났다. 그럼에도 불구하고 민원해결을 위한 안전한 접근방법으로서 부피오염원으로서 CALPUFF 모델링을 선정하였다. 이에 따라서 본 연구에서는 암모니아, 황화수소, $PM_{2.5}$ 및 $PM_{10}$와 같은 오염원배출에 대하여 무창형 계사 P1 및 P2에 요구되는 정량적 방지수준을 타당하게 도출하였다.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제25권7호
• /
• pp.386-391
• /
• 2013

The dynamic characteristics of both raw-water source and air source heat pump utilized in water treatment facilities were investigated by using TRNSYS simulator. The modeling of the raw water source heat pump was verified by the measured data at the Cheongju water treatment facility, and the modeling at the air source heat pump was verified by the data from the Siheung water treatment facility. The average heating and cooling COPs from the raw-water source heat pump were higher than those of the air source heat pump by 19% and 18%, respectively. The power consumptions of the air source heat pump for the cooling and the heating were higher than those of the raw water source heat pump by 28% and 26%, respectively.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제58권1호
• /
• pp.42-48
• /
• 2009

Microgrid supplies loads with power interconnected grid. And it is defined a independent power system compounded micro sources over two devices which have enough capacity to operate independently, storage devices and loads. The energy sources of micro source have different dynamic characteristics corresponding to classes and application skills. However their transient responses are various from a few seconds to minutes. Therefore it is limitation for understanding operation characteristics of microsource modeling constant voltage source or constant current source. This paper shows that we designed EMTP/RV model of micro source which is microturbine based energy source. And we performed dynamic analysis of micro source corresponding to operation mode of microgrid.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
• /
• 제23권11호
• /
• pp.1020-1026
• /
• 2013

An accurate railway environmental noise prediction model is required to make the proper solution of the railway noise problems. In this paper, an engineering model for predicting the noise of conventional passenger cars is presented considering the acoustic source strength in octave-band frequencies and the propagation over grounds with varying surface properties. Since the formation of a train can be variable, the source strength of each locomotive and passenger car was estimated by measuring the pass-by noise and analysing the wheel-rail rolling noise. Some validation cases show on the average small differences between the predictions of the present model and the measurement results.

• 전력전자학회논문지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.67-76
• /
• 2012

This paper proposes the aggregated modeling and control of integated boost-flyback converter (IBFC) for understanding of dynamics characteristic and designing of relevant controller. The basic concept of the aggregated modeling is to substitute the boost or the flyback converter with an equivalent current source. Since each converter with equivalent current source corresponds to the basic boost and flyback converters, the overall mathematical process is significantly simplified for the modeling. Afterwards each result is combined to construct the complete model of the IBFC, and the relevant controller is designed through the achieved small-signal model. Simulation and experimental results show excellent agreement with the theoretical expectations.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.237-241
• /
• 2001

The uncertainties associated with fluence calculation at the pressure vessel have been evaluated for the Korean Next Generation Reactor, APR1400. To obtain uncertainties, sensitivity analyses were performed for each of the parameters important to calculated fast neutron fluence. Among the important parameters to the overall uncertainties, reactor modeling and core neutron source were examined. Mechanical tolerances, composition and density variations in the reactor materials as well as application of $r-{\theta}$ geometry in rectilinear region contribute to uncertainty in the reactor modeling. Depletion and buildup of fissile nuclides, instrument error related to core power level, uncertainty of fuel pin burnup, and variation of long-term axial peaking factors are main contributors to the core neutron source uncertainty. The sensitivity analyses have shown that the uncertainty in the fluence calculation at the reactor pressure vessel is +12%.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.475-478
• /
• 2016

이 논문은 농축산물 식품 메타데이터를 GS1 표준 메타데이터 서비스인 GS1 Source를 적용하여 운용하는 법을 다룬다. 농축산물 식품을 식별하기 위해 사용되는 GS1 식별자에 대한 정의, 농축산물 식품 메타데이터를 GS1 표준 스키마를 만족하는 문서로 만드는 방법에 대한 가이드라인, GS1 Source에 저장된 메타데이터를 쿼리하는 방법에 대한 가이드라인에 대해 설명한다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.93-98
• /
• 2005

근거리에서의 무선설비제어, 구내음성통신과 같은 전파통신설비의 송수신 모듈에 실리콘 바이폴라 트랜지스터가 많이 사용되고 있다. 이러한 실리콘 바이폴라 트랜지스터의 내부 전류원에 대한 새로운 모델링 방법이 제시되었다. 제안된 방법은 Si-BJT의 새로운 열 저항 추출방법과 전류원 파라메터에 대한 새로운 해석적인 방정식에 기반을 두고 있다. 이 방법은 기존의 방법에서 채택된 반복적인 최적화 과정 없이 바로 파라메터를 구할 수 있다. 제안된 방법을 5개의 핑거를 가지는 $0.4\times20[{\mu}m^2]$ 의 Si-BJT에 이 방법을 적용시켰으며, 모델링된 데이터는 측정결과를 $3[\%]$ 이내의 오차로 잘 예측하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2001

Reflection method using ultrasonic source has been attempted to obtain the information about tunnel lining structures composed of lining, shotcrete, water barrier and voids at the back of lining. In this work, two different types of sources, i.e. single-pulse source and sweep source, can be used. Single-pulse source with short time duration has the frequency content whose amplitudes tend to be concentrated around the dominant frequency, whereas sweep source with long time duration denotes a flat distribution of relatively larger amplitude over a broad frequency band, although the peak to peak amplitude of single-pulse source wavelet is equivalent to that of sweep source one. In traditional seismic application, a single-pulse source(weight drop, dynamite) is typically used. However, to investigate the fine structure, as it is the case in the tunnel lining structure, the sweep wavelet can be also a desirable source waveform primarily due to the higher energy over a broad frequency band. For the investigation purposes of sweep source, a physical modeling is a useful tool, especially to study problems of wave propagation in the fine layered media. The main purpose of this work was using a physical modeling technique to explore the applicability of sweep source to the delineation of inner layer boundaries. To this end, a two-dimensional physical model analogous to the lining structure was built and a special ultrasonic sweep source was devised. The measurements were carried out in the sweep frequency range 10 ∼ 60 KHz, as peformed in the regular reflection survey(e.g. roll-along technique). The measured data were further rearranged with a proper software (cross-correlation). The resulting seismograms(raw data) showed quitely similar features to those from a single-pulse source, in which high frequency content of reflection events could be considerably emphasized, as expected. The data were further processed by using a regular data processing system "FOCUS" and the results(stack section) were well associated with the known model structure. In this context, it is worthy to note that in view of measuring condition the sweep source would be applied to benefit the penetration of high frequency energy into the media and to enhance the resolution of reflection events.