• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1076-1086
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• 2010

해양오염퇴적물 정화기술의 조속한 국내 정착을 위하여, 육상 토양오염 정화공법들이 해양퇴적물에도 적용될 수 있는지를 해양오염퇴적물 정화사업이 고려되는 울산 방어진과 진해 행암만의 퇴적물을 대상으로 해양오염퇴적물에 활용 가능한 설비를 갖춘 입자분리 및 세척의 세 공법을 사용하여 중금속 제거 가능성을 위주로 평가하였다. 모래에 비하여 중금속 농도가 높은 울산 방어진의 니질 및 점토질에서 각 공법별 중금속 제거 정도는 입자분리의 경우, 비소(As) 81.5%, 수은(Hg) 93.8%이고, 세척의 경우, 카드뮴(Cd) 72.2%, 수은(Hg) 87.1%이며, 같은 분야의 다른 세척의 경우, 카드뮴(Cd) 70.8%, 납(Pb) 65.6%로 나타났다. 실증실험 결과로부터 사용한 입자분리 및 세척 공법은 모래뿐만 아니라 니질과 점토질 크기의 미세입자에 함유된 중금속까지 효과적으로 처리할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 입자분리보다 입경별 분리, 공정수에 의한 세척, 산 또는 유기용매 등 첨가제에 의한 물리적, 화학적 반응 등 처리공정으로 구성된 세척공법에 의한 중금속 제거가 보다 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 한편 모든 조건에서 처리한 산물의 중금속 농도는 토양오염우려기준 중 3지역 기준에 적합하므로, 중금속 처리뿐만 아니라 처리한 산물을 육상에서 매립지용 복토재, 토목, 건설용 재생토사 등으로 재이용하기위한 처리기술로서 적합한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2010

This study was performed to suggest a soil loss reduction skill through estimating soil erosion from a small watershed including each type of sloping agriland by using GEOWEPP model. Experimental watershed at Gangwon province was selected for very typical sloping fields of highland agriculture in Alpine area. Runoff discharge and sediment load, hourly rainfall amount occurred during storm event were gauged, and weather data were obtained from Daegwallyeong meteorological station. The results of GEOWEPP model estimation showed that relative error values for total runoff discharge and sediment load were 3 %, -14.5 % respectively. Based on the result, soil erosion and waterway path map for each hillslope were made to select target hillslope. Several hillslopes of severe soil erosion were analyezed and then the optimal vegetative filter strip construction width and waterway path to plant grass were decided by using GEOWEPP Model.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.537-547
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• 2018

Sediment discharge by rainfall runoff affects water quality in rivers such as turbid water, eutrophication. In order to solve various problems caused by soil loss, it is important to establish a sediment management plan for watersheds and rivers in advance. However, there is a lack of sediment data available for estimating sediment discharge in ungauged basins.. Thus, reasonable research is very important to evaluate and predict the sediment discharge quantitatively. In this study, cluster analysis was conducted to classify gauged watersheds into hydrologically homogeneous groups based on the watershed characteristics. Also, this study suggests a method to efficiently predict the sediment discharge for ungauged basins by developing and evaluating the SDR equations based on the PA-SDR module. As the result, the SDR equations for the classified watersheds were derived to predict the most reasonable sediment discharge of ungauged basins with 0.24 % ~ 10.89 % errors. It was found that the optimal parameters for the gauged basins reflect well characteristic of sediment movement. SDR equations proposed in this study will be available for estimating sediment discharge on ungauged basins. Also it is possible to utilize establishing the appropriate sediment management plan for integrated management of watershed and river in Korea.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2001

개발에 의하여 증가된 토사유출량의 유역외 배출을 최소화하기 위한 침사지 등의 설계에 필요한 검증된 토사유출량 산정기법이 국내에는 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 현재까지 개발된 각종 장·단시간 호우에 대한 외국의 토사유출량 산정 기법들 중 개정범용토양손실공식(RUSLE)의 국내 적용 가능성을 검토하였다. 전국 7개 개발현장에서 실측한 강우 및 토사유출량 자료를 RUSLE공식에 적용, 그 적용범위 및 한계성 등을 검토한 결과 국내 개발지역에 대한 토사생산량 산정기법으로써의 가능성을 확인하였으며 RUSLE공식의 적용시 우리나라에서 많이 범하고 있는 각 인자별 산정 오류에 대해서도 검토하였다. RUSLE공식 적용시 필요한 토사전달률에 대해서도 우리나라에 적합한 두 가지 기법을 제시하였다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2008

각종 개발사업은 사업 전, 사업 중 및 사업 후에 다양한 환경적, 수리학적 및 생태계적 변화를 초래한다. 그 동안의 국내 환경정책은 개발 사업 완료 이후 발생하는 각종 환경적 위해성에 대하여 관리를 하여왔으나, 수질오염총량관리제의 시행과 더불어 개정된 수질 및 수생태계 보전법률에서는 개발 과정 중의 환경적 위해성을 최소화하기 위하여 개발 사업에서의 토사유출 관리를 권고하고 있다. 하지만 현재 국내에는 각종 개발사업장별 토사유출에 대한 기초적인 자료의 해석과 토사유출 원단위 산정의 미흡으로 토사관리에 애로사항을 보이고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 우리나라의 기후학적, 토양학적, 지형적인 특성으로 인해 발생되는 토사유출량에 대하여 환경영향평가대상사업을 중심으로 분석하여 개발사업 면적당 토사유출량에 대한 원단위를 산정하고자 한다. 이러한 연구를 위하여 2000년에서 2005년까지 총 1,036개의 협의된 환경영향평가사업에 대하여 환경영향평가서와 관련 부처(환경부, 농림부, 산림청, 건교부 등)의 자료를 분석하였다. 또한 고랭지 밭의 토사유출량은 고령지 농업에 따른 오염물질 배출 특성조사 최종보고서와 환경부의 소양호 비점오염원 관리지역 관리대책자료를 이용하였다. 이러한 연구를 통한 결과, 각 개발 사업으로 인한 토사유출량에 관한 자료로부터 우선적으로 관리되어야 할 것은 개발 전에는 산지개발, 개발 중에는 체육시설, 개발 후에는 산지개발로 분석되었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.497-506
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• 2010

Severe muddy water problem has been the hot issue in Korea. Because of increased nonpoint source pollutions at Kangwon province, best soil erosion management system is required to reduce inflow of nonpoint source pollutions into the waterbodies. The USLE-based SATEEC system have been developed and enhanced for soil erosion and sediment yield estimation. However, the SATEEC cannot estimate soil depositions depending on topography in the watershed, while the USPED estimates soil erosion and deposition using sediment transport capacity of the surface runoff. In this study, the SATEEC and USPED were used to determine soil erosion hot spot subbasins. For this, 54 subbasins were delineated. In general, soil erosion hot spot subbasins were identified similarly with SATEEC and USPED. However, depending on erosion and deposition patterns in each subbasin. USPED estimated soil erosion hot spot subbasins didn't match those estimated with SATEEC. For some subbasins, much deposition was expected than erosion. This indicates that SATEEC estimated soil erosion values may be overestimated for these subbasins. Thus, care should be taken when understanding soil erosion status in the watershed based on USLE-based SATEEC results. In addition, the USPED results could be used to identify the site-specific soil erosion best management practices. If the USPED and USLE-based SATEEC are combined, it would help determining soil erosion hot spot subwatersheds in economic and environmental perspectives.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2013

Water quality and contamination of sediment is a growing concern in the Iksan stream of Korea. Heavy metal contamination and changes in the physicochemical properties of the stream were evaluated. Water and sediment samples were collected from six sites during the dry and rainy seasons; pH, DO, EC, ORP, turbidity, $PO_4$-P, $NO_3$-N and selected heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Ni, As, Zn, Cd, Hg) were measured. Results showed almost no change in pH between seasons. DO was highest at site 2 (~2.63 mg/L) in the dry season; EC (1,540 ms/m) was greatest at site 1 in both seasons. The ORP gradually increased from the dry to rainy season at most of the sites and was highest at site 5. Turbidity was highest at site 1 and gradually decreased from the dry to rainy season at all sites except site 3. $PO_4$-P ranged from a high of 1,193mg/L at site 1 to in the dry season to a low of ~1.2 mg/L at site 4. In contrast, $NO_3$-N was highest at site 3 in the rainy season (12,531 mg/L). Among the heavy metals measured, Cu and Zn concentrations were highest at all sediment sites. Cu and Zn are added to livestock feed to improve reproductive rates and can be carried to the stream with manure. Transport of sediment and heavy metals during the rainy season is the major source of stream contamination and it is important to continue monitoring and take necessary action in these areas.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2010

Although the demands for the dredging work have been increasing due to social and industrial reasons including national plan for restoration of four major rivers, environmental standards or management guidelines for the dredged river sediment are limited. The suggested environmental standard for the beneficial use of dredged river sediment consists of two levels, recyclable and concern, and includes eight contaminants such as metals and organic contaminants. The systematic approach to remediate dredged river sediment is also suggested. The system consists of both washing and stabilization processes with continuous multi particle separation. In the early stage, the sediments are separated into two particle sizes. The coarse-grained sediment over 0.075 mm, generally decontaminated with less trouble, follows normal washing steps and is sent for recycling. The fine-grained sediments under 0.075 mm are separated again at 0.025 mm. The particles bigger than this second separation point are treated in two ways, advanced washing for highly contaminated sediments and stabilization for less. The lab test results show that birnessite and apatite are most effective stabilizing agents among tested for Cd and Pb. The most fine residues, down-sized by continuous particle separation, are finally sent for disposal. The system is tested for metals in this study, but is expected to be effective for organic contaminants included in the environmental standard, such as PAH and PCE. The feasibility test on the field site will be followed.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2001

본 연구는 분포형 개념에 기초한 USLE(Universal Soil Loss Equation)의 매개변수의 산정방법과 유역에서 발생한 유사전달률을 중심으로 수행되었다. 그리드를 이용한 분포형 개념의 모형은 경사가 가장 급한 방향으로 한 그리드에서 다른 그리드로 유사를 추적할 수 있다. 여기서는 기존에 조사된 경기도 지역에 위치한 10개의 농업용 저수지의 토사유출량과 유역의 물리적인 특성을 수집하여 연구에 이용하였다. 한 그리드의 유사전달률은 그 그리드의 숲이나 토사이동을 방해하는 면적비와 관계가 있다고 정의하고 $C_1$이라는 비례상수를 도입하였다. 8개 저수지에 대하여 모형을 보정하고 나머지 2개 저수지에 대하며 검정을 실시하였으며 유역의 물리적인 특성과 $C_1$과의 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 회귀분석 결과를 2개의 저수지 유역에 검정한 바 적절한 결과를 보였으며 본 연구에서 제안한 모형의 적용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2007

In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to assess spatiotemporal effects on watershed runoff and sediment characteristics due to land uses changes from 1999 to 2002 at the small watershed, located in Chuncheon-si, Gangwon province. The annual average flow rate of Scenario I (long-term simulation using land use of 1990), II (long-term simulation using land use of 1996), III(long-term simulation using land use of 200) and IV(simulation using land use of 1990, 1995, and 2000) in long-term simulation) using the SWAT model were 29,997,043 m3, 29,992,628 m3, 29,811,191 m3 and 29,931,238 m3, respectively. It was shown that there was no significant changes in estimated flow rate because no significant changes in land uses between 1990 and 2000 were observed. The annual average sediment loads of Scenarios I, II, III and IV for 15 year period were 36,643 kg/ha, 45,340 kg/ha , 27,195 kg/ha and 35,545 kg/ha, respectively. The estimated annual sediment loads from Scenarios I, II, and III, were different from that from the scenario IV, considering spatio-temporal changes in land use and meterological changes over the years, by 10%, 127%, and temporal changes in land use and meterological changes over the years, by 10%, 127%, and 77%. This can be explained in land use changes in high soil erosion potential areas, such as upland areas, within the study watershed. The comparison indicates that changes in land uses upland areas, within the study watershed. The comparison indicates that changes in land uses can affect on sediment yields by more than 10%, which could exceed the safety factor of 10% in Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). It is, therefore, recommended that not only the temporal analysis with the weather input data but also spatial one with different land uses need to be considered in long-term hydrology and sediment simulating using the SWAT model