• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.51-64
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• 2014

Most planting grounds have converted to the artificial ground of the upper part of underground parking lot in apartment complex recently by increasing utilization of underground parking area. This study has examined the composition of each ground and planting status. The study presents problems of planting plans in artificial ground landscaping in apartment complex. This study has conducted reference and field research. It has researched green space planning, planting characteristics and measures condition of soil depth in 3 regions surveyed. The results are listed below. First, hybrid ground has the highest percentage and natural soils has the lowest percentage in the composition of green space in apartment complex. Artificial green space is composed of a number of small-scale grounds. Second, The study has found that planting characteristics don't reflect soil properties. On the other hand, planting deep rooting big arbors has a high proportion in artificial Ground. Third, the study has figured out 98% of fit in minimum soil depth for growth. Fourth, planters and landscaping stones are constructed in case of small green space. On the other hand, mounding is constructed in case of large green space. However in case of mounding types it has low fit, so it needs to improve this problem.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.47-62
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• 2022

The Ministry of Environment has been working to reduce the impact on biodiversity, ecosystems, and social costs caused by soil runoff from highland Agricultural fields by setting up non-point pollution source management districts. To reduce soil loss, runoff path reduction technology has been applied, but it has been less cost effective. In addition, non-point pollution sources cause environmental conflicts in downstream areas, and recently highland Agricultural fields are becoming vulnerable to climate change. The Ministry of Environment is promoting the optimal management plan in earnest to convert arable land into forests and grasslands, but since non-point pollution is not a simple environmental problem, it is necessary to approach it from the aspect of NbS(Nature-Based Solution). In this study, a scenario for applying the nature-based solution was established for three subwatersheds west of Haean-myeon, Yanggu-gun, Gangwon-do. The soil loss distribution was spatialized through GeoWEPP and the amount of soil loss was compared for the non-point pollution reduction effect of mixed forests and grasslands. When cultivated land with a slope of 20% or more and ginseng fields were restored to perennial grasslands and mixed forests, non-point pollution reduction effects of about 32% and 29.000 tons compared to the current land use were shown. Also, it was confirmed that mixed forest rather than perennial grassland is an effective nature-based solution to reduce non-point pollution.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.231-245
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• 2010

The the purpose of this study was to analyze of the vegetation structure and phytosociological changes in the area adjacent to GeumJeong Mountain Fortress for fifteen years. The result of this study was as follows; Of the 8 quadrates, site of the North Gate 2 was having a highest in the number of extinct trees, 15 kinds. This is probably due to trampling effect caused by climbers' steps. Site of the West Gate 1 and South gate 1 each had 8 kinds of extinct trees, respectively. The number of newly appeared trees was highest at site of the North Gate 1, (8 kinds) followed by the sites of South gate 1 and South gate 2, respectively (5 kinds). The highest decrease in number of tree species was observed in North Gate 1, therefore, there is a strong relationship between vegetation diversity and the number of users of the available spaces. In order to revitalize the unstable vegetation structure of the Area Adjacent to GeumJeong Mountain Fortress, Robinia pseudo-acacia has to be well maintained in the shrub tree layer, and vines, such as Smilax china, Humulus japonicus, and Pueraria thungergiana, should be removed. To recover natural vegetation, dead leaf layer should be protected, and more shrub trees need to be planted. In the understory and shrub tree layer, multi layer tree planting is highly recommended to recover natural vegetation and increase tree diversity. In order to improve bad soil condition caused by trampling effect of recreational users, special treatments to the soil structure are required, such as mulching and raking soil. Also, depending on its soil damage from users trampling, the areas in the park should be divided into usable areas and user limited areas by the sabbatical year system. To improve the soil acidity due to acidic rain, soil buffering ability should be improved by activating microorganisms in the soil by using lime and organic material.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제102권3호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2013

이 연구는 하동 송림 내 토양과 입지특성을 분석하고, 이용자들에 대하여 설문 조사를 실시함으로써 향후 송림의 토양복원 및 합리적 관리방안을 제시하고자 수행하였다. 하동 송림에서 평균토양용적밀도는 휴식년제지역($1.39g/cm^3$)이 비휴식년제지역($1.31g/cm^3$)보다 약간 높게 나타났다. 하동 송림의 휴식년제 지역에서 산책길의 토양용적밀도($1.74g/cm^3$)는 임내($1.39g/cm^3$)보다 약 1.3배 높은 값을 나타내었으며, 토양의 공극률은 산책길(34.6%)이 임내(47.7%) 보다 1.4배 낮았다. 비휴식년제지역에서 산책길의 토양용적밀도($1.53g/cm^3$)는 임내($1.31g/cm^3$)보다 약 1.2배 높았으며, 토양의 공극률은 송림의 산책길(42.6%)이 임내(50.5%) 보다 1.2배 낮은 값으로 나타났다. 또한 하동 송림(산책길)에서 토양의 공극률은 휴식년제지역(34.6%)이 비휴식년제지역(42.6%)보다 낮게 나타났다. 송림 지표토양의 토양경도는 휴식년제지역, 비휴식년제지역은 각각 10.5, $8.5kgf/cm^2$로 토양용적밀도의 결과와 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 송림의 토양 화학성(토성, 토양pH, 유기물함량, 전질소, 양이온치환용량, 치환성양이온)은 식물이 성장하는데 영향을 미치는 적정함량에 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 송림을 탐방하는 이용자들은 휴양 및 경관조망이 주를 이루고 있고, 송림의 소나무 숲 생태계를 유지 보전하기 위한 관리를 위해서 휴식년제의 실시와 아울러 음주가무, 흡연, 오물투기 등 송림에서 행해지는 이러한 사항에 대한 단속 및 금지에 대한 교육이 필요한 것으로 응답하였다. 설문 응답자들은 현재 송림의 소나무 숲 생태계는 비교적 양호하다고 판단하지만 소나무 숲 생태계를 보전하기 위한 보다 적극적인 관리와 아울러 소나무숲 하층식생으로 자생종 화본과식물의 도입을 요구하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2019

With the diversification of research using UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)s, the possibility of remote sensing research for urban green spaces is increasing. UAVs can be used as an investigation method to monitor the successful construction of the park and the planting of vegetation since its creation. This study was carried out to investigate UAVs utilization of urban green space monitoring in Dosol Square. It was photographed three times on May 21, July 13, and September 16, 2018 using DJI Phantom3 pro, Inspire2, and Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera. Orthographic images were overlaid on the planting plan of the site and the construction results were checked, the change of vitality of the plantation area was analyzed by NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and SAVI(Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index). As a result, it was confirmed that the UAVs are very effective for surveying the view of the urban green space after the construction and recording the results, which can be grasped quantitatively by overlaying the planting plan map. UAVs are more likely to be used in terms of monitoring vegetation vitality. It is interpreted that SAVI is better than NDVI in the green space just after composition. Chionanthus retusus and Pinus strobus were analyzed for their low level of vitality, and partially damaged and their vitality was lowered. In addition, there was difficulty in grass planting area and flower garden due to drainage and summer drought problems. In the future, it is expected that orthoimage and multispectral data using UAVs will be useful in the early vegetation monitoring and management field of urban green spaces.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2004

The research was carried out to define the environmental characteristics and vegetation structure of the evergreen fern habitat in Jejudo. The growth conditions of evergreen fern in various habitats was surveyed, including topographical features, vegetation structure, air temperature, humidity, intensity of light, water content and organic matter content in the soil. In the direction of the native habitat, 70% of research area was located in the southeast-facing slopes, 30% was located in southern slopes. The gradient ranged from $0^{\circ}$ to $30^{\circ}$. Temperature ranged from $16^{\circ}C$ to $28^{\circ}C$, and $22.3^{\circ}C$ was the average. Humidity ranged from 20 to 68%, and 36% was the average. In the native habitat, the highest light intensities reached 60,000 to 80,0001ux, but in general ranged from 300 to 40001ux. Water content in the soil ranged from 32% to 59%, organic matter content ranged from 8 to 13%. Within a unit of 25$m^2$, there were tall-tree layer such as Quercus galuca and Castanopsis cuspidata with a covering of rate 40~80%, a sub-tall-tree layer such as Camellia japonica, Staphylea bumalda and Sambucus williamsii with the covering rate of 3~5%, a shrub layer with the covering rate of 5~20%, and a grass layer with the covering rate of 40~95%. This research provides the basic data about the native habitat environment of the evergreen fern plant. Continuous monitoring and accumulation of data is necessary for the use of evergreen fern as vegetation materials.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2010

This study used a phytosociolocal approach in classifying the vegetation communities of evergreen broad-leaved forest in Gageodo island of Korea, and the results are as follows: Quercus acuta community was classified into Dendropanax morbifer subcommunity, Daphniphyllum macropodum subcommunity, and Quercus acuta typical subcommunity. In the study sites, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorous, exchangeable K, exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Mg, cation exchange capacity, and soil pH were ranged from 15.23~18.89%, 0.73~0.99%, 4.31~15.06 (mg/kg), 1.09~1.13 ($cmol^+$/kg), 21~7.15 ($cmol^+$/kg), 1.33~2.10 ($cmol^+$/kg), 33.04~38.28 ($cmol^+$/kg) and 4.47~4.83 respectively. The Dendropanax morbifer subcommunity were found in sites with high percentage of organic matter, total nitrogen, and low percentage of exchangeable Mg and Ca while the Daphniphyllum macropodum subcommunity were found in sites with low percentage of organic matter, total nitrogen, exchangeable Mg and Ca. The Quercus acuta typical subcommunity were found in sites with high percentage of organic matter, total nitrogen, exchangeable Mg and Ca. It is urgently needed to work for the preparation of an island management plan to the levels of species through habitat conservation.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.187-200
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• 2020

Despite the eco-friendly route plan, road slopes were collapsed due to road construction, resulting in human and property damage. To solve this problem, the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs established guidelines in 2009 to conduct a test-bed for slope recording considering the conditions of the site and the ecological environment, and divided them into recording quality and economic evaluation. The following results were obtained by analyzing 183 construction methods of cut-soil sections at 60 sites from 2012 to 2018 for road slope afforestation research. Straw net+seedspray, vegetation media spray method 1T, 3T were used the most, and vegetation media spray method 3T(patent) was excellent in quality, and straw net+seedspray was excellent in economics. As a result of analyzing the market unit price and the construction unit price, vegetation media spray method submitted the construction unit price at up to 60% lower than the market unit price. As a result of the analysis of the key factors of the greening method evaluation, the economic assessment had the greatest influence on all evaluation items. Problems in the evaluation method of revegetation were first identified as problems in the allocation of points and secondly as problems in the evaluation criteria. As for the improvement of the economic assessment criteria, the method was proposed to evaluate the same method based on market unit price when the same method was constructed, and not to conduct an economic assessment if there was a difference in market unit price between methods, or to add weight to the scores. Based on the monitoring data of 60 road slopes, this study drew up problems and improvement measures. However, with regard to scoring, research on appropriate scoring is needed by examining the current status.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

이 논문은 한국의 멸종위기 식물의 환경적 특성을 연구하고, 그들의 자생지와 유사한 대상지에 복원을 실시하고, 모니터링을 포함한 유지관리 시스템을 적용시켜 적정한 성장을 유도하는 것이 주된 목적이라 할 수 있다. 한국도로공사 수목원에서 멸종위기 및 한국특산식물을 대상으로 실시한 자생지 조사 결과를 기초하여 5종의 복원대상종을 선정하였고, 이들의 자생지 환경과 유사한 환경을 가진 고속도로 시설지에 식재를 실시하였다. 이후 3년간 모니터링을 실시한 결과, 예상보다 많은 개체 고사가 발견되었으며, 이는 토양, 수분관리, 비점오염원 저감 및 귀화식물의 관리 등이 포함된 전략적 유지관리 시스템이 부족하였기 때문으로 분석되었다. 여러 가지 한계점에도 불구하고, 이 연구의 결과는 향후 한국 멸종위기식물의 고속도로 복원 및 자생지의 효율적인 유지관리 기준마련을 위한 참고자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.221-234
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• 2023

This study was conducted to develop a habitat assessment system for the endangered wildlife II Kirengeshoma koreana Nakai through in-depth interviews with experts based on field surveys and environmental characteristics through spatial data analysis and literature research. Evaluation factors were selected based on the survey results of 31 variables for 23 K. koreana habitats. Afterwards, the importance and evaluation range for each assessment factor were selected. The selection of survey variables, assessment factors, importance of each factor and assessment range was conducted through in-depth interviews with experts at each stage. As a result, the assessment factors and importance were 16% for precipitation of the wettest month, 10% for vegetation zone, 12% for vegetation type, 10% for crown canopy vitality, 14% for tree layer coverage, 13% for drainage grade, 12% for soil depth, and 13% for distance to stream including dry stream. This study provides basic ecological information and a habitat assessment system for K. koreana habitats. Therefore, it can be used as primary data for preparing an endangered wildlife conservation policy, preparing a habitat improvement plan, and selecting an alternative habitat.