• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제104권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2015

숲 조성을 위한 조림체계(silvicultural systems)에서 건전한 묘목 생산은 매우 중요한 단계이다. 이 연구의 목적은 포지의 토양 개량이 물푸레나무, 소나무, 잣나무 묘목의 생장과 양분함량에 미치는 영향을 구명하는 것이다. 장기간 사용된 국유 포지 위에 새로운 토양을 30 cm 높이로 쌓은 '객토', 굴삭기를 이용하여 기존 포지를 깊이 100 cm까지 뒤집기 한 '심토뒤집기', 그리고 기존 포지 토양과 객토를 1:1로 혼합하여 30 cm 높이로 쌓은 '혼합' 처리를 3반복 처리한 후 토양특성, 생장 및 양분변화를 분석하였다. 미사와 점토의 함량은 심토뒤집기 처리에서 가장 높았고 유기물, 질소, 인 함량은 객토 처리구에서 가장 낮았다. 물푸레나무의 생장은 객토 처리에서 유의하게 낮았고 다른 수종에서는 처리 간 차이가 없었다. 물푸레나무 묘목의 식물체 조직 양분 농도는 모두 뿌리에서만 유의한 차이가 있었고, 질소, 인, 칼륨 농도는 심토뒤집기 또는 객토 처리에서 가장 낮았다. 물푸레나무는 혼합 처리에서 흡수한 질소량에 비해 생장이 더 증가하여 식물체 농도는 감소하고 양분 함량은 증가하는 '양분희석' 현상을 보였다. 이 연구는 기존 포지 토양과 객토를 1:1로 혼합한 방법이 경제적이면서도 악화된 포지 토양을 개량할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2019

The upsurge of population, internal migration, economic activities and developmental works has brought significant land use and land cover (LULC) change over the period of 1990 and 2010 in the Bagmati basin of Nepal. Along with alteration on various other ecosystem services like water yield, water quality, soil loss etc. carbon sequestration is also altered. This study thus primary deals with evaluation of LULC change and its impact on the soil carbon storage for the period 1990 to 2010. For the evaluation, InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) Carbon model is used. Residential and several other infrastructural development activities were prevalent on the study period and as a result in 2010 major soil carbon reserve like forest area is decreased by 7.17% of its original coverage in 1990. This decrement has brought about a subsequent decrement of 1.39 million tons of carbon in the basin. Conversion from barren land, water bodies and built up areas to higher carbon reserve like forest and agriculture land has slightly increased soil carbon storage but still, net reduction is higher. Thus, the spatial output of the model in the form of maps is expected to help in decision making for future land use planning and for restoration policies.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2013

Limited resources for construction material in the Mae-Hae region, a remote Northern Thailand, acted as an impetus to introduce a new way for constructing their dwellings. The new construction material brought new construction methodology, namely, using earth and bamboo which are indigenous materials, readily available for them to use. Using indigenous material at Mae-Hae region was most ecological and logical method for establishing sustainable dwellings both in terms of monetary and ecological reasons. Prior to the construction at Mae-Hae, Thailand, series of experimental tests on the strength of rammed earth were performed off site at our university and also brought soil samples from the actual job site at Mae-Hae for detailed soil analysis. Through the tests, integrity of the earth and characteristics of the soil were established to build a small senior citizen center as an example. This appropriate technology is expected to contribute to the sustainable construction at Mae-Hae.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 1976

The lecturer pointed the agriculture in change brought about population bomb and economic development, and he appealed the scientists of soil and fertilizer to make proposals for establishing their constructive attitudes toward the situations of agriculture. The points emphasised by the lecturer for the improvement of future food situation were: fox example the elucidation of the ancient agricultural technology of Korea which is a important attempt for development of agricultural technology of Korea and Japan, and soil improvement with special attention to the efficiencies of phosphate, silicate, cations and trace elements. He showed some Japanese examples of natural pollution as both of a sufferer and an assailant of agriculture which are resulted from the high economic development, and some methods of solution, for example active application of legumes capable for fixing atmospheric nitrogen to wasted soils. He also pointed the need of lower consumption of energy and resources, and new understanding of wild plant species for the future agriculture. Some methods of other fields of sciences were emphasised for developing the soil and fertilizer researches.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1971

논 또는 밭상태하(狀態下)에서 생(生)짚을 시용(施用)했을 경우(境遇)와 그렇지 않았을 경우(境遇)에 시용(施用)한 탄산석회(炭酸石灰)와 소석화(消石火)가 토양(土壤) 및 토양용액(土壤溶液)의 pH 변화(變化)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 알고저 5릿터들이 폴리에칠렌 폿트에 전토(塡土)하여 시험(試驗)한 바 얻어진 결과(結果)는 아래와 같다. 1. 탄산석회(炭酸石灰)를 시용(施用)하고 밭상태(狀態)로 방치(放置)했을 때는 소석회(消石灰)를 시용(施用)했을 때와 같이 토양(土壤)의 pH를 크게 높였으나 탄산석회(炭酸石灰)를 시용(施用)하고 담수상태(湛水狀態)로 방치(放置)했을 때는 그렇지 못하였다. 2. 생(生)짚 시용(施用)으로 인(因)한 토양환원(土壤還元)인 발달(發達)은 토양(土壤)의 pH를 상승(上昇)시키는데 큰 효과가 있었다. 토양환원(土壤還元)과 석회시용(石灰施用)으로 인(因)하여 상승(上昇)된 토양(土壤) pH는 토양용액중(土壤溶液中)에 중탄산(重炭酸) Ion 이 축적(蓄積)되고 탄산(炭酸)까스의 분압(分壓)이 높아짐으로서 점차(漸次) 감소(減少)된다. 이 사실(事實)로 미루어 중간낙수(中間落水)나 중경(中耕)과 같은 작업(作業)은 담수토양(湛水土壤)의 pH를 높이 유지(維持)하는데 유효할 것 같다. 3. 환원(還元)된 담수토양(湛水土壤)에서 생성(生成)된 탄산(炭酸)이나 중탄산염(重炭酸鹽)은 그 토양(土壤)의 완충능(緩衝能)을 증가(增加)할 것이다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.88-96
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• 2007

Organic farming systems based on ecological concepts have the potential to produce sustainable crop yields with no decline in soil and environmental qualities. Recent expansion of sustainable agricultural systems, including organic farming, has brought about need for development of sustainable farming systems based on value judgments for key properties of importance for farming. Chemical and microbiological properties were chosen as indicators of soil quality and measured at soil depth intervals of 5-20 and 20-35 cm in conventional and organic-based apple orchards located in Yeongchun, Gyeongbuk. The orchards were two adjacent fields to ensure the same pedological conditions except management system. Soil pH in organic farming was around 7.5, whereas below 6.0 in conventional farming. Organic farming resulted in significant increases in organic matter and Kjeldahl-N contents compared to those found with conventional management. Microbial populations, biomass C, and enzyme activities (except acid phosphatase) in apple orchard soil of organic farming were higher than those found in conventional farming. Higher microbial quotient ($C_{mic}/C_{org}$ ratio) and lower microbial metabolic quotient for $CO_2(qCO_2)$ in organic farming confirmed that organic farming better conserves soil organic carbon. Biological soil quality indicators showed significant positive correlations with soil organic matter content. These results indicate organic-based farming positively affected soil organic matter content, thus improving soil chemical and biological qualities.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.286-293
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• 1983

한국(韓國), 일본(日本) 및 태국(泰國)의 논토양(土壤)을 홍시(洪試)하여 수종유기물(數種有機物)을 첨가(添加)했을 때 지양성(地養性) 질소고정력(窒素固定力)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 알고져 실내시험(室內試驗)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유기물(有機物) 첨가(添加)에 의(依)한 타양성(他養性) 질소고정(窒素固定) 미생물(微生物)의 질소고정력(窒素固定力)은 Glucose > 볏짚 > 퇴비(堆肥)의 순으로 높고 3개토양간(個土壤間)에 현저(顯著)한 차이(差異)가 있었다. 2. 탄소(炭素) 1g당(當) 질소고정력(窒素固定力)은 토양(土壤)에 따라 상이(相異)하나 담수(湛水)30일간(日間) 췌동(萃東)(한국(韓國)) 2.20mg, 홍소(鴻巢)(일본(日本)) 0.80mg, 그리고 Ratchaburi 토양(土壤)(태국(泰國))이 0.85mg/100g이였다. 3. 논토양(土壤)의 질소고정력(窒素固定力)은 근래(近來) 수년간(數年間) 유기물(有機物) 및 화학비료(化學肥料)를 전혀 시용(施用)하지 않은 토양(土壤)(Ratchabur) 및 화학비료(化學肥料)만을 시용(施用)한 토양(土壤)(홍소(鴻巢))에 비(比)하여 볏짚을 운용(運用)한 토양(土壤)(췌동통(萃東統))에서 현저(顯著)히 높았음. 4. 논토양(土壤) 질소고정미생물(窒素固定微生物)에 의(依)한 전질소(全窒素) 고정력(固定力)은 사질토양(砂質土壤)보다 식질토양(殖質土壤)에서 높으나 광합성(光合成) 질소고정(窒素固定) 미생물(微生物)에 의(依)한 질소고정력(窒素固定力)은 반대(反對)로 식질(殖質)보다 사질토양(砂質土壤)에서 높았다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 1988

간척지토양(干拓地土壤)에 대하여 토양개량제(土壤改良劑)로서 석고와 탈산칼슘을 사용(使用)하여 처리농도(處理濃度)와 혼합방법(混合方法), 그리고 퇴비시용(堆肥施用)에 따른 제염효과(除鹽效果)를 구명(究明)하기 위하여 제염(除鹽)의 진행경과(進行經過)에 따른 토양(土壤)의 이화학적(理化學的) 특성(特性) 변화(變化)를 토양(土壤) column상(上)에서 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 사용(使用)한 토양개량제(土壤改良劑) 모두 수리전도도(水理傳導度)를 증가(增加)시켰고 수리전도도(水理傳導度)는 석고를 사용하였을 때가 탄산칼슘을 사용할 때보다 높게 나타났다. 토양개량제(土壤改良劑)의 처리수준(處理水準)이 높을수록 수리전도도(水理傳導度)는 증가(增加)하여 제염시간(除鹽時間)을 단축시켰다. 토양개량제(土壤改良劑)의 혼합방법(混合方法)에 따른 제염효과(除鹽效果)를 비교(比較)하였을 때, 완전혼합(完全混合)이 표면혼합(表面混合)보다 그 효과(效果)가 높게 나타났다. 퇴비처리(堆肥處理)는 pH의 증가(增加)를 일으켜 수리전도도(水理傳導度)의 현저한 감소(減少)를 초래(招來)하였다. 제염(除鹽)이 진행(進行)되는 동안의 토양(土壤)의 이화학적(理化學的) 특성(特性) 변화(變化)는 사용(使用)한 토양개량제(土壤改良劑)의 종류(種類), 처리수준(處理水準), 혼합방법(混合方法) 및 퇴비시용(堆肥施用)등에 의하여 영향(影響)을 받은 것 같다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.40-48
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• 2010

Saemangeum reclaimed area is needed to construct much green zone to make high-quality multi-functional land such as tide embankment, lake dike, industrial complex, environmental spaces, etc. However, growth of plants is somewhat difficult because a salinity of Saemangeum soil is very high and a soil fertility, water content of soil are low. Therefore, it is essential to initial desalination of soil and continuous management for planting base. It is recommended that a group of grassland to raise the efficiency of covering should be made in the first stage and a forest by improvement of vegetation should be made in the mid and long term stage. It is recommended that the construction of vegetation base should be made with a regular thickness of soil of good quality in multi-functional area such as a shrub and wood. In case of construction of a windbreak forest, it is necessary to make a wood base of suitable depth using soil brought from another place or filling of soil. Also, it is necessary to keep a maintenance of woods in early stage. Saemangeum reclaimed land will be brand-named worldwide tourist attractions due to construction of much green zone having high quality multi-functional facilities.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1974

The most commonly grown economical and flue-cured tobacco cultivar Yellow Special A was used in pot-culture tests in order to study Ethrel (2-chloroethyl phosponic acid) effects on accelerating maturity of tobacco leaves in relation to the most adequate level of the chemical useful for field growing, nitrogen level in soil for the most pronounced response, and the most suitable spray period during the growth stages of pre-, post- and topping periods. The following conclusions, thus, were obtained from the present studies; 1. 500ppm Ethrel spray was reconfirmed to be adequate in the practical applications, although the extent of yellow-ripening of tobacco leaves was increased as the Ethrel level increased. The highest leevel treated resulted in causing chemically damaged lesions on leaves and early defoliation. 2. Ethrel-treated leaves showed deeper yellowish tinge to them than those without treatment, while different levels of the chemcial had less influence on the tinge. 3. An adequate level of nitrogen supply to plants favored the Ethrel response, whereas either very low or high level of nitrogen in the soil lowered the chemical effect on accelerating the yellow-ripening. When carbohydrates versus total nitrogen ratio became relatively high, the condition brought out some outstanding Ethrel effects. 4. Chlorophyll level of leaves increased as soil applications of nitrogen level increased, and that also increased carotenoid level of the tobacco leaves. Ethrel-treated leaves showed deeper orange tinge than those without treatment, while the highest level of nitrogen application showed the deepest orange tinge to tobacco leaves. 5. Pre-topping treatment (12 days before topping and flowering) resulted in almost no Ethrel response, and that treatment right on the day of topping, showed response of yellow-leaf ripening at nearly bottom-half leaves of a tobacco plant. The post-topping treatment (12 days after topping) made plants showing full response of Ethrel from bottom to the top leaves of tobacco plant in accelerating the leaf maturity. 6. The extent of Ethrel responses on accelerating yellow-ripening of tobacco leaves was discussed for the modifying influences brought about by certain environmental factors. Discussions were also made about the possible practical applications (particularly for pre-rice planting) and quality difference that may be caused by such growth environments.