• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2013

Due to its high salt content and poor physical properties in reclaimed tidal lands, it is important to ameliorate soil physical properties to improve the efficiency of desalination. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes of soil properties at Saemangeum reclaimed tidal saline soil with various soil amendments. Field experiment was conducted at Saemangeum reclaimed tidal land in Korea and the dominant soil series was Munpo series (coarse loamy, mixed, nonacid, Mesic, Typic, Fluvaquents). Woodchips, crushed-stone, oyster shell, coal bottom ash, and rice hull were added as soil amendments and mixed into surface soil to improve soil physical properties. There was large variability in soil hardness, but oyster shell treatment was significantly lower soil hardness at surface layer. Soil hardness was not significantly different below 15 cm depth. Infiltration rate was also significantly greater at oyster shell treatment. This may be due to the leaching of Ca ions from oyster shell and improved soil properties. However, there was no statistical significant difference of the soil bulk density, moisture content, and porosity. Improved physical properties increased desalinization rate in soil and retarded the resalinization rate when evapotranspiration rate was high. Although soil salinity was significantly decreased with oyster shell amendment, soil pH was increased that should be made up as a soil amendment. Our results indicated that oyster shell application increased infiltration rate and improved soil hardness, and thus oyster shell could be used to improve soil salinity level at Saemangeum reclaimed tidal saline soil.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.66-70
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• 2001

본 연구에서 밭토양은 부산시의 평균 pH인 인공 산성우(pH=5.34) 조건에서 실험되어졌다. 그리고 산성토양 중 화능을 확인하기 위해 토양산도, CEC(양이온 치환능력)와 K, Ca, Na와 같은 알칼리 금속에 대해 분석하였다. 굴껍질은 치환성 양이온을 다량 함유하고 있기 때문에 산성 토양 개선제로의 역할을 할 수 있을 것이고 하수슬러지의 토양 첨가는 슬러지 처분의 대체 방안으로 기대된다. 본 연구의 목적은 하수슬러지 및 굴껍질의 적정처리방법으로 산성토양에 주입시 그 개선효과를 검토하고자 하였다. 토양과 하수슬러지의 비율을 각각 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3으로 한 것과 토양 : 하수슬러지와 굴껍질 혼합물의 비율을 각각 9:1, 8:2, 7:3으로 한것을 대상토양에 첨가하였다. 실험 결과, 토양산도는 약간 감소하였고 CEC는 약간 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 알칼리 금속의 경우는 실험기간동안 지속적으로 감소되어져 토양산도, CEC와는 다른 농도경향을 나타내었다. 결과적으로 굴껍질이 혼합된 하수슬러지는 산성토양 개선제로서 역할을 할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.227-231
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• 2012

Reforestation is one of the most important ways to reduce erosion soil. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of jellyfish soil amendment on seedling growth for reforestation. 100g jellyfish soil amendment was applied into planting hole for the purpose of improvement of the Chamaecyparis obtusa seedling growth. Results showed that during growing period, mortality were 4.4% for the fertilized group and 8.3% for control group. The seedling average height and root diameter were 95.0 cm and 1.07 cm in fertilized group and 40.6 cm and 0.74 cm in control group. The fertilized group was found to be superior (by 1 to 5%) to control group in terms of mortality rate, seedlings height, and root diameter. The positive growth of the fertilized group can be due the increase in soil moisture and the higher availability of nutrients to the plants from jellyfish fertilizer.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2016

This study evaluated the applicability of stabilization of arsenic (As)-contaminated soil with iron (Fe) oxides at the former Janghang smelter site. Three Fe oxides (magnetite, goethite, and hematite) were tested as stabilizing agents to one soil sample collected from the study site. Amendment of 5% of magnetite, goethite, or hematite for one week showed the 64, 58, and 36% of reduction of the SBRC (Solubility/Bioavailability Research Consortium)-extractable (bioaccessible) As, respectively. Duration of stabilization more than one week did not show an additional reduction in SBRC-extractable As. Amendment of 5% of magnetite, which showed the highest As stabilization efficiency, was applied to 24 soil samples collected from the same site for one week, and 72% of reduction in the bioaccessible As was observed. The potential carcinogenic human health risk at the study site caused by As was $1.7{\times}10^{-5}$, which could be reduced to $8.1{\times}10^{-6}$ by the amendment of 5% magnetite for one week.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2020

고속도로는 많은 자동차 운행대수와 함께 높은 주행속도 및 급격한 주행속도 변화구간(휴게소, 영업소 등)으로 인하여 비점오염물질의 배출이 높은 지역에 해당한다. 국내 고속도로는 절토층 및 성토층에 조성됨으로써 적정 토양침투량 확보가 어려워 다양한 종류의 비점오염저감시설이 설치되지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 토양치환 기법에 대한 연구를 통해 고속도로에 설치 가능한 시설의 종류를 확대하고 비용효율적 침투시설의 설계를 유도하기 위하여 수행되었다. 침투율이 낮은 원지반에 토양치환을 수행할 경우 시설 내 체류시간이 약 30% 지연되고, 시설 내 침투 및 저류율은 약 20% 증대하며, 비점오염물질 Total Suspend Soiled (TSS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand(BOD), Total Nitrogen(TN) 및 Total Phosphorus(TP) 제거효율이 약 20% 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 원지반 내 침투율이 낮은 곳에 토양치환을 수행할 경우 저류량, 체류시간 및 침투면적이 증가하여 침투율이 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 원지반 토양의 침투능이 낮은 토양에 침투시설을 적용하기 위해서는 물환경보전법 시행규칙 별표17(비점오염저감시설의 설치기준)의 개선이 필요하며, 이 경우 토양 침투율이 시간당 13 mm 이하일 때 토양치환을 통해 법적 처리용량을 확보하도록 요구할 수 있다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.667-671
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to study on the construction of environmentally friendly roadbed by reinforcing type soil solidification agent. The soil amendment agent used in this study is friendly to the environment, and has a function of soil-cement-agent solidification. The soil amendment agent was admixed with reinforced fiber material for enhancement of strength and durability of roadbed. The project of trial field test of roadbed construction with special reinforcing soil treatment agent was performed in Gyunggido on December 2003. A series of field and laboratory experiments including unconfined compressive strength, permeability were carried out to investigate the physical and mechanical characteristics of solidified roadbed treated by this reinforced solidifying agent. The results of this research showed that the roadbed using normal and poor soil could be efficiently constructed by treatment of this reinforcing type solidification agent admixed with fiber material.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.955-966
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• 2017

Amendment of multi-binders was employed for the immobilization of metal(loid)s in field-contaminated soils to reduce the leaching potential. The effect of different types of multi-binders (lime/diammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate/ladle slag and lime/ladle slag) on the solidification/stabilization of metal(loid)s (Pb, Zn, Cu and As) from the smelter soil and mine tailing soil were investigated. The amended soils were evaluated by measuring Toxicity Characterization Leaching Procedure (TCLP) leaching concentration of metal(loid)s. The results show that the leaching concentration of metal(loid)s decreased with the immobilization using multi-binders. In terms of TCLP extraction, the mixed binder was effective in the order of lime/ladle slag > diammonium phosphate/ladle slag > lime/diammonium phosphate. When the mixed binder amendment (0.15 g lime+0.15 g ladle slag for 1g smelter soil and 0.05 g lime+0.1 g ladle slag for 1 g mine tailing soil, respectively) was used, the leaching concentration of metal(loid)s decreased by 90%. However, As leaching concentration increased with diammonium phosphate/lime and diammonium phosphate/ladle slag amendment competitive anion exchange between arsenic ion and phosphate ion from diammonium phosphate. The Standard, Measurements and Testing programme (SM&T) analysis indicated that fraction 1 (F1, exchangeable fraction) decreased, while fraction 4 (F4, residual fraction) increased. The increased immobilization efficiency was attributed to the increase in the F4 of the SM&T extraction. From this work, it was possible to suggest that both arsenic and heavy metals can be simultaneously immobilized by the amendment of multi-binder such as lime/ladle slag.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2012

본 실험은 무기 토양개량제가 골프장 그린의 지반 조성용으로 사용 시 크리핑 벤트그래스 '펜크로스'의 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 2005년 5월부터 12월까지 신원골프장 너스리에서 수행되었다. 조사내용은 토양 pH, 비중, 보수력, 투수계수, 경도, 뿌리길이, 잔디 분얼경 밀도, 건물중을 조사하였다. 무기 토양개량제 처리구의 토양 pH는 잔디 생육에 적합한 6.7~6.8, 토양비중은 S 100%처리구가 1.48로 다른 처리구 1.28-1.38내외보다 무거웠다. 투수속도는 ZC 15%+P 5%+S 80%와 ZC 10%+S 90% 처리구가 USGA 기준보다 2-4배 빨랐다. 토양 경도는 S 100%에서 가장 높았다. 뿌리길이는 무기 토양개량제가 혼합된 ZC10%+S90% 처리구가 7.6~10.0 cm로 가장 길었다. 여름철 생육 부적기의 잔디밀도는 P 5%+S 95% 처리구가 다른 처리구보다 분얼경수가 4-7개 더 많았으며, 생육 적기에는 ZC 10%+P 5%+S 85% 처리구가 2-3개 많았으며 통계적 유의성이 있었다. 생육 부적기 건물중은 ZC 10%+P 5%+S 85% 처리구가 가장 무거웠으며, 생육 적기의 건물중은 P 5%+S 95% 처리구가 가장 무거웠다. 따라서 USGA 그린 조성 시 혼합층에 무기 토양개량제를 단독(5-15%) 사용 것보다 피트모스(5%)와 혼합하여 사용한다면 그 효과는 상승할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Soil amendment was necessary applied for the sand that had been used to root zone of green ground in golf course because of its low water retention power and cation exchangeable capacity. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the mixed ratio of peat moss and coconut coir as soil amendment materials on the soil physicochemical properties applied to rootzone based on sand. METHODS AND RESULTS: The soil amendments were blended at 0, 3, 5, 7 and 10% by soil volume. The pH in the peat moss treatment was lower than that of control (0% soil amendment), and pH and electrical conductivity (EC) in the coconut coir were higher. The blending ratio of peat moss was negatively correlated with pH of rootzone soil (p<0.01), and that of coconut coir positively with EC (p<0.01). As compared with control, capillary porosity, the physical factors such as air-filled porosity, total porosity, and hydraulic conductivity of rootzone soil were increased by applying peat moss and coconut coir. For correlation coefficients between percentage of soil amendments and soil physical factors, peat moss and coconut coir were positively correlated with porosity and hydraulic conductivity (p<0.01). CONCLUSION(S): These results indicated that the application of peat moss and coconut coir affected on the change of physicochemical properties of rootzone soil, and improved soil porosity and hydraulic conductivity.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

This research was conducted to compare the effect of soil amendment and loess on physial and chemical properties of dredged soil and primary height growth of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. Three types of research plots: control plot (Dredged soil only), DC treatment plot (Dredged soil + soil amendment) and DCL treatment plot (Dredged soil + soil amendment + Loess) were set at Okgu research site in Saemanguem. 32 trees of U. davidiana var. japonica were planted in each plots after 14 months from the construction. Soil texture, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), available P, exchangeable cation ($K^+$, $Na^+$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$) and sodium chloride were measured after 3 years from the construction. Also, survival rate and height of U. davidiana var. japonica were measured 22 months after planting, and the correlation between height of trees and the physico-chemical properties of soil were analyzed. Even though pH in both DC and DCL treatment plots are lower than control plot, they are still alkaline (> pH 8). OM, TN and available P in both DC and DCL treatment were higher than the control. Particularly, the content of available P in both DC and DCL treatment plots are 1.4~5.1 times and 2.0~3.1 times higher than the control respectively. The concentration of exchangeable Mg in DCL treatment plot was 1.1~5.5 times higher than the control (p < .05). The survival rate of the species was the highest in DCL treatment plot (98%) followed by DC treatment plot and the control. The average height of the trees in both DC and DCL treatment plots is 1.1m while the control is 0.8m. OM, TN, available P, K+ were significantly related to the height of U. davidiana var. japonica(p < .01). The results indicate that soil amendment affects on soil physial and chemical properties of dredged soil and height growth of U. davidiana var. japonica.