• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2005

Since the safety of nuclear power plant has been becoming a big social issue the exposure dose of radiation for workers has been one of the important factors concerning the safety problem. The existing calculation methods of radiation dose used in the planning of radiation work assume that dose rate does not depend on the location within a work space thus the variation of exposure dose by different work path is not considered. In this study, a modified numerical method was presented to estimate the exposure dose during radiation work in radwaste storage considering the effects of the distance between a worker and sources. And a new numerical algorithm was suggested to search the optimal work path minimizing the exposure dose in pre-defined work space with given radiation sources. Finally, a virtual work simulation program was developed to visualize the exposure dose of radiation doting radiation works in radwaste storage and provide the capability of simulation for work planning. As a numerical example, a test radiation work was simulated under given space and two radiation sources, and the suggested optimal work path was compared with three predefined work paths. The optimal work path obtained in the study could reduce the exposure dose for the given test work. Based on the results, tile developed numerical method and simulation program could be useful tools in the planning of radiation work.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.43-66
• /
• 2020

This study analyzed Korean children's books that include ethnically and racially diverse characters, focusing on representation of ethnic minority and cultural sensitivity. Drawing from fiction recommendations by Happy Morning Reading from 2005 to 2017, only 32 books out of 3,214 books, less than 1%, include people with racially and ethnically diverse background. Among the 32 books, 23 featured educative messages inspired by the belief of social justice; four could be categorized as so-called 'melting pot' books, five depicted stories featuring characters that respect different cultures from their own. The issue tackled in the stories differed with the economical standing of the character's country of origin. When a character or her/his parent is from a developing country, the main issues of the book were racial discrimination, bullying, hostility against foreign-born parents, or harsh experience of migrant workers. On the other hand, when a character or her/his parent is from a developed country, the plots often surround the character's hopes, wishes, or personal worries. Only one book was illustrated by a person with immigration background; the others were all written and illustrated by Koreans with no immigration background.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.64-88
• /
• 2010

Rapidly increasing transnational migration can be seen as a typical process which has proceeded under macro-contexts of socio-spatial characters of origin and destination country and their relationships, shaped with global uneven regional development in the process of glocalization and development of transportation and communication on the global level. In order to consider macro-contexts of transnational migration, this paper emphasizes the concept of multicultural space and some key elements implied in it, that is, place, territory, network, scale (suggested by Jessop et al.) and spatial flow and difference. As results of questionnaire analysis of foreign immigrants' recognition of macro-contexts, this paper suggests some findings: that is, a high level of recognition of all types of foreign immigrants on global changes, the most negative recognition of migrant workers among 4 types of foreign immigrants on economic and social conditions of their origin country, a positive recognition of people in all regions of their origin (except few countries such as Japan) on international migration, and a low level of their recognition in all types on S. Korea's characters as their destination country.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.436-448
• /
• 2000

Objectives : To identify the factors affecting users' satisfaction with the Order Communicating System(OCS) and to highlight the factors important for the successful establishment of OCS. Methods : A Users Satisfaction survey was sent to 4,513 people, consisting of 1,503 doctors, 2,379 nurses, 255 pharmacists and 370 administrative workers in 16 hospitals which had introduced OCS. The response rate was 63.9%. Measurement of users' satisfaction was peformed with the instrument which was used in Doll's study. Some aspects of Doll's instrument were adjusted according to the aims of this study. The classifying sections of this survey included age, job and status classification, computer experience, OCS education, duration of daily OCS use, type of order entering, number of personnel in the Hospital Information System's department, cost of OCS, problem frequency, proportion of work managed by hand, OCS type, and Hospital establishment type. Results : There was a positive correlation between satisfaction level and managerial status throughout all job classifications. Irrespective of the importance of OCS education as a factor relating to users' satisfaction, the additional work load caused by OCS lowered users' satisfaction. Different factors affected users' satisfaction according to job and status classification. The composition of factors affecting the pharmacist and administrative worker satisfaction levels was simpler than that of the doctor and nurse levels. There were no statistically significant differences between the actual computer experience duration of daily OCS use and users' satisfaction with OCS. Conclusions : There was an understandable relationship between users' attitude to OCS and factors affecting users' satisfaction. The results of this study could be used as a basis for the successful expansion of the operation of OCS. But more detailed studies on users' satisfaction and further improvements of methodologies are required for the successful establishment of OCS.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.244-254
• /
• 2009

This paper describes a remote system to monitor the circadian behavioral patterns of elders who live alone. The proposed system was designed and implemented to provide more conveniently and reliably the required functionalities of a remote monitoring system for elders based on the development of first phase prototype[2]. The developed system is composed of an in-house sensing system and a server system. The in-house sensing system is a set of wireless sensor nodes which have pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensor to detect a motion of elder. Each sensing node sends its detection signal to a home gateway via wireless link. The home gateway stores the received signals into a remote database. The server system is composed of a database server and a web server, which provides web-based monitoring system to caregivers (friends, family and social workers) for more cost effective intelligent care service. The improved second phase system can provide 'automatic diagnosis', 'going out detection', and enhanced user interface functionalities. We have evaluated the first and second phase monitoring systems from real field experiments of 3/4 months continuous operation with installation of 9/15 elders' houses, respectively. The experimental results show the promising possibilities to estimate the behavioral patterns and the current status of elder even though the simplicity of sensing capability.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.14-31
• /
• 1988

The national family planning program in Korea, which was instituted as an integral part of the nation's economic development plans since 1962, has contributed greatly to a reduction in the fertility and population growth rate. The total fertility rate dipped from 6.0 births per women in 1960 to 2.0 in 1985, and the population growth rate rom 2.84 percent per year to 1.25 percent during the same period, while the contraceptive practice rate for the 15-44 married women increased from 9 percent in 1965 to 70 percent in 1985. Study findings indicate that the fertility reduction in the past 26 years is largely attributed to the virgorous implementation of the national family planning program, rising age at marriage, wide-spread use of induced abortion, and the changes in attitude regarding the value of children that came into being in the wake of the rapid socio-economic development over the period. Among the strengths of the national family planning program are the following : 1) a pluralistic system of program manageent with active participation of various government and voluntary organizations, 2) utilization of a large corps of family planning field workers to conduct face-to-face communication and motivation activities, 3) use of private physicians with government support to provide contraceptive services, 4) a systematic program management system including program planning of traget allocation, evaluation, and supervision with a broad MIS and award system, 5) numerous incentive and disincentive schemes for stimulating the small family norm and contraceptive use, and 6) strong commitments to the family planning program by political leaders. The new demographic targets during the Sixth Five-Year Economic and Social Development plan period(1987-91) have been set for a further reduction in the population growth rate to 1.0 percent by 1993, assuming that the TFR will decline to 1.75 level in 1995. This target is, however, not easy to achieve due to anticipated unfavorable factors like the strong boy preference, high discontinuation rates of reversible contraceptive methods, fertility termination-oriented contraceptive use, a plateau level of contraceptive practice rate that has mostly accounted for a sterilization, shortened length of birth intervals, and the changing patterns of contraceptive mix. The recent changes in contraceptive and fertility behaviors clearly indicate that the past quantity-oriented management system of the national program should be redirected toward a quality-oriented approach. Particularly, program efforts should be expanded to recruit new contraceptive users in the 20s of younger age groups, both for birth spacing and controlling their fertility since the women aged 20 to 29 account for more than 80 percent of the total annual births in recent years. In addition, the current contraceptive fee system of the national family planning program should be gradually shifted from free contraceptive services to a acceptor's charge system, and the provision of contraceptive services through the medical insurance system, which will cover the entire population by 1989, should be accelerated as a means of integration of family planning program with other health programs.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.133-157
• /
• 2012

This study analyzed plans for retirement by focusing on preferred retirement timing(PRT) measure. Current pension program show rather strong guideline about the timing of full-retirement. This study asked whether the middle age group are willing to retire correspond to the policy guidelines or not. Research sample came from 2008 KLOSA data, recruiting 1,367 workers who are residing in cities or in metropolitan area (women: 34.8%). I have analyzed one item question asking "In what age do you want to fully retire?", The results showed that, about two third of respondents declared they do not want to retire unless they have health problems, or would expect to retire no earlier than age 70. However, a third of respondents expected normal retirement coming between 60~64. Second, the determinants of timing for retirement were differ by PRT. Social determinants, such as gender, short work hours, being employed, and higher status in family income were associated with early PRT. While, good health status, positive view on the future economics were highly associated with late PRT. The results reveal that the timing of retirement is getting more diverse and obscure in the individual level.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.151-163
• /
• 2020

The routinized tasks in the post-COVID era are to be replaced by digital technologies, while there is a high possibility that digital transformation technologies and non-routinized tasks have strong complementarity. In particular, looking at the job composition within Korea's industries, the intensities of routinized works appear to be continuously rising. It suggests that the potential side effects on the labor market caused by the acceleration of digital transformation in the post-COVID era will be greater within Korean innovation system. With this background, this study aims to provide a conceptual framework for dealing with potential crises such as, job polarization and widening gaps between workers in terms of economic earnings, based on an in-depth understanding of the inherent properties of digital transformation that will lead to structural changes in our economic and social system. In particular, focusing on the interaction between digital transformation technology and learning in the post-COVID era, this study attempts to redefine the role of the innovation policy for making a successful transition to a new equilibrium state. In addition, this study examines the institutional conditions of the Korean innovation system which affect the creative learning activities of economic actors to draw policy implications for establishing future-oriented innovation policy. Based on these approaches, this study highlights the importance of coevolution between the skills demand and skills supply to spur inclusiveness of Korean innovation system in the post-COVID era.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.291-308
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors influencing financial preparedness for retirement of the middle-aged North Korean defectors (resettling in South Korea) using concepts of 'financial literacy' and 'financial inclusion'. Those questioned were 100 North Korean defectors of 40-60 years-old residing in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do Province selected by convenience sampling, one of the non-probability sampling. Path analysis is used as a main analysis method. The results of the study show a direct effect in which increased financial literacy resulted in better financial preparedness for retirement among middle-aged North Korean defectors at a statistically significant level. In addition, by boost-trapping method, financial inclusion has its mediating effect on the relationship between financial literacy and financial preparedness for retirement. However, this study shows that influence of financial literacy on financial preparedness for retirement is different across economic statues. The mediating effect of financial inclusion on the relationship between financial literacy and financial preparedness is statistically significant only for the low-income group. Meanwhile, for the above average income group, financial literacy has a direct effect on the financial preparedness after retirement at a statistically significant level. Based on these results, this study suggests practical and policy implementation such as necessity of customized financial education suited to their economic status, development of financial instruments for retirement, introduction of financial social workers to prepare stable old age of North Korean defectors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.403-412
• /
• 2019

There has been a lively debate between self-employed and wage workers on the speed of minimum wage hikes. Minimum wage is a redistributive policy that evokes confrontation and conflict whereby individuals' views on the policy coincide with their material self-interest. With this in mind, the researcher analyzed whether an individual's labor market status was explanatory to his/her view on the speed of minimum wage hike. Moreover, in light of the likelihood that the varying degree to which self-employed can afford minimum wage hike affects their differential preferences for the policy, the researcher attempted to identify whether there was a moderation effect of income class on the relationship. In the actual analysis, the researcher investigated employment policy survey dataset using a multinomial logit model. The results suggest that, among self-employed, 'gradual increase' and 'rapid increase' of minimum wages are less preferred $vis-{\grave{a}}-vis$ 'minimal increase,' which is the reference. As to the moderation effect, when a self-employed has a middle-income class status, his/her negative preference for the policy is likely to be attenuated. One implication of this study is that subsidizing self-employed small business owners, who are most dissatisfied with the current speed at which minimum wages rise, would be an effective prescription on reducing social conflicts.