• 중국학논총
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• no.65
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• pp.287-302
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• 2020

Social Evolution was the most influential idea in modern China. Chinese intellectuals, who had made the survival of their country and people a top priority in the face of threats from Western powers, accepted the theory of social evolution as an idea calling for national unity. For Liang Qi chao, the theory of social evolution was a reason to raise the modern nation-state and the new people, along with the need for reform. This article examines that philosophical content and meaning modern Chinese social evolution has around his concept of "nation". His ideas, which are regarded as the origin of Asian nationalism, reflect his belief in and will toward a nation-state, and occupy a unique position in the political history of modern China.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.253-275
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• 2022

Niklas Luhmann is one of the most contentious and difficult theorist in sociology but follow-up studies on his theory gradually increase for recent 10 years. The purpose of this study is to observe how follow-up studies use the difficult concepts of Luhmann. Unlike previous studies, this study adopted a keyword rather than an article as the unit of analysis because keywords are linguistic constructs that can make concepts observable. The study analyzed co-occurrence of keywords in 139 articles retrieved from social sciences category in Web of Science DB. The key findings were following: the most important keywords were the name of Luhmann(Niklas Luhmann) and theory(social systems); keywords were grouped into 4 clusters(social systems theory, systems theory, legal system and political system, the significant of Luhmann's theory from the viewpoint of the history of social theory); topic terms were systems theory, communication, Autopoiesis, risk, legal system, functional differentiation, environment, social theory, sociological theory, structural coupling, systems and evolution. The significance of the study is following: the study gives keywords as useful access point for beginners of Luhmann's theory; the study proves that content analysis by keywords network can be applied to trend analysis of difficult theoretical researches.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.195-208
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• 2003

Drawing from journal articles, community nutrition textbooks, government documents, national conference reports, the author's own work in community programming, and discussions with practicing Community Nutritionists, this article illuminates the scope and character of community nutrition in the United States. It traces the roots of community nutrition in home economics, nutrition, education, communication, social and behavioral sciences, and describes the evolution of theory. And finally it suggests issues to be addressed by community nutrition researchers and practitioners through collaborations that integrate perspectives within community nutrition and strategically cross disciplinary boundaries. These include： 1) theory development and application in research and practice within philosophically consistent perspectives； 2) methodological development (qualitative and quantitative) drawing from the social and behavioral sciences that apply to community nutrition； 3) taking a long view of community nutrition and recognizing that change requires integrated efforts over long periods of time； 4) engaging community stakeholders in research as well as program planning and 5) engaging with community nutritionists from other countries for cross-cultural research and conceptualization. This journal and the Korean Society for Community Nutrition, as the only journal and society expressly devoted to community nutrition, would be the best context for such collaborations.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.97-100
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• 2000

In previous research of social dilemma, there is no extended game that the players can select one game out of some social dilemma games. We propose this kind of game as ＂Distributed Social Dilemma＂ In this game, each player tries to acquire the adaptive strategy throughout local interactions. We make use of GA as evolutionary operations. In this paper, our purpose is to examine how the game selection of players influences the evolution of cooperation in distributed social dilemma. In order to examine, we formulate distributed social dilemma by Game Theory and use agent-based simulation that each agent is regard as player

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.655-678
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• 2012

Doris Lessing, who considers science and technology as instruments of capitalism, deals with the theme of 'biological evolution' in The Sirian Experiments, the third book in the Canopus in Argos: Archives series. One of her themes that repeats throughout is that of 'spiritual evolution,' and in The Four-Gated City she even used 'biological evolution' as its metaphor. This paper analyzes The Sirian Experiments using scientific knowledge such as the concept of 'biological evolution' from Charles Darwin's evolution theory and Edward O. Wilson's sociobiology. Lessing concludes that while 'biological evolution' not accompanied with 'spiritual evolution' puts humans in existential problems and mental breakdown, the one in equilibrium with the other can bring social and political revolution. Lessing's concept of 'spiritual evolution' is basically a product of her holistic view and her own philosophical view that human evolution is a necessary process following the Universal Order, which shows that she is influenced by Sufism. The basic tenet in Sufi philosophy is to achieve equilibrium between the rational and non-rational modes of consciousness. Lessing incorporates her rational and irrational ideas into The Sirian Experiments to make a field for confluence where the biological, the sociological, and the spiritual thinking converge.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.333-338
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• 2021

Development of 5th generation mobile telecommunication technology is visualizing ideal hyper-connected social information and communication technology (ICT). In particular, virtual reality (VR) technology is at the starting point for new expansion and leaps. This work defines virtual reality as media in this context and collects and analyzes discourse on its scalability around space and communication theory. We first elaborated the concept, starting with the early discussions of the virtual reality concept in 1990, and discussed the relationship between the physical world and digital information, expression and interaction immersion as a medium, simulation, art creation theory, and finally evolutionary development. In conclusion, beyond the discourse on the technology of virtual reality, academic subjects were required to have theoretical frameworks on cognitive science, neuroscience, social science, and humanities issues (ethics, personality, etc.) for the development and evolution of virtual reality. In other words, it is time for the evolution of virtual reality to be discussed, which can be moved beyond.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1281-1291
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• 2017

This study examines the evolution of e-commerce industry over the past 20 years until the emergence of a new type of commerce, smart commerce, focused on Facebook. The researcher explained the evolutionary process step by step, focusing on the evolution of business model, evolution of platform, evolution of customer service value, analysis and evaluation, applying spiral evolution theory, Based on the axes, we applied the exploration and exploitation theory from the viewpoint of the operator and the user, analysis of innovative technology and customer feedback, and proposed an innovative business model. And researchers expect that theoretical and practical contribution of e-commerce industries and policies, through study of industry evolution.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.2 no.2 s.4
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• pp.55-89
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• 2002

The purpose of this article is to examine and assess the main issues in social constructivism with reference to the history of technology. Social constructivism, as an alternative explanation to technological change, has developed its points actively responding to various criticisms. Historians of technology have joined in dialogues with social constructivists through controversies about narrative vs theory, reliability vs performance, and evolution of bicycle. Social constructivists tend to use new jargons excessively, don't deal historical materials rigorously, and don't consider content-dependency sufficiently. To apply social constructivism to Korean cases many problems should be identified including the deficiency of historical materials, the importance of technological learning, and the peculiarity of relevant social group.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.735-746
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• 2015

Education is the study of work-related education and human aspects. Therefore, it should be understood first fully human. Education is not possible to leave the understanding of human nature. In particular, the history of educational development in China can be grasped by understanding the Humanism Theory. Therefore, to study the evolution of China Humanism Theory to find the historical footprints of Chinese education. Humanism Theory will be able to recognize the impact on educational theory development in China. In conclusion, character education is to increase the economic and social status is revealed and influenced. That the Humanism can grow through training and education is a common opinion of many scholars.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.76-89
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• 2004

Recent studies of science and technology "in-the-making" revealed that the process of designing material artifacts is not a straightforward application of prior images or theories by one (or more) person(s) isolated from his or her (their) environment. Rather, designing is a process contingent on the social and material setting for both engineering designers and students. Over the past decade, designing technological artifacts has emerged as an important learning environment in science classrooms. Through the analyses of a large database concerning an innovative simple machines curriculum for sixth-and seventh-grade students, we accumulated valid evidence for the nature of the designing process and science learning through it. In this paper, we show that design actions intertwine with the transformation of the objectified raw materials and artifact, the designer collective, and the mediating tools enabling that transformation, which constitute the elements of an activity from the perspective of cultural-historical activity theory. We conceptualize the continuous change of relation between material artifacts, designers, and tools throughout the design activity as co-evolution. Two episodes were selected to exemplify synchronic and diachronic change of relations inherent in co-evolving activity system. Finally, we discuss the implications of co-evolution during design activity for science learning.