• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.30-36
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• 2009

With the rapid progress of medical image information system, a variety of researches for the system that can read and decipher the medical images in anytime and anywhere have been studied. In this paper, we develop personal digital assistant (PDA) device based mobile digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) image viewer that can process the received medical images at any time. In particular, with the aid of the proposed mobile DICOM image viewer, we can read several images simultaneously and we can read the selected image only from the several images. To cope with the small size of PDA screen, the function of image enlargement is also included in the proposed mobile DICOM image viewer.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.15-31
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• 2023

Organic solar cells utilized natural polymers to convert solar energy to electricity. The demands for green energy production and less disposal of toxic materials make them one of the interesting candidates for replacing conventional solar cells. However, the different aspects of their properties including mechanical strength and stability are not well recognized. Therefore, in the present study, we aim to explore the chaotic responses of these organic solar cells. In doing so, a specific type of organic solar cell constructed from layers of material with different thicknesses is considered to obtain vibrational and chaotic responses under different boundaries and initial conditions. A square plate structure is examined with first-order shear deformation theory to acquire the displacement field in the laminated structure. The bounding between different layers is considered to be perfect with no sliding and separation. On the other hand, nonlocal elasticity theory is engaged in incorporating the structural effects of the organic material into calculations. Hamilton's principle is adopted to obtain governing equations with regard to boundary conditions and mechanical loadings. The extracted equations of motion were solved using the perturbation method and differential quadrature approach. The results demonstrated the significant effect of relative glass layer thickness on the chaotic behavior of the structure with higher relative thickness leading to less chaotic responses. Moreover, a comprehensive parameter study is presented to examine the effects of nonlocality and relative thicknesses on the natural frequency of square organic solar cell structure.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.101-144
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• 2012

Students mostly precede their learning without any direct support of instructor in e-learning and mobile educational environment. Many useful strategies and tools to facilitate self-regulated learning behaviors in e-learning environment have been introduced, yet, the limit has been reached by only suggesting self-regulated strategies with visual information in the most researches. Accordingly, this research is intent to propose the sound design strategies that facilitate learner's self-regulated learning behaviors in mobile learning environment. To achieve the objective of the research, two research questions are presented. First, what are the sound design strategies that facilitate the self -regulated learning behaviors in mobile learning environment?. Second, what are the results of evaluating the developed sound design strategies in terms of facilitating self-regulated learning behaviors?. To solve these research questions, the literature reviews on characteristics of mobile learning, concepts and features of self-regulated learning and sound were done to establish the sound design strategies. Through formative research method targeting instructional designers, sound design strategies were modified and supplemented. The research to validate these was performed and to verify the effect of the derived sound design strategies, the usability test aimed at instructional designer and learners was conducted. The final sound design strategies through this research process were six general design strategies and the sixteen detailed strategies. This research is meaningful because this offers the basic research on sound information design which has been lacking and help upgrade the upper limit of instructional design which mainly focused on visual information in mobile learning environment that shows information in a small screen.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.451-460
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to identify workstation factors influencing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among information technology (IT) professionals in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 IT workers at small-enterprise companies who were randomly selected across East Java, Indonesia. The data were modeled using multiple linear regression, with a 95% level of confidence for determining statistical significance. Results: The respondents reported that the neck had the highest level of discomfort and was the most at risk of WMSDs, followed by the lower back, right shoulder, and upper back. Screen use duration (p=0.040) was associated with whole-body WMSDs, along with seat width (p=0.059), armrest (p=0.027), monitor (p=0.046), and a combined telephone and monitor score (p=0.028). Meanwhile, the factors significantly related to the risk of WMSDs in the hands and wrist were working period (p=0.039), night shift (p=0.024), backrest (p=0.008), and mouse score (p=0.032). Conclusions: Occupational safety authorities, standards-setting departments, and policymakers should prioritize addressing the risk factors for WMSDs among IT professionals.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.165-178
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• 2007

The recent progress in multimedia signal processing and transmission technologies has contributed to the extensive use of multimedia devices to watch sports games with small LCD panel. However, the most of video sequences are captured for normal viewing on standard TV or HDTV, for cost reasons, merely resized and delivered without additional editing. This may give the small-display-viewers uncomfortable experiences in understanding what is happening in a scene. For instance, in a soccer video sequence taken by a long-shot camera techniques, the tiny objects (e.g., soccer ball and players) may not be clearly viewed on the small LCD panel. Moreover, it is also difficult to recognize the contents of the scorebox which contains the elapsed time and scores. This renuires intelligent display technique to provide small-display-viewers with better experience. To this end, one of the key technologies is to determine region of interest (ROI) and display the magnified ROI on the screen, where ROI is a part of the scene that viewers pay more attention to than other regions. Examples include a region surrounding a ball in long-shot and a scorebox located in the comer of each frame. In this paper, we propose a scheme for raising viewing experiences of multimedia mobile device users. Instead of taking generic approaches utilizing visually salient features for extraction of ROI in a scene, we take domain-specific approach to exploit unique attributes of the soccer video. The proposed scheme consists of two modules: ROI determination and scorebox extraction. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme offers useful tools for intelligent video display on multimedia mobile devices.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.9D no.6
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• pp.1145-1156
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• 2002

We propose a web document transcoding technique that translates existing web pages designed for desktop computers into an appropriate form for hand-held devices connected to the wireless internet. By defining a content block based on a visual separation and using it as a minimum unit for analyzing and converting processes, we can get web pages converted more exactly. We also apply the reallocation of the content block and the generation of new index in order to provide convenient interface without left-right scrolling in small screen devices. These methods, compared with existing ways such as text level summary or partial extraction method, can provide efficient navigation and a full recognition of web documents. To gain those transcoding benefits, we propose the Layout-Forming Tag Analysis Algorithm that analyzes structural tags, which motivate visual separation and the Component Grouping Algorithm that extracts the content block. We also classify and rearrange the content block and generate the new index to produce an appropriate form of web pages for small display devices. We have designed and implemented our transcoding system in a proxy server and evaluated the methods and the algorithms through an analysis of transcoded results. Our transcoding system showed a good result on most of popular web pages that have complicated structures.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Hematological and serum biochemical analyses are routinely used to screen dogs for disease and monitor their clinical progression. These values in dogs may be affected by internal factors, such as breed and age, and external factors like environment, diet, and lifestyle. Apparently, subclinical breed-related variations in hematologic and serum biochemical results have been characterized for Bernese Mountain dogs, Alaskan Malamutes, English Setters, and Golden Retrievers. It is possible that some breed-related differences in clinical pathology analyses may reflect evidence of underlying disease and impact clinical decision plan. In this study, we estimated hematologic and serum biochemical parameters in small breed dogs and compared among four different breed dogs. Blood samples were collected from 38 domestic dogs that were 10 Beagles, 9 Malteses, 10 Poodles, and 9 Miniature Schnauzers. In terms of RBC count, Beagle ($7.2{\pm}0.24{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher count than other breeds (Maltese, $6.51{\pm}0.25{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$; Poodle, $6.35{\pm}0.24{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$; and Miniature Schnauzer, $6.35{\pm}0.25{\times}10^3cells/{\mu}L$). For MCV, Miniature Schnauzer ($67.05{\pm}0.84fl$) results were significantly (P<0.05) higher than Beagle with $64.33{\pm}0.8fl$. For cholesterol value, Beagle ($163.3{\pm}9.15mg/dl$) had significantly (P<0.05) higher values than Miniature Schnauzer with $119.12{\pm}9.64mg/dl$. There was no statistically difference among breeds in terms of enzyme markers of liver diseases. In conclusion, data obtained from this study may be valuable as breed-related variability for interpretation of the results in hematologic and serum biochemical analysis among four small breed dogs.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.1061-1066
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• 2007

Purpose : Early identification of developmental disabilities allows intervention at the earliest possible point to improve the developmental potential. The Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), a parent- completed questionnaire, can be used as a substitute for formal screening tests. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of the Korean version of the ASQ (K-ASQ) as a screening tool for detecting developmental delay of young Korean children in the setting of a busy pediatric outpatient clinic. Methods : Parents completed the K-ASQ in the waiting room of the pediatric outpatient clinic of St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University Medical College. Out of 150 completed the ASQ, 67 who were born term and had no previous diagnosis of developmental delay, congenital anomalies, or neurological abnormalities were enrolled. The cut-off values of less than 2 standard deviations (SD) below the mean for the ASQ were used to define a "fail", and children who failed in one or more domains tested were classified as "screen-positive". Diagnosis of developmental delay was made when the developmental indices fell below -1 SD of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II. Results : (1) The mean age of children was $16.4{\pm}7.4$ months. Ten children (14.9%) were small-for- gestational age infants. The mean birth weight and gestational age were $3.1{\pm}0.6kg$ and $38.8{\pm}1.4$ weeks. Nine children (13.4%) were twins and 33 (49.0%) were male. The mean maternal education in years was $13.6{\pm}2.4$, and 31.3% had full-time jobs. The time for completing the ASQ was $10.2{\pm}3.0$ minutes. (2) Seventeen children (25.4%) were classified as screen-positive, four of them were delayed in development. Among eight children diagnosed with developmental delay, four were screen-positive and the other four were screen-negative by the ASQ. (3) The test characteristics of the ASQ were as follows: sensitivity (50.0%); specificity (78.0%); positive predictive value (23.5%); negative predictive value (92.0%). Conclusion : The high negative predictive value of the K-ASQ supports its use as a screening tool for developmental delay in the setting of a pediatric outpatient clinic.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.79-97
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• 2008

Four Wangs' landscape style (四王山水畵風), which had appeared in Beijing in the early 18th century, widely spread to Korea and Japan in the 19th century and became a significant basis for developing new painting styles in both countries. It was first introduced to Korea by Shin Wi (申緯) and Kim Jeong-hee (金正喜) who associated with literary men of the Qing Dynasty. Being influenced by them directly or indirectly, Shin Myeong-yeon (申命淵), Yi Han-cheol (李漢喆), Yu Suk (劉淑), Changv Seung-eop (張承業), An Choog-sik (安中植), and Jo Seok-jin (趙錫晋) attempted to adapt Four Wangs' landscape style and it later became a main Stream painting style of the Korean painting circles. Based on Four Wangs' landscape style, their landscape paintings had something in common in that they captured natural features from a short distance using the Down-Up prospective and placed guardian mountains across mountain streams by making a tall tree in the right or left bottom of the canvas as the starting point. However, recently unveiled court painter An Geon-yeong (1841~1876)'s the Landscape Screen is remarkable in that it is based on Four Wangs' style, which was in fashion in the late 19th century, but shows different aspects from other Four Wangs' style paintings in terms of feature capturing, brush stroke and colors. While most of An Geon-yeong's existing paintings are small ones, this folding screen is a big piece consisting of six-fold landscape paintings. In particular, it shows new aspects by creating a serene and calm atmosphere through the description of various landscape scenes with thin brush strokes using glossy ink, by showing a macroscopic view in some paintings through feature capture using a birds-eye view method, and by giving life to the canvas through smoke and clouds. This painting style is considered to be linked with those of Wang Xue-hao (王學浩, 1754~1832), Tang Yifen (湯貽汾, 1778~1853) and Dai Xi (戴熙, 1801~1860), based on Four Wangs' style in the early 19th century's Jiangnan Circle (江南 畵壇), who tried to express the energy and vitality of real landscapes by going around China's well-known mountains and complementing painting styles with drawing from nature. Therefore, An Geon-yeong's six-fold Landscape Screen is very significant as a rare case proving the introduction and reception of Jiangnan Circle's Four Wangs' landscape style which was different in many aspects from Beijing Circle in the 19th century.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.137-147
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• 2007

Projection-based augmented reality (AR) system refers to the system that accurately project high quality virtual information at the user-specified area by using the projector. Most of projection-based AR systems use the display device to support high quality and wide screen for increasing the user-immersion. Furthermore, they are implemented on the desktop environment due to the computational complexity. However, these projection-based AR systems are not suited as a mobile system and thus it may be inconvenient in the user point of view. Fortunately, Miniaturization of projectors and improved capacity of the mobile processor allowed the mobile AR system to be convenient. The limitation of established mobile AR system is that it uses small display screen which does not support high-resolutions and thus it may reduce the user-immersion into the system. In this paper, we propose portable projection-based display system, which overcomes the limitations of both projection-based and mobile-based AR systems. We have conducted the user evaluation to verify the effectiveness and the utmost capacity of the system.