• 한국노년학
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.633-648
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• 2016

본 연구는 재가 노인들의 수면 양상을 확인하고 이와 관련된 우울과 인지기능의 관계에 대하여 확인하고 알아보기 위한 목적으로 실시하였다. 연구 방법은 2008년도 실시된 전국 노인 생활 실태 및 복지 요구 조사(보건복지부, 2008)의 원자료를 활용하였고, 대상자는 만 65세 이상의 남녀 12,087명이었으며 연구에 사용된 도구들은 연령, 성별, 나이, 기상 시 숙면 정도, 하루의 총 수면시간, 우울, 인지 기능의 자료를 활용하여 이차 자료분석(secondary data analysis)으로 설계하였다. 연구 결과 인구학적으로는 나이가 많은 여성들이 수면 양상이 좋지 않았으며 양적 수면의 형태인 하루의 총 수면 시간과 우울과 인지기능의 관계에서는 하루의 총 수면 시간이 6시간 이하이거나 9시간을 넘을 경우 우울 증상이 더 많았으며 질적 수면의 형태인 기상 시 숙면 정도와 우울과 인지기능의 관계에서는 숙면의 횟수가 적을수록 우울, 인지기능이 저하되었다. 이상의 결과에 근거하여 수면 양상의 변화가 노인들에게서 병적이라고 할 수는 없지만 위의 결과들을 볼 때 일차 보건 현장에서 노인들의 일상생활에서 수면의 역할을 이해하기 위해서 수면의 시간과 같은 수면의 양, 숙면 정도와 같은 수면의 질에도 초점을 두어 다각적인 접근을 통하여 노인들의 수면 양상을 확인하고 수면 장애를 관리하기 위하여 대상자 개개인에게 맞는 여러 방법의 중재 프로그램을 연구하고 개발하는 것이 필요하다고 하겠다.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.55-70
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• 1980

The pharmacological and microbiological studies of Cefoperazone (T-1551, Toyama Chemical Co., Japan) were conducted in vitro and in vivo. The studies included stability and physicochemical characteristics, antimicrobial activity, animal and human pharmacokinetics, animal pharmacodynamics and safety evaluation of Cefoperazone sodium for injection. 1) Stability and physicochemical characteristics. Sodium salt of cefoperazone for injection had a general appearance of white crystalline powder which contained 0.5% water, and of which melting point was $187.2^{\circ}C$. The pH's of 10% and 25% aqueous solutions were 5.03 ana 5.16 at $25^{\circ}C$. The preparations of cefoperazone did not contain any pyrogenic substances and did not liberate histamine in cats. The drug was highly compatible with common infusion solutions including 5% Dextrose solution and no significant potency decrease was observed in 5 hours after mixing. Powdered cefoperazone sodium contained in hermetically sealed and ligt-shielded container was highly stable at $4^circ}C{\sim}37^{\circ}C$ for 12 weeks. When stored at $4^{\circ}C$ the potency was retained almost completely for up to one year. 2) Antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates. Among the 230 clinical isolates included, Salmonella typhi was the most susceptible to cefoperazone, with 100% inhibition at MIC of ${\leq}0.5{\mu}g/ml$. Cefoperazone was also highly active against Streptococcus pyogenes(group A), Kletsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella flexneri, with 100% inhibition at $16{\mu}g/ml$ or less. More than 80% of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes and Salmonella paratyphi was inhibited at ${\leq}16{\mu}/ml$, while Enterobacter cloaceae, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aerogenosa were somewhat less sensitive to cefoperagone, with inhibitions of 60%, 55% and 35% respectively at the same MIC. 3) Animal pharmacokinetics Serum concentration, organ distritution and excretion of cefoperazone in rats were observed after single intramuscular injections at doses of 20 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. The extent of protein binding to human plasma protein was also measured in vitro br equilibrium dialysis method. The mean Peak serum concentrations of $7.4{\mu}g/ml$ and $16.4{\mu}/ml$ were obtained at 30 min. after administration of cefoperazone at doses of 20 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg respectively. The tissue concentrations of cefoperazone measured at 30 and 60 min. were highest in kidney. And the concentrations of the drug in kidney, liver and small intestine were much higher than in blood. Urinary and fecal excretion over 24 hours after injetcion ranged form 12.5% to 15.0% in urine and from 19.6% to 25.0% in feces, indicating that the gastrointestinal system is more important than renal system for the excretion of cefoperazone. The extent of binding to human plasma protein measured by equilibrium dialysis was $76.3%{\sim}76.9%$, which was somewhat lower than the others utilizing centrifugal ultrafiltration method. 4) Animal pharmacodynamics Central nervous system : Effects of cefoperazone on the spontaneous movement and general behavioral patterns of rats, the pentobarbital sleeping time in mice and the body temperature in rabbits were observed. Single intraperitoneal injections at doses of $500{\sim}2,000mg/kg$ in rats did not affect the spontaneous movement ana the general behavioral patterns of the animal. Doses of $125{\sim}500mg/kg$ of cefoperazone injected intraperitonealy in mice neither increased nor decreased the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. In rabbits the normal body temperature was maintained following the single intravenous injections of $125{\sim}2,000mg/kg$ dose. Respiratory and circulatory system: Respiration rate, blood pressure, heart rate and ECG of anesthetized rabbits were monitored for 3 hours following single intravenous injections of cefoperazone at doses of $125{\sim}2,000mg/kg$. The respiration rate decreased by $3{\sim}l7%$ at all the doses of cefoperazone administered. Blood pressure did not show any changes but slight decrease from 130/113 to 125/107 by the highest dose(2,000 mg/kg) injected in this experiment. The dosages of 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg seemed to slightly decrease the heart rate, but it was not significantly different from the normal control. All the doses of cefoperazone injected were not associated with any abnormal changes in ECG findings throughout the monitering period. Autonomic nervous system and smooth muscle: Effects of cefoperazone on the automatic movement of rabbit isolated small intestine, large intestine, stomach and uterus were observed in vitro. The autonomic movement and tonus of intestinal smooth muscle increased at dose of $40{\mu}g/ml$ in small intestine and at 0.4 mg/ml in large intestine. However, in stomach and uterine smooth muscle the autonomic movement was slightly increased by the much higher doses of 5-10 mg/ml. Blood: In vitro osmotic fragility of rabbit RBC suspension was not affected by cefoperazone of $1{\sim}10mg/ml$. Doses of 7.5 and 10 mg/ml were associated with 11.8% and 15.3% prolongation of whole blood coagulation time. Liver and kidney function: When measured at 3 hours after single intravenous injections of cefoperaonze in rabbits, the values of serum GOT, GPT, Bilirubin, TTT, BUN and creatine were not significantly different from the normal control. 5) Safety evaluation Acute toxicity: The acute toxicity of cefoperazone was studied following intraperitoneal and intravenous injections to mice(A strain, 4 week old) and rats(Sprague-Dawler, 6 week old). The LD_(50)'s of intraperitonealy injected cefoperazone were 9.7g/kg in male mice, 9.6g/kg in female mice and over 15g/kg in both male and female rats. And when administered intravenously in rats, LD_(50)'s were 5.1g/kg in male and 5.0g/kg in female. Administrations of the high doses of the drug were associated with slight inhibition of spontaneous movement and convulsion. Atdominal transudate and intestinal hyperemia were observed in animals administered intraperitonealy. In rats receiving high doses of the drug intravenously rhinorrhea and pulmonary congestion and edema were also observed. Renal proximal tubular epithelial degeneration was found in animals dosing in high concentrations of cefoperazone. Subacute toxicity: Rats(Sprague-Dawley, 6 week old) dosing 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg/day of cefoperazone intraperitonealy were observed for one month and sacrificed at 24 hours after the last dose. In animals with a high dose, slight inhibition of spontaneous movement was observed during the experimental period. Soft stool or diarrhea appeared at first or second week of the administration in rats receiving 2.0g/kg. Daily food consumption and weekly weight gain were similar to control during the administration. Urinalysis, blood chemistry and hematology after one month administration were not different from control either. Cecal enlargement, which is an expected effect of broad spectrum antibiotic altering the normal intestinal microbial flora, was observed. Intestinal or peritoneal congestion and peritonitis were found. These findings seemed to be attributed to the local irritation following prolonged intraperitoneal injections of hypertonic and acidic cefoperazone solution. Among the histopathologic findings renal proximal tubular epithelial degeneration was characteristic in rats receiving 1 and 2g/kg/day, which were 10 and 20 times higher than the maximal clinical dose (100 mg/kg) of the drug. 6) Human pharmacokinetics Serum concentrations and urinary excretion were determined following a single intravenous injection of 1g cefoperazone in eight healthy, male volunteers. Mean serum concentrations of 89.3, 61.3, 26.6, 12.3, 2.3, and $1.8{\mu}g/ml$ occured at 1,2,4,6,8 and 12 hours after injection respectively, and the biological half-life was 108 minutes. Urinary excretion over 24 hours after injection was up to 43.5% of administered dose.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.69-92
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to offer foundation making more certain standards of musculoskeletal disorder diagnosis, We researched musculoskeletal symptoms degrees, frequencies, and cares and then examined relation between musculoskeletal symptoms and diagnosis of musculoskeletal conditions using moire topography among workers at an automobile manufacturing plant. Therefore we propose the possibility of moire topography as diagnosing utilities of musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: This study was to examine the general characteristics, complaints of musculoskeletal symptoms, and work-related musculoskeletal disorder rates of cervicobrachial and lumbar area by survey among 435 workers at an automobile manufacturing plant and then to show each frequency and percentage, In the diagnosis using moire topography, we studied pain control necessity of cervicobrachial and lumbar area, 435 subjects were classified by 5 levels: A(no symptoms), B(need management), C(need treatment) and then more divided by B1(light symptoms)/B2(heavy symptoms), C1(light symptoms)/C2(heavy symptoms), And musculoskeletal areas were divided by 2 parts, cervicobrachial area(neck, shoulder, arm&elbow, and wrist&hand) and lumbar area, Then, frequency and percentage of each musculoskeletal areas(cervicobrachial and lumbar area) were appeared. At last, Pearson's chi-square test analysis was utilized to observe the relation between diagnosis using moire topography and general characteristics and the relation between diagnosis using moire topography and work-related complaint of musculoskeletal symptoms of cervicobrachial and lumbar area, Results: The subjects employed for this research were categorized into; by gender, all of them were males(l00%): by age, under 35 years 12 %, 36-40 years 56.3%, 41-45 years 26.3 %, and above 46 years 5.3% with 36-40 years accounting for most of it. By living location, owned houses represented 69.7%, rented houses 23.4%, monthly-rented 1.6%, the others 5.3%; by education, middle school and lower represented 3.0%, high school 89.4%, and junior college and higher 7.6% with high school occupying most of the group. By marital status, married represented 95.2%, unmarried 4.1%, and the others 0.7% with most of them married; by alcohol, drinking represented 81.8% and non-drinking 18.2%; by smoking status, smoking represented 53.6%, non-smoking 46.4% with no big difference between them. By working time(hours/week), below 50 represented 26.9%, 50-60 67.6%, above 60 5.5%; by working time(hours/day), below 9 represented 21.6%, 10-12 73.1%, above 13 5.3%; by job tenure(years), below 10 represented 25.1%, 11-15 54.3%, 16-20 15.2%, above 21 5.5%. By personal income per year, below 30 million won represented 11.0%, 30-40 84.8%, above 40 4.1%; by sleeping hours, below 6 hours represented 26.7%, 7-8 hours 69.9%, above 9 hours 3.4%. Complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms and work-related musculoskeletal disorder rates were 63.9% and 54.9% with shoulder area occupying most of both them. By pain degree of musculoskeletal symptoms, shoulder area represented $2.73{\pm}0.84$, lumbar area $2.66{\pm}0.86$, wrist and hand area $2.59{\pm}0.86$, neck area $2.55{\pm}0.74$, and arm and elbow area $2.48{\pm}0.71$. By cares about musculoskeletal symptoms, taking medication or care represented 34.4%-46.7%, absence or leave 15.4%-28.7%, and job transfer 6.3%-11.5%. So experienced cases more than one thing among cares about musculoskeletal symptoms represented 39.6%-54%. In the diagnosis using moire topography, pain control necessity of cervicobrachial area was shown below; A(no symptoms) 20.7%, B1(need management/light symptoms) 64.6%, B2(need management/heavy symptoms) 11.5%, C1(need treatment/light symptoms) 3.0%, C2(need treatment/heavy symptoms) 0.2%. By lumbar area, A(no symptoms) 8.7%, B1(need management/light symptoms) 52.2%, B2(need management/heavy symptoms) 30.3%, C1(need treatment/light symptoms) 8.7%, C2(need treatment/heavy symptoms) was none. In the relation between pain control necessity and general characteristics, age(P=0.013), education(P=0.000), and job tenure(P=0.012) with pain control necessity showed differences with significance. The relation between pain control necessity and complaint of musculoskeletal symptoms of cervicobrachial and lumbar area showed no difference with significance; in cervicobrachial area represented P=0.708, lumbar area P=0.318 Conclusions: This study for musculoskeletal symptoms on workers at automobile manufacturing plant showed that complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms for cervicobrachial and lumbar area were so high, 63.9%. But Pearson's chi-square test analysis was utilized to study the relation between musculoskeletal symptoms and the diagnosis using moire topography, showed no differences with significance. They have no differences with significance, but the prevalence rates of diagnosis using moire topography for cervicobrachial and lumbar area were more higher than complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms; complaint rates of musculoskeletal symptoms were 52.4%, 34.5% and the diagnosis using moire topography were 79.3%, 91.3% for cervicobrachial and lumbar area. The results of this study indicate that the diagnosis using moire topography can find weak musculoskeletal disorders that an individual can not feel, not be judged work-related musculoskeletal disease. Therefore, this study has an important meaning that diagnosis using moire topography can predict and control own physical condition complete musculoskeletal disorders beforehand, since oriental medicine theory considers that prevention is important.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.17-32
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the patterns of stresses arising from various life styles and their related sociodemographic factors in urban residents. The subjects were recruited from the population of two ‘Dong’s (administrative blocks) representative of Daejeon city through stratified cluster random sampling during the period ranging from June I st to Aug. 31 st, 2003. Self-administered questionnaires, including items asking about subjects' sociodemographic characteristics, daily life styles, measurement of stresses by General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, 1978), were delivered to 396 residents and their responses were analyzed with the following results. 1. Based on the discriminant scores of HPI, 46.7％ of the subjects were found to have less than 4 points (poor life style), whereas 53.3％ had points higher than 5 (good life style). Higher than 5 points were scored more frequently in females than in the male, in the age group of 40's - 60's than the 30's, in the group with spouse than without, in the group with both spouse and offsprings than without, and in the group owning a house than not. 2. Based on the degree of stress, 17.7％ of the subjects were determined to be healthy, 74.5％ were potentially under stress, and 7.8％ were at higher risk of stress. The proportion of healthy individuals were significantly higher in the male, advanced aged group(40's and 60's), the group with higher education years( over highschool), with higher monthly income over two million Won, and with spouse, than their respective counterparts. On the other hand the proportion of the individuals potentially under stress and at higher risk of stress was significantly higher in the female, in the age group of 30's and over 60's, in the group with academic career lower than middle school, with monthly income lower than two million Won, and without spouse. 3. Based on the relation of HPI with degree of stresses, subjects with HPI scores lower than 4 had increased rate of falling into the groups under potential stress and at higher risk of stress, while on the other hand those with over 5 points were found to be healthy in light of stress. 4. Based on the specific relation of each item of HPI with degree of stress, the proportion of healthy individuals was higher in the groups who take appropriate hours of sleep(7-8hours), who take breakfasts everyday, who take physical exercises everyday, who don't smoke, who don't drink alcohol, who take snacks everyday, who are overweight and obese, whereas the proportion of the group under potential stress and at higher risk of stress was higher in their comparable counterparts. 5. The relation of mean scores of HPI with stress scores in both male and female subjects showed negative correlation that the higher HPI scores, the lower stress scores. 6. Multivariate regression analysis to reveal the factors influencing the stress of the subjects showed that for men the significant factors were age, education, presence of job or not, exercise, subjective health status, with the explanatory power of 26.3％. For women, they included educational years, presence of spouse or not, job, owning a house or not, sleeping hours, drinking habit, taking snacks, subjective health status, with the explanatory power of 31.8％. The above study results suggests that stresses of urban residents have significant correlation with daily life styles and this correlation is also remarkably distinguished by different age and sex.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.77-87
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• 1991

The purpose of this study were to investigate the bed climate and the physiological responses in sleep on the traditional Korean floor heating system called Ondol. Ondol has been the most widely used heating system in Korea, yet there has been a no systematic studies examined its environmental effects on human body. Experimental room was constructed to match the typical thermal environment of Ondol. (floor surface temperature; $32\~33^{\circ}C$, air temperature; $22.5{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$, relative humidity; $64.0{\pm}4.0\%$RH, air velocity; 0.25 m/sec.) Three different combinations of bedclothes were chosen for the experiment based on the study results showing that they were the most widely used types in Korea. Type 1 was the combination of a cotton-padded mattress with a cotton-padded Korean style blanket. Type 2 was a cotton-padded mattress with a cotton-guilted Korean style blanket. Type 3 was a cotton-padded matless with a polyacryl blanket. Thermal resistance of each of these combina-tions in the bedclothes was measured using thermal manikin. Two adult female was chosen for the seven hour sleeping experiment which was known to be the average sleeping hours of Korean adult female. The bed climate was measured with the temperature under the mattress, the surface temper-ature of the mattress, and the air temperature and the relative humidity of the space between the mattress and blanket. The skin temperature, rectal temperature of the subjects and the bed climate were measured eight times, one hour before the experiment and every hour during the experiment. The weight loss and the subjective sensation were measured for the each subjects before and after the experiment. The procedure was repeated twice with two subjects and three types of bedclothes, yielding twelve combinations of results. The results were as follows; 1. With the surface temperature of $32\~33^{\circ}C$ of Ondol, air temperature was $22.5{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ with $64.0{\pm}4.0\%$ RH. The bed climates were $39.2{\pm}40.8^{\circ}C$ under the mattress, $35.3\~36.2^{\circ}C$ on the mattress, and $26.9\~32.0^{\circ}C$ with $56.0\~71.3\%$ RH between the mattress and the blanket. 2. Mean skim temperature during sleep was 34.2"C with local skin temperature of $34.0\~35.5^{\circ}C$. The skin temperatures of abdomen, thigh, foot were higher than the other parts of the body. 3. The skin temperature of chest, thigh, leg and back varied significantly according to the combinations of bedclothes. With the cotton-padded blanket, the skin temperature was the highest, while with the cotton-guilted blanket showed lowest. 4. Examining the relationship between the mean skin temperature and the local skin temper-ature, the chest temperature showed the highest correlation with the former. Therefore, the chest temperature can be recommended to represent the skin temperature in measuring the bed climate. 5. The subjective bed climates were $39.0\~40.4^{\circ}C$ under the mattress, $35.2\~35.9^{\circ}C$ on the mattress, $29.8\~31.6^{\circ}C$ with $56.8\~68.4\%$ RH between the mattress and blanket. In sum, from this experiment we not only obtained the reliable value of bed climates on Ondol, but also showed that the bed climates and the physiological responses were affected differently according to the materials of bed clothes.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.322-333
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• 2017

본 연구는 응급의료종사자의 수면의 질이 스트레스와 직무만족도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 K도와, C도에 소재한 종합병원 응급의료센터에서 교대 근무하는 응급의료종사자 209명을 대상으로 2015년 3월 1일부터 6월 30일까지 조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 Windows용 SPSS 20.0을 사용하여 빈도분석, 요인분석과, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ 분석, 기술통계와 상관관계, 다중회귀 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수면의 질과 스트레스, 직무만족도의 요인 간에는 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 둘째, 수면의 질은 신체적 스트레스와 심리적 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<.001). 셋째, 수면의 질이 직무만족도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 수면 후 회복, 잠들기 어려움, 일어나기 어려움, 수면유지 어려움이 직무만족에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 심리적 스트레스는 직무만족도에 부분적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<.01). 본 연구결과로 볼 때 수면의 질을 향상시키기 위한 적절한 인력의 확충을 도모하고 응급의료종사자의 업무 외 적정의 수면시간을 보장하며 신체적 스트레스와 심리적 스트레스 감소를 위한 직장 내 표준화된 프로그램을 개발하여 직원들의 직무만족도를 높이기 위해 다양하고 전문적인 제도적 방안이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was conducted to analyze the hwa-byung, self-perceived health, life-stress, social support, depression, and factors affecting on suicidal ideation in community dwelling elders. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The subjects were 165 elderly in I city. The data was collected from November $21^{st}$ to December $5^{th}$ of 2014 by using structured questionnaire. T-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression were performed by SPSS/PC 17.0. Results: There were more females than males in hwa-byung (t=.-3.068, p=.003). In the visit parent, more than once a month was a significantly higher in social support (t=.3.333, p=.001). Hwa-byung (t=.-2.577, p=.011), life-stress (t=.-3.800, p=.001), depression (t=.-2.776, p=.006), and suicidal ideation (t=.-4.316, p<.001) were shown to be high in the elders with lower level of living. Subjects with health insurance had high self-perceived health (t=-3.800, p=.001) and low hwa-byung (t=-4.102, p<.001), life-stress (t=-4.482, p<.001), depression (t=-5.296, p<.001), and suicidal ideation (t=.-2.152, p=.036), according to the type of insurance. In the correlation, sleeping hours (r=-.180, p=.020), self-perceived health (r=-.364, p,.001), and suicidal ideation had negative correlation; hwa-byung (r=.404, p<.001), life-stress (r=.300, p<.001), social support (r=-.310, p<.001), depression (r=.423, p<.001) and suicidal ideation had positive correlation. Factors affecting the suicidal ideation in community dwelling elders were depression (${\beta}$=.42, p<.001), hwa-byung (${\beta}$=.23, p=.004), social support (${\beta}$=-.18, p=.012), and level of living (${\beta}$=.24, p=.001). Discussion: For the prevention of elderly suicide, it is necessary to care for psychosocial status and solve economic difficulties through social support.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2017

본 연구는 직장인 당뇨병 환자의 삶의 질 영향요인을 시기별로 파악하여 삶의 질 향상을 위한 중재방안을 모색하기 위하여 시행되었다. 연구 대상은 2007-2015(4기, 5기, 6기) 국민건강영양조사를 활용하였으며, 만 19세 이상 65세 이하의 성인 중 당뇨병을 진단받고, 직장을 가지고 있는 총 1141명을 대상으로 하였다. 분석은 SPSS 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, ANOVA, 다중회귀분석을 시행하였다. 본 연구결과, 기수별 삶의 질 정도는 4기보다 5기, 6기가 높았으며, 통계적으로 유의하였다. 다중회귀분석 결과 성별, 소득수준, 주관적 건강상태, 활동제한여부, 수면시간, 스트레스 인지율이 삶의 질에 영향을 주는 요인으로 나타났다. 기수별로는 주관적 건강상태, 활동제한여부, 스트레스 인지율이 공통적인 영향요인이었으며, 4기는 수면시간, 5기는 성별, 6기는 소득수준과 협심증진단여부가 삶의 질에 영향을 주는 요인으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로, 직장인 당뇨병 환자들의 삶의 질 향상을 위한 관리 프로그램 및 사회적 역할에 대한 융합 연구에 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.215-229
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• 2013

본 연구는 테이크아웃 형태의 커피전문점에 주간과 야간으로 교대 근무를 실시하는 20대 여성 근로자 100명과 주간 근무를 실시하는 20대 여성 사무직 여성 근로자 100명의 식행동과 식품섭취 상태를 비교하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 일반환경 요인은 월 평균 수입(p<0.001)과 재직기간(p<0.001)에서는 실험군이 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 생활습관 및 건강관련 요인은 실험군에서 최근 1년간 체중변화(p<0.001)과 위 장 관련 질환이 유의적(p<0.001)으로 높게 나타났다. 실험군에서 취침시간(p<0.001)은 늦게 자고, 수면시간(p<0.001)도 짧게 나타났다. 실험군은 규칙적인운동(p<0.001)은 낮고, 흡연(p<0.001)은 높게 나타났다. 식행동에서 식사동반자 부분에서 혼자 먹는 비율(p<0.001), 과식빈도(p<0.001), 아침결식빈도(p<0.001), 그리고 야식의 빈도(p<0.001)는 높게 나타났고, 규칙적인 식사(p<0.001)와 균형식의 비율은(p<0.001) 낮게 나타났다. 식품섭취빈도는 실험군에서 밥류(p<0.001), 육류(p<0.001), 생선(p<0.001), 난류(p<0.001), 두류(p<0.001), 김치(p<0.001), 채소류(p<0.001), 과일류(p<0.001)의 섭취빈도가 낮게 나타났고, 면류(p<0.001)와 빵류(p<0.001), 시리얼(p<0.01), 해조류(p<0.001), 우유(p<0.001)와 커피(p<0.001), 그리고 알콜(p<0.001)은 높게 섭취하고 있었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.669-677
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to compare the anthropometry, nutrient intakes, dietary - related behaviors and health - related behaviors of male workers that were divided according to their alcohol consumption. The mean height, weight and BMI of all subjects were 172.0$\pm$5.8 cm, 67.8$\pm$9.3 kg and 22.9$\pm$2.6 kg/$m^2$, respectively. The WHR was higher in the heavy drinking group than in the other groups(p<0.01), while the other anthropometric indices were not significantly different among the three groups. The calorie intake was highest(p<0.001) in the heavy drinking group(3,270.4$\pm$686.5 kcal), followed by moderate(2,602.8$\pm$415.8 kcal) drinking group and light drinking group(2,341.5$\pm$449.4 kcal). As alcohol consumption increased, there was a decrease in the percent of energy derived from carbohydrates and lipids, while there was an increase in the percent of energy derived from proteins and alcohol(p<0.001). The heavy and moderate drinking groups had a highers intake of protein compared to the light drinking group, and the heavy drinking group had a higher intake of lipid compared to the light and moderate drinking groups(p<0.01). The intakes of vitamin $B_2$, niacin and phosphorus were lower in the moderate group than the other groups(p<0.01). The average MAR(Mean adequacy ratio) was 1.44$\pm$0.35 and the intake of all nutrients, except for folic acid, was much higher than the Korean RI(Recommended intake). The fruit intake frequency and sleeping hours were the lowest in the heavy drinking group(p<0.05) and the subjects preferred the following order of food products when they drink: meat(42.5%), fish & shellfish(30.0%), fruit & vegetable(22.5%) and others(5.0%) as a side dish. The average rates of smoking and exercise for all the subjects were 77.5% and 67.5%, respectively. The results of this study showed that heavy alcohol drinkers were more prone to abdominal obesity and related chronic degenerative diseases, indicating the need for extensive nutritional education for heavy alcohol drinkers.