• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationship among musculoskeletal problems, sleep problems, and self-rated mental health of home-care workers. Methods: Data were collected from 447 home-care workers spanning three occupation types: life supporters for the elderly, home-visit caregivers, and life supporters for the disabled. Musculoskeletal problems, sleep problems, and self-rated mental health were assessed using structured questionnaires. Factors affecting self-rated mental health were analyzed using multiple regression. SPSS was used to test the mediating effects of sleep problems on musculoskeletal problems and self-rated mental health. Results: Among the general characteristics, the variables that showed significant differences in musculoskeletal problems were monthly income level, caring-related career duration, weekly working hours, and occupation type; and the variable that showed significant differences in self-rated mental health was occupation type. Among the occupation types, supporters for the disabled had the most musculoskeletal problems and the lowest self-rated mental health. Musculoskeletal problems among home-care workers had a direct negative effect on self-rated mental health and indirect negative effects on sleep problems. Conclusion: Measures are needed to reduce the differences in working conditions and health status among the occupation types of home-care workers. Considering the relevance between the health issues of home-care workers, the development of a carefully designed health promotion strategy is required.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.189-190
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• 2017

This study analysis that how related to media use time before shuteye time. Excessive SNS and smatphone use were related to sleepquality and pattern. A positive correlation has been found between the time spent using smartphone before bedtime and sleep deprivation and disability phenomenon. The time spent is found to also affect the language of youths and behavioral violence.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.203-209
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• 2018

Background: Night shift work is associated with many problems such as sleep deprivation, sleepiness, decreased cognitive performance, increased human errors, and fatigue. This study set out to measure cognitive performance, melatonin rhythms, and sleep after different consecutive night shifts (7 vs. 4) among control room operators (CORs). Methods: The participants included 60 CORs with a mean age of 30.2 years (standard deviation, 2.0) from a petrochemical complex located in Southern Iran. Cognitive performance was assessed using the n-back task and continuous performance test. To evaluate melatonin, saliva was collected and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To assess sleep and sleepiness, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale were used, respectively. Results: Individuals who worked 7 consecutive night shifts had a significantly better cognitive performance and sleep quality than those who worked 4 consecutive night shifts. However, salivary melatonin profile and sleepiness trend were not affected by shift type. Conclusion: The main duty of CORs working night shifts at the studied industry included managing safety-critical processes through complex displays; a responsibility that demands good cognitive performance and alertness. It is suggested that an appropriate number of consecutive night shifts in a rotating shift system should be planned with the ultimate aim of improving CROs performance/alertness and enhancing safety.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.298-305
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• 2017

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and periodontitis in adult Korean women. This cross-sectional study was based on the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES). We selected the data from 3,292 women (over 19 years of age) out of 7,550 participants for analysis, after excluding data from men. Complex logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of sleep duration on the risk of periodontitis; the crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. The risk of periodontitis was higher in participants who had a sleep duration of 7 hours or more, than in those with less than 7 hours (crude OR) by 1.37 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13~1.65). The adjusted OR of the participants after adjusting for the sample characteristics of the participants (age, education level, income level, diabetes, hypertension, obesity) was 1.04 times (95% CI, 0.82~1.32), but the risk for periodontitis was slightly higher, though not statistically significant. This study confirmed the relationship between sleep duration and the risk of periodontitis in Korean women. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and implement a comprehensive health promotion program that can improve the proper sleeping habits of adult women in Korea and to combine oral hygiene management programs to prevent periodontal disease.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.80-84
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• 2014

Introduction: Sleep has numerous important physiological and cognitive functions that may be particularly important to elite athletes. Sleep deprivation can have significant effects on athletic performance. However, there are few published data related to the amount of sleep obtained by elite athletes. We investigated sleep patterns of Korean women golfers using sleep-related questionnaires. Methods: For this study, 98 Korean university women golfers and 46 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. All subjects were asked to complete the self-administered sleep questionnaire consisting of questions about habitual sleep patterns (sleep onset time, sleep latency, awakening time in the morning, day time napping time), exercise habits, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), validation of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: The sleep onset time was significantly earlier (pm 23 : $05{\pm}00$ : 52 and 00 : $14{\pm}00$ : 51 ; t = 5.287, p < 0.001), the waking time was later (am 07 : $21{\pm}01$ : 09 and 6 : $35{\pm}00$ : 32; t = -2.715, p = 0.008), the weekday total sleep time was greater ($417.77{\pm}78.18$ minute and $351.52{\pm}77.83$ minute ; t = 4.406, p = 0.001), and the daytime nap time was greater ($77.73{\pm}41.28$ minute and $20.22{\pm}33.03$ minute ; t = 7.623, p < 0.001) in the golf athletes compared to the controls. The PSQI scores were significantly lower, but estimated sleep latency and ESS, ISS, PSS, and BAI scores were not different among the two groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that Korean university women golfers have good sleep patterns resulting in no difference in sleep-related stress compared to age- and sex-matched control students.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.287-302
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• 2017

Objectives: To evaluate effects of Resina Dendropanacis Morbiferus (RDM) on stress and sleep hormones when administered to Chronic Mild Stressed (CMS) rats. Methods: Twenty-five healthy rats were randomly divided into 5 groups; Normal, CMS (Control), Resina Dendropanacis Mobiferus 50 mg/kg (RDM 50), 100 mg/kg (RDM 100), and 200 mg/kg (RDM 200). All rats except the normal group were exposed to unpredicted stress conditions such as water deprivation, empty bottles, forced thread mill, etc. according to timetable of CMS for 3 weeks. After a week starting experiments, rats in RDM 50, RDM 100, and RDM 200 groups were fed orally once a day for 2 weeks. Afterward, blood samples were taken from rats to analyze complete blood count, AST, ALT, and glucose. Noradrenalin, GABA and Melatonin were measured by ELISA kit. BDNF, CREB and TrkB were measured by RT-PCT. Results: 1. In Noradrenalin content, RDM 100 and RDM 200 groups revealed significant decrease compared to the control group. 2. In GABA content, RDM 50 and RDM 100 groups revealed significant decrease compared to the control group. 3. In Melatonin content, RDM 100 and 200 groups revealed significant decrease compared to the control group. 4. In Activity of BDNF, RDM 100 and 200 groups revealed significant increase compared to the control group. 5. In Activity of CREB and TrkB, RDM 100 group revealed significant increase compared to the control group. 6. In Erythrocyte and Thrombocyte changes, red blood cells and hematocrit significantly increased in RDM 50 and RDM 200 groups than the control group. Hemoglobin and platelet significantly increased in all experimental groups and the control group. 7. In Weight gain content, all RDM groups revealed insignificant increase compared to the control group. 8. In Glucose content, RDM 50, RDM 100, and RDM 200 groups revealed significant decrease compared to the control group. Conclusions: Results suggest that RDM have effects on stress and sleep hormones when administered to Chronic Mild Stressed (CMS) rats.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.69-74
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• 2013

Introduction: Although it is well known that medical students are not getting an adequate amount of sleep, there have been only a few studies on the sleep patterns of medical students and the related factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the medical students' sleep patterns and the related factors. Methods: A questionnaire package was administered to the $1^{st}$ to $4^{th}$ year medical students at one medical school. It consisted of questions asking about their lifestyles as well as Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), global assessment of recent stress scale (GASS), the center for epidemiologic studies-depression scale (CES-D), and Moudsley obsessive-compulsive inventory (MOCI). A total of 352 students (206 males and 146 females) responded to the survey and the result was analyzed using the independent t-test, the chi-square test, the paired t-test, Pearson's correlation and ANOVA. p-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant in analyses. Results: The weekend bedtime was significantly delayed (0 : 49 on weekday ; 1 : 34 on weekend ; t=-5.23, p<0.001), the weekend rise time was delayed (6 : 58 on weekday ; 9 : 30 on weekend ; t=-24.48, p<0.001) and the total sleep time was increased on weekends (5 : 36 on weekday ; 7 : 39 on weekend ; t=15.94, p<0.001). The PSQI score of all subjects was 6.43{\pm}2.64. PSQI was positively correlated with ESS (r=0.383, p<0.001), GASS (r=0.326, p<0.001), CES-D (r=0.393, p< 0.001), and MOCI (r=0.247, p<0.001), but not with GPA (r=0.072, p=0.228. The more senior students had lower PSQI, GASS, CES-D, and MOCI score (p<0.05). Conclusion: Medical students were experiencing a lack of sleep during weekdays as they have a later bedtime and earlier rise time, and consequently had more hours of sleep on weekends. Overall, the medical students were experiencing poor sleep quality and sleep deprivation. Poor sleep quality is associated with psychological problems (daytime sleepiness, stress, depression, and obsessive tendency).

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.171-180
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• 2023

The three major sleep disorders in Korea are snoring, sleep apnea, and insomnia. Lack of sleep is the root of all diseases. Some of the most serious potential problems associated with sleep deprivation are cardiovascular problems, cognitive impairment, obesity, diabetes, colitis, prostate cancer, etc. To solve these problems, the Korean government provided low-cost national health insurance benefits for polysomnography tests in July 2018. However, insomnia patients still have problems getting treated in terms of time, space, and economic perspectives. Therefore, it would be better for insomnia patients to be allowed to test at home. The measuring device can measure six biosignals (eye movement, tossing and turning, body temperature, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and audio). A gyroscope sensor (MPU9250, InvenSense, USA) was used for eye movement, tossing, and turning. The input range of the sensor was in 258°/sec to 460°/sec, and the data range was in the input range. Body temperature, oxygen saturation range, and heart rate were measured by a sensor (MAX30102, Analog Devices, USA). The body temperature was measured in 30 ℃ to 45 ℃, and the oxygen saturation range was 0% for the unused state and 20 % to 90 % for the used state. The heart rate measurement range was in 40 bpm to 180 bpm. The measurement of audio signal was performed by an audio sensor (AMM2742-T-R, PUIaudio, USA). The was -42 dB ±1 dB frequency range was 20 Hz to 20 kHz. The measured data was successfully received in wireless network conditions. The system configuration was consisted of a PC and a mobile app for bio-signal measurement and data collection. The measured data was collected by mobile phones and desktops. The data collected can be used as preliminary data to determine the stage of sleep and perform the screening function for sleep induction and sleep disturbances. In the future, this convenient sleep measurement device could be beneficial for treating insomnia.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.442-452
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• 2020

Backgroud: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs learning and memory by inhibiting hippocampal functioning at molecular and cellular levels. Abnormal autophagy and apoptosis are closely associated with neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. This study is aimed to explore the alleviative effect and the underlying molecular mechanism of stem-leaf saponins of Panax notoginseng (SLSP) on the abnormal neuronal autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampus of mice with impaired learning and memory induced by SD. Methods: Mouse spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test. Neuronal morphological changes were observed by Nissl staining. Autophagosome formation was examined by transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, acridine orange staining, and transient transfection of the tf-LC3 plasmid. Apoptotic event was analyzed by flow cytometry after PI/annexin V staining. The expression or activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting assay. Results: SLSP was shown to improve the spatial learning and memory of mice after SD for 48 h, accomanied with restrained excessive autophage and apoptosis, whereas enhanced activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in hippocampal neurons. Meanwhile, it improved the aberrant autophagy and apoptosis induced by rapamycin and re-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling transduction in HT-22 cells, a hippocampal neuronal cell line. Conclusion: SLSP could alleviate cognitive impairment induced by SD, which was achieved probably through suppressing the abnormal autophagy and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. The findings may contribute to the clinical application of SLSP in the prevention or therapy of neurological disorders associated with SD.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.125-145
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• 1999

The effects of Wang-ttum, Magnetic Water, Magnetic field and Sibjeondaebotang on hemodynamics in sleep deprivation were studied. The results as follows; 1. In case of Wang-ttum operated group, significant changes were observed at 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m. in maximum blood pressure for the first and second overnight stay and at 2 a.m. for the third and, respectively, average blood pressure at 12 p.m., 2 a.m. for the 1st and 2nd overnight stay, minimum blood pressure at 10 p.m.. 12 p.m.. 2 a.m. for the 1st overnight stay and at 10 p.m., 12 p.m. for the 2nd and at 12 p.m. for the 3rd, pulse rate at 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m., for 1st and 2nd and at 2 a.m., 4 a.m. for the 3rd and 4th, TP-KS at 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 1st and 2nd and at 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 3rd, PRP at 10 p.m., 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 1st and 2nd and at 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m. for the 3rd and at 2 a.m., 4 a.m. for the 4th, TPR at 10 p.m., 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. from 1st to 4th overnight stay. 2. In case of taking magnetic water group, significant changes were observed at 2 a.m., 4 a.m. in pulse rate for the 1st overnight stay and, respectively, PRP at 2 a.m. for the 1st, TRP at 10 p.m., 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 1st and 4th. 3. In case of attaching magnet group, TPR was significantly observed at 10 p.m. for the 1st overnight stay. 4. In case of medicating Sibjeondaebotang group, significant changes were observed at 10 p.m., 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. in maximum blood pressure for the 1st and 2nd overnight stay and at 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 3rd and at 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 4th and, respectively, average blood pressure at 10 p.m., 12 p.m. for the 1st and 2nd and at 10 p.m. for the 3rd and 4th, minimum blood pressure at 10 p.m., 12 p.m. from 1st to 4th, pulse rate at 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. from 1st to 3rd and at 2 a.m., 4 a.m. for the 4th, TP-KS at 10 p.m., 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4a.m., 6 a.m. for the 1st and at 10 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 2nd and at 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 3rd and at 6 a.m. for the 4th, PRP at 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 1st and at 10 p.m., 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 2nd and 3rd and at 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. for the 4th, TPR at 10 p.m., 12 p.m., 2 a.m., 4 a.m., 6 a.m. from 1st to 4th. As mentioned obove, the effects of Wangttum and Sibjeondaebotang on hemodynamics in sleep deprivation were observed both the impulse of SIM-YANG and mutual function of QI-HYOL. The effects of Magnetic water and Magnetic field were observed the side of mutual function of QI-HYOL.