• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2018

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a wide-spread zoonotic disease in cattle, which is casued by Mycobacterium bovis that is a part of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). This study describes a field trial conducted in 42 herds with the history of prevalence bovine tuberculosis. Two cell-mediated immunity tests, the gamma-interferon (${\gamma}-IFN$) assay and the single intradermal tuberculin test (SIT) were applied for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in 5,289 animals. The ${\gamma}-IFN$ assay presented 144 (2.7%) head of cattle with the positive result, and 112 (2.1%) head of cattle were shown to be bTB-positive by the SIT. The positive concordance was 45.5%, and the negative concordance was 98.2%. The ${\gamma}-IFN$ assay showed more positive results in younger cattle, especially between 12 and 23 months of age. It is shown that the strategic combination of both cell-mediated immunity test methods is more efficient for the detection of bTB to reduce the number of false positive individuals which are being slaughtered.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.233-238
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• 2005

We examined the teats of slaughtered cattles to investigate the prevalence of papilloma and to detect bovine papilloma virus (BPV) from those samples. Among 880 heads, 432 (49.0%) was Holstein and 448 (51.0%) was Korean native cattle. Grossly, out of 432 heads (Holstein), 263 (60.8%) had papilloma lesions on teats. However, out of 448 heads (Korean native cattle), only 33 (7.4%) had papilloma lesions on teats. Immunohistochemically, BPV antigen was detected in 35 heads (22.9%) of 153 (Holstein) which had papilloma lesions. But, in Korean native cattle, BPV antigen was detected in 1 head (3.8%) of 26. Electronmicroscopically, in Holstein papilloma cases, BPV particles was detected in 31 heads (39.2%) of 79. This study revealed that papilloma was very prevalent in holstein teats, Korea and the prevalence of papilloma in Holstein was 8 times higher than that of Korean native cattle. Moreover, it was needed to consider gross and histopathological lesions to confirm BPV infection on teats because the sensitivity of immunohistochemistry and electronmicroscopy was not high.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.607-616
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• 2002

계절별로 도축된 한우육의 육색에 미치는 요인들을 구체적으로 분석하고자 2000년도에 도축된 한우의 pH, 성별, 등지방두께, 등심단면적, 도체중, 출하연령, 도체심부온도, 외기온도, 외기상대습도 요인이 육색에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 여름에는 L*값(명도)이 비거세우가 유의적으로 낮았던 것을 제외하고 모든 육색특성에서 유의적이지 않은 것으로 나타났으며 기타 계절에서는 모든 육색특성에서 거세우가 유의적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. 또한 중회귀분석결과 모든 육색특성(L*, a*, C*, $h^0$)에서 pH가 증가할수록 그 값들은 감소하였으며, 등지방두께는 증가할수록 그 값들은 증가하였다. 각 요인별로 의사결정나무분석을 실시한 결과, 명도(L*)가 가장 높은 것은 봄과 가을에 도축한 암소와 거세우였으며 적색도(a*)는 가을에 도축한 한우중 pH가 5.63 미만이고 외기상대습도가 71.5% 이상인 경우인 것으로 나타났다. Chroma값(C*)은 여름과 가을에 도축하고 pH가 5.60 미만이면서 등지방두께가 8mm 이상인 한우가 가장 높았으며, hue angle($h^0$)은 봄, 여름, 가을에 도축하고 pH가 5.66 미만이며 등지방두께가 8mm 이상인 한우 중 심부온도가 4.7$^{\circ}C$ 미만인 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of slaughter season on the fatty acid profile in four types of fat deposits in crossbred (Polish Holstein Friesian Black-and-White${\times}$Limousine) beef bulls. The percentage share of fatty acids was determined by gas chromatography and were divided into the following categories of fatty acids: saturated (SFAs), unsaturated (UFAs), monounsaturated (MUFAs), polyunsaturated (PUFAs), desirable hypocholesterolemic (DFAs) and undesirable hypercholesterolemic (OFAs), n-3 and n-6. Perinephric fat was characterized by the highest SFA concentrations (59.89%), and subcutaneous fat had the highest MUFA content (50.63%). Intramuscular fat was marked by a high percentage share of PUFAs and the highest PUFA/SFA ratio. The slaughter season had a significant effect on the levels of C18:3, C20:4 ($p{\leq}0.01$) and conjugated linoleic acid ($p{\leq}0.05$). There was an interaction between the slaughter season and fat type for the content of C20:4 ($p{\leq}0.01$) and C20:5 ($p{\leq}0.05$). The results of this study show that beef from cattle slaughtered in the summer season has a higher nutritional value and more health-promoting properties.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2009

At the present study, it was aimed to explore the states of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella spp. isolates from 3,850 pigs (2,732 ileocecocolic lymphnodes and 1,118 cecal contents) and 1,764 cattle (965 cecal lymphnodes and 799 cecal contents) slaughtered in Busan province from December 2000 to November 2001. Among 5,614 samples, 457 of Salmonella spp. were isolated from pig lymphnodes (13.5%), pig cecal contents (4.4%), cattle lymphnodes (3.5%) and cattle cecal contents (0.5%). Salmonella spp. were showed different isolation ratio, that was 10.8% in summer, 9.0% in autumn, 8.4% in spring and 5.0% in winter. As a result of serotyping, B group (65.4%) were identified as the most common in pigs and cattle, in order of $C_1$ (14.0%), $D_1$ (5.5%), $C_2$ (4.2%), $E_1$ (4.2%) and L (3.5%). 34 serotypes were found, among them, Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) (21.0%) was the most common serotype from pigs and cattle. The major serotypes were in order of S. Derby (15.3%), S. Schwarzengrund (14.7%), S. Typhimurium var Copenhagen (9.2%), S. Mbandaka (5.7%), S. Enteritidis (5.5%) and S. Ruiru (3.5%). The most common serotype was S. Typhimurium in pigs, and S. Ruiru in cattle. S. Ruiru was firstly isolated from pigs and cattle in Korea. In antimicrobial susceptibility test, all the isolates were demonstrated susceptibility to norfloxacin and ofloxacin. But the isolates were showed resistance other antibiotics in order of doxycycline (68.3%), tetracycline (67.8%), penicillin (54.5%) and streptomycin (52.5%). S. Typhimurium were exhibited resistance to ampicillin (34.8%), chloramphenicol (36.2%), streptomycin (94.9%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (34.8%) and tetracycline (97.8%). There were 53 strains (38.4%) which had multi drug resistant (MDR) isolates, resistant to more than 6 antimicrobial agents. The most common resistance patterns of MDR isolates were ampicillin, chloramphenicol, carbenicillin, doxycycline, nalidixic acid, penicillin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tetracycline (ACCbDNaPSSuT).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.1604-1610
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of the Hankins and Howe (HH46), Valadares Filho (V06), and Marcondes (M12) equations for predicting the physical and chemical composition of dairy crossbred bulls carcasses, as well as the chemical composition of their empty bodies. Methods: This study was conducted using 30 dairy crossbred bulls. One group of five animals was slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment, and the remaining were slaughtered 112 days later. Animals were distributed in a completely randomized design into treatments consisting different levels of concentrate (0%, 17%, 34%, 51%, and 68%). The physical and chemical compositions of the cattle were obtained from the right half of the carcass and using samples taken between the 9th and 11th ribs of the left half of the carcass. The estimated and experimentally determined values were compared using the correlation and concordance coefficient, as well as the mean square error of prediction (MSEP) and its components. Results: The HH46 equations were better at estimating the amount of muscle plus fat in the carcass. The amount of bone in the carcasses could not be well estimated by the HH46 and M12 models. The M12, HH46, and V06 equations were worst at estimating the amounts of protein, ether extract, and water in the carcass, respectively. In the empty body, the amounts of protein and water were well estimated by the HH46 equations. Protein, ether extract, and water were accurately estimated by the V06 equations, and ether extract by the M12 equations. Conclusion: The physical and chemical composition of dairy crossbred bull carcasses, as well as the chemical composition of their empty bodies, can be predicted using the equations tested here. The amount of bone in these carcasses could not be accurately predicted.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.236-246
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• 2023

Background: This study helps to evaluate the Ovarian potential of Cameroonian Zebu cattle (Bos indicus) slaughtered in Etoudi - Yaoundé for implementing Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ARTs). The aim was to enhance the productivity of the cattle sub-sector in Cameroon while conserving local genetic resources. Methods: A total of 144 cows, including 94 cycled cows and 50 pregnant cows, were included in the study. Live weights were determined by measuring the thoracic perimeter of each cow using a Rondo measuring tape. Age was determined postmortem through examination of dentition and horns, while the uterus and ovaries were removed, weighed, and classified based on physiological status (pregnant or nonpregnant). Follicles were counted, and their diameters were measured and categorized into small (Ø < 3 mm), medium (Ø 3-8 mm), and large (Ø > 8 mm). Results: The results revealed an average follicular population of 32.02 ± 9.31 per cow, with 22.43 ± 8.45 small follicles, 8.42 ± 3.87 medium follicles, and 0.76 ± 0.34 large follicles. The weight of the right ovary was significantly higher than that of the left ovary (p < 0.05), and cows aged 6 to 9 years exhibited a higher number of follicles compared to other age groups. Cows with medium (BCS = 3) and large (BCS = 4-5) body reserves had the heaviest ovaries. Additionally, pregnant cows had heavier uteri compared to non-pregnant cows, and cows with a body condition score of 3 or higher had higher uterine weights than lean cows (BCS = 1-2). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that age, body condition score, and pregnancy status influence ovarian weight. Body Condition Score serves as a reliable indicator of cow nutritional status, and cows with BCS of 3-5 are excellent candidates for in vitro production of embryos.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.350-352
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• 2002

2002년 5월 도축중 발견된 거세수소의 근육 병변에 대한 검사 의뢰가 들어왔다. 이 병변의 육안적 소견은 광범위한 근육의 지방침윤이었고, 병리조직학적 검사에서 근섬유가 지방조직에 의해 대치된 것이 관찰되었으며, 기타 염증 소견은 관찰되지 않았다. 본 증례는 골격근의 광범위한 부분이 지방조직으로 대치된 지방증(steatosis)으로 진단되어 이에 보고하는 바이다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.154-158
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• 1987

As a series of systematic classification of paramphistomes, the worms in the rumen and reticulum were collected on 214 Korean cattle slaughtered at Jeonju abattoir from January, 1986 to April, 1987 and were classified by means of morphology. Afterwards, the karyotype of Paramphistomum cervi(Zeder, 1790) was detected by means of modified air.drying method from germ cells of the worms. The results were summarized as follows: 1. In the chromosome number of 254 p. cervi, the haploid cell was n:9 and the diploid 2n=18. The meiotic divisions were observed frequently; 1,924 haploid and 32 diploid cells were reliable. Nine pairs of mitotic chromosomes were homologous in the metaphase stage, and the chromosomes were composed of five medium-sized metacentrics (m) , subtelocentrics(st) or submetacentrics(sm) and four small-siRed subtelocentrics(st) or submetacentrics(sm). Meiotic metaphase was composed of five medium and four small chromosomes in size. 2. As a series of C-banding method, C-band was showed in centromeric region from all of the haploid germ cells. Whereas chromosome No. 3 and 5 included heterochromatin on the tip region, chromosome No. 4 on the distal region and No. 6 proximal region. And chromosomes No. 2 and 8 showed a remarkable C-band distinguished from other chromosomes.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.19-30
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• 1982

1. The cows slaughtered at age of 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9 years old were 1.5, 1.5, 15.0, 62.5 and 4.4% respectively. 2. The cows slaughtered at 351-450kg and more than 500kg were 60 and 28% respectively. 3. Best, very good, good and bad cows in nutritional condition were 1.6, 25.8, 62.9, and 9.7% respectively. Among the six cows which were bad nutrition, the two were with severe endometritis, the three were normal in genital function and one was on 70 days of pregnancy. 4. Holstein cows(55.2%) showed higher reproductive failure than the Korean cows(33.3%). 5. The slaughted ratio of the Korean cattle and Holstein cows was 36 and 64% respectively. 6. Pregnant cows were about 16% among the slaughtered one. 7. Reproductive failures were composed of 46% in uterus, 32% in ovaries, 8% in udder, 6% in oviduct, 4% in cervix of uterine, 2% in vagina and 2% inmummified fetus. 8. Forty six percentages of uterine diseases were as follows; horn, 13%, body of uterus, 32% and ovary diseases were 32%, that is, 12% of ovary atrophy, 8% of ovarycyst and 6% of lutealcyst. 9. The cows of reproductive failures were commonly infected with 1.6 kinds of diseases. 10. According to classification, six type of ovaries were as follows; normal, 58%, ovary-cyst, 11%, luteum cyst, 4%, coexistence of follicles and corpus luteum, 16%, weak function of ovaries, 10% and ovarian atrophy, 1%. 11. Major axis, minor axis and thickness of right ovary were larger than those of left one both in Korean cattle and Holstein cows. Holstein cow had generally larger size of ovary than these of the Korean cattle.. 12. The left and right oviducts showed no difference in length, but Holstein had longer oviduct than Korean cow. 13. There was no difference in the length of uterine horn between right and left in the Korean cows, but the right was longer than the left in Holstein cows. 14. Holstein had longer horn and body of uterine than the Korean cows. 15. The weight of right ovary was heavier than that of left in both breeds, but there was no differences in weight of left ovary between two breeds and right ovary of Holstein breed was heavier than that of the Korean cow. 16. The weight of right oviduct and uterine born was heavier than that of the left, and Holstein had heavier oviducts and uterine horns than the Korean cows. 17. Holstein had heavier uterine body and cervix of uterine than the Korean cows. 18. The length of reproductive systems of Korean cow is as follows; Major and minor diameter and thickness ofovary are 3.6${\pm}$0.7, 2.3${\pm}$0.4 and 1.6${\pm}$1.4 cm in left and 3.7${\pm}$0.6, 2.5${\pm}$0.5 and 1.8${\pm}$0.5 cm in right. Oviduct is 28.4${\pm}$3.1 cm in left and 27.8${\pm}$3.3 cm in right. Uterine horn is 27.4${\pm}$4.5 cm in left and 27.7${\pm}$4.9 cm in right. Uterine body and cervix are 3.4${\pm}$1.1 and 6.5${\pm}$1.7 cm. 19. The length of female reproductive systems ofHolstein cow is as follows; Major and minor diameter and thickness of ovary are 3.9${\pm}$1.3, 2.3${\pm}$0.5, and 1.5${\pm}$0.6 cm in left and 4.0${\pm}$0.8, 2.8${\pm}$0.6 and 1.8${\pm}$0.6 cm in right. Oviduct is 29.4${\pm}$4.2 cm in left and 29.3${\pm}$4.1 cm in right. Uterine horn is 30.2${\pm}$7.4 cm in left and 32.6${\pm}$8.4 cm in right. Uterine body and cervix are 4.5${\pm}$2.5 and 7.8${\pm}$2.9 cm. 20. The weight of reproductive systems of Korean cow is as follows; Ovary is 8.4${\pm}$4.1 g in left and 9.3${\pm}$3.6g in right. Oviduct is 1.5${\pm}$0.5 g in left and 1.6${\pm}$0.5 g in right. Uterine horn is 109${\pm}$27 g left and 118${\pm}$32 g in right. Uterine body and cervix are 30.4${\pm}$14.1 and 76.7${\pm}$38.4g. 21. The weight of reproductive systems of Holstein cow is as follows; Ovary is 8.2${\pm}$3.1 g in left and 12.5${\pm}$5.6 g in right. Oviduct is 1.7${\pm}$0.6 g in left and 1.9${\pm}$0.9 g in right. Uterine horn is 199${\pm}$14.2 g in left and 221${\pm}$111.2g in right. Uterine body and cervix are 58.2${\pm}$46.5 and 126.7${\pm}$103.3 g.