• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.10 s.212
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• pp.91-102
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• 2005

This study investigated differences in the level of delinquent behaviors depending on family structures among adolescents. The subjects were 552 middle and high school students living in Seoul and Incheon, of whom 247 were being raised by single-parents and 305 by non-divorced parents. All respondents answered by self-report questionnaire. Data were analyzed by t-test, Scheffe test, ANOVA and two-way ANOVA. The major findings were as follows. First, the level of adolescents' delinquent behaviors differed by sex and age. High school students tended to be more engaged in violence and status delinquent behaviors than middle school students. Male students were more likely to engage in social, sex and properly delinquent behaviors than female students. Second, there were differences in the level of delinquent behaviors depending on family structures among the adolescents. Mostly, adolescents with non-divorced parents were less delinquent than those with a single parent. Third, among the adolescents from a divorced family, then whose parents had been divorced for 1-2 years had the highest score in sex and property delinquent behaviors.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.316-320
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• 1997

Phenolic acids are regarded as harmful materials in food and environment science but recently, as useful materials, and thus adsorption is recommended as an effective separation technique to recover or remove phenolic acids from diluted solution. If the adsorbed phenolic compounds were useful materials, the materials should be recovered through desorption. Desorption using supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-$CO_2$) was tried to separate food-borne phenolic acids from charcoal in single solute system. In the comparisons of desorption amounts, gallic acid had the lowest lolubiligy to SC-$CO_2$. Gallic acid has more hydroxy functional groups than the other phenolic acids, which was immiscible with nonpolar SC-$CO_2$. Ferulic acid was yielded more than p-coumaric acid, because ferulic acid had much bigger molecular weight, which was affected more by van der Waas force. It was found that the most affecting factor on desorption amounts was the solubility of phenolic acids to SC-$CO_2$. The second affecting factor was van der Waals force. Response surface methodology(RSM) was conducted to read the trend of desorption. Increasing density of SC-$CO_2$ raised solubility of phenolic acids.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.47-55
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• 2005

The purposes of this study are to examine the economic conditions and parenting of custodial fathers/mothers and to explain their impacts on the children's social adjustment after divorce. A total of 185 custodial parents divorced within the last 5 years completed a structured questionnaire. Children's social adjustment was the dependent variable in this study and was defined as their school performance and behavior problems. Results show that compared with divorced custodial fathers, divorced custodial mothers demonstrate more effective parenting, but there were no differences in economic conditions between them. In addition, children in single-father divorced families have lower school grades and more behavior problems than those in single-mother divorced families. Results also indicate that the economic conditions and parenting have different effects for children across family type. For children raised with a custodial father in divorced families, the economic conditions and the divorce duration are associated with lower school grades and behavior problems. For children with a custodial mother, however, the effective of parenting and the children's age have significant effects on the children's social adjustment after the parent divorced. Based on these results, this study proposes strategies for the improvement of children's adjustment in divorced families.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.29
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• pp.16.1-16.9
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• 2014

Objectives Rapid increase in engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in many goods has raised significant concern about their environmental safety. Proper methodologies are therefore needed to conduct toxicity and exposure assessment of nanoparticles in the environment. This study reviews several analytical techniques for nanoparticles and summarizes their principles, advantages and disadvantages, reviews the state of the art, and offers the perspectives of nanometrology in relation to ENP studies. Methods Nanometrology is divided into five techniques with regard to the instrumental principle: microscopy, light scattering, spectroscopy, separation, and single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results Each analytical method has its own drawbacks, such as detection limit, ability to quantify or qualify ENPs, and matrix effects. More than two different analytical methods should be used to better characterize ENPs. Conclusions In characterizing ENPs, the researchers should understand the nanometrology and its demerits, as well as its merits, to properly interpret their experimental results. Challenges lie in the nanometrology and pretreatment of ENPs from various matrices; in the extraction without dissolution or aggregation, and concentration of ENPs to satisfy the instrumental detection limit.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.44
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• pp.213-238
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• 2009

This thesis examines the problems faced in the clearance procedures of Korea's e-customs system for which improvements are necessary, and suggests various ways of overcoming those problems. Practical implications regarding the advancement of Korea's e-customs system are as follows. First, the substructure of the e-customs clearance system, which is the basis for the establishment of a global single window, should be developed into a more modern and advanced system. Second, additional improvements in the law are required to render the broad array of Internet-based export and import documents legally binding. Third, customized services should be provided in order to improve the operating efficiency of the e-customs clearance system. Fourth, the reputation of Korea's e-customs clearance system should be raised via the strengthening of a cooperative system between concerned parties, including exporters and importers. This innovative approach to systematic improvements will come about when we can simplify current customs clearance procedures and establish a fairer customs inspection administration regime. Additionally, when we review the methods intrinsic to our customs system, we must emphasize the urgency of proper completion of related systems and arrangements in the trade business and similar fields.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 2000

Vibrio become prevailing if superficial temperature of ocean is raised and their activities of area are expanded and most of ocean creatures(fishes, oysters etc) are polluted with vibrio. The one who has taken these polluted fishes and oysters uncooked caused foodpoisoning and diarrhea from Vibrio. Frequently these diseases breakout is disposed in westsea shore of Korea. According to ancient and traditional Korean medical book - Kumkue Yorak - and their single, we carried out experiment check the activities of natural medicinal effects on Vibrio parahemolyticus. The prescriptions of trial materials are processed from extraction boiling water and 80% methanol and followed by freeze dried and adsorbed to every discs in dosage of 10mg. Gentamycin of 10mg were used for control. The result of compound prescription displayed special diseases in antimicrobial activities of boiling water and MeOH extraction compared with control. In single prescription, extraction of boiling water and MeOH of Schisandra sphenanthera(clear zone : 15mm) presented extraordinal antimicrobial activity. The MBC of Schisandra sphenanthera extracts was expressed 2.56mg/ml in boiling water and MeOH.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 1995

Self-bonding strength developed at the interface of amorphous PEEK films is highly sensitive to the processing variables(time, temperature, and pressure) during the bonding process. In order to examine the effects of these processing variables, amorphous PEEK films were bonded at various bonding conditions and the resultant interfacial bond strengths were measured using a modified single lap-shear test. Experimental results showed that the developed self-bonding strength increases with increase in bonding temperature and is directly proportional to the bonding time raised to the 1/4 power. The applied pressure seems only to produce better wetting at the beginning stage of the bonding process. Conclusively, the self-bonding of amorphous PEEK films provides a great potential for developing excellent bond strength approaching the strength of the parent material without any adhesives in structural applications.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.10
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• pp.85-103
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• 2010

Mona Hatoum and community make unlikely bedfellows. From her beginnings as a teenage exile to her maturity as an internationally celebrated artistic nomad, Hatoum defies classification within any single geographical or cultural community. Attempting, however, to locate specific points of contact between her and certain communities in terms of artist-in-residence projects in which she participated might be a particularly fruitful way of circumventing her notorious critical resistance to identity and her refusal of homogeneity. This paper starts with Miwon Kwon's critique of contemporary practices in community-based art, which locate an essentialising force that isolates a single point of commonality and overlooks authentic differences. It then turns to Jean-Luc Nancy's reconceptualization of community as 'unworked' and 'being-in-common' to provide analytical tools for avoiding the dangers of essentialism. By examining the three residencies that Hatoum accepted in the mid-1990s in the light of Nancy's observations and theories, and by bringing the idea of artistic nomadism and that of community into juxtaposition, we hope to show that Hatoum succeeds in finding an equilibrium between art and community, and that this sheds new light on the issues raised in recent discussions on such relationship.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.306-312
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• 2020

Korean army dogs are raised for special purposes and have contributed much to society. However, several diseases occur in dogs. Canine hip dysplasia (CHD) is a musculoskeletal disorder that occurs frequently in Korean army dogs and interferes with their activities. If we could control CHD, this would have a positive effect on their performance. This study performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 69 Korean army dogs to find significant loci for CHD using 170K single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). CHD was classified according to the Norberg angle criterion. The control group comprised 62 dogs classified as relatively normal, and 7 dogs with severe CHD formed the case group. From the GWAS analysis, we concluded that SNPs present on chromosome 4 might have a significant impact on the overall expression of canine hip dysplasia.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.354-359
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• 2016

Power plants maintenance data is to be sent to management server system via a communication network. In this case, reliable communication network is required. Transmission of the power plants maintenance data is used in the wired communication network or wireless communication network. PLC communication network is a kind of wired communication network. However PLC communication network is easily affected by noise. On the vulnerable areas in power line system, such as a mountain or rural areas, it is difficult to form a power line communication network. For a wireless communication, environment are also influenced factors in wireless communication. Harsh environmental factors are bring the communication characteristic degradation. In such areas it can be used a combination of two networks and in this way the complementary function can be achieved. Power plants are distributed in various regions across the country. The appropriate communication network is needed to maintain the power plant.This study investigated the effect of environment on the wired communication and wireless communication. It would examine a variable factor which is affect to the communication characteristic. We used PLC communication for wired communication network and ZigBee communication for wireless communication network. We investigated the characteristics of a single communication network and it raised the need for a complex communication technology to complement a single communication network.