• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2015

A simple method of assessing the risk of overturning of precast reinforced concrete columns is presented in this paper. The displacement-based methodology introduced herein is distinguished from conventional force-based codified methods of aseismic design of structures. As evidenced by results from field tests precast reinforced concrete columns can be displaced to a generous limit without sustaining damage and then fully recover from most of the displacement afterwards. Realistic predictions of the displacement demand of such (rocking) system in conjunction with the displacement capacity estimates enable fragility curves for overturning to be constructed. The interesting observation from the developed fragility curves is that the probability of failure of the precast soft-storey column decreases with increasing size of the column importantly illustrating the "size effect" phenomenon.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.225-236
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• 1989

1) At the isolated perfused guinea-pig and rat heart heterometric autoregulation of the myocardium and myogenic autoregulation of the coronary vessels were induced by means of stepwise increases of perfusion pressure. 2) According to this loading test Frank-Starling function curves of the left ventricle and pressure-flow curves of the coronary vessels can be drawn. This graphic evaluation gives more information about the condition of the heart and the coronary vessels than simple evaluation under hemodynamic equilibrium. 3) There are significant differences in both curves between animal species and between different perfusate Mg concentration. 4) Myogenic autoregulation is not affected by the cyclooxygenase inhibitors indometacin and me- clofenamate. Thus it appears unlikely that prostanoides are involved in myogenic autoregulation. 5) Ca antagonists (Gallopamil, prenylamine) depress myogenic autoregulation dose-dependently. Enhanced myogenic autoregulation, induced by low extracellular magnesium, can be reduced effectively by Gallopamil. 6) Ginsenosides from Panax ginseng as well as the ginsenoside 'Rg' are effective inhibitors of myogenic autoregulation without major negative inotropic effects.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2023

In order to analyze the effect of the cyclic lateral loading on the response of a pile-soil system, a full-scale single steel pile was subjected to one-way cyclic loading. The test pile was driven into a bi-layered soil consisting of a normally consolidated saturated clay overlying a silty sandy layer, the site being submerged by water up to one meter above the mudline in order to reproduce the conditions of an offshore pile foundation. The aim of this paper is to present the main results of interpretation of the cyclic lateral tests in terms of pile deflections, bending moment, and cyclic P-Y curves. From these latter an absolute secant reaction modulus E_AS,N was derived and a simple calculation model of the test single pile is proposed based on this modulus. Two applications of the proposed model are carried out, one with a 2D finite element modelling, and the second with a load transfer curves-based method.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.359-374
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• 2017

The seismic events in Northern Italy, May 2012, have revealed the seismic vulnerability of typical Italian precast industrial buildings. The aim of this paper is to present a seismic fragility model for Italian RC precast buildings, to be used in earthquake loss estimation and seismic risk assessment by comparing two building typologies and three different codes: D.M. 3-03-1975, D.M. 16-01-1996 and current Italian building code that has been released in 2008. Based on geometric characteristics and design procedure applied, ten different building classes were identified. A Monte Carlo simulation was performed for each building class in order to generate the building stock used for the development of fragility curves trough analytical method. The probabilistic distributions of geometry were mainly obtained from data collected from 650 field surveys, while the material properties were deduced from the code in place at the time of construction or from expert opinion. The structures were modelled in 2D frameworks; since the past seismic events have identified the beam-column connection as the weakest element of precast buildings, two different modelling solutions were adopted to develop fragility curves: a simple model with post processing required to detect connection collapse and an innovative modelling solution able to reproduce the real behaviour of the connection during the analysis. Fragility curves were derived using both nonlinear static and dynamic analysis.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.385-392
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• 1997

The shape of TL glow curve is a useful indicator for assurance of correct reading of the personal dosimeter. Since the reading procedure of TLD is irreversible, however, an analytic remedy should be considered to procure reliable dosimetric information for the readings with irregular glow con shape. In this study, kinetic trapping parameters of CaSO$_4$ : Dy Teflon personal dosimeter(Teledyne PB-6A) were analyzed by Halperin and Braner's model for general-order kinetics. From these kinetic tapping parameters, we also developed a simple procedure to retrieve the dosimetric information from abnormally distorted glow curves. The computerized glow curve deconvolution(CGCD) fitting of the reference glow curve with kinetic parameters from this study yields relative errors of about 5% from the expected integral. It was also found that the glow curve remedial procedure developed could retrieve the distorted TL glow curves within ewer ranges of 1575. With the glow curve retrieval techniques, doses incurred by gamma radiation can now be successfully re-constructed for the CaSO$_4$ : Dy Teflon dosimeter resulting abnormal glow curves.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2016

The problem of fitting B-spline curves to planar point clouds is studied in this paper. A novel method is proposed to deal with the most challenging case where multiple intersecting curves or curves with self-intersection are necessary for shape representation. A method based on Delauney Triangulation of data points is developed to identify connected components which is also capable of removing outliers. A skeleton representation is utilized to represent the topological structure which is further used to create a weighted graph for deciding the merging of curve segments. Different to existing approaches which utilize local shape information near intersections, our method considers shape characteristics of curve segments in a larger scope and is thus capable of giving more satisfactory results. By fitting each group of data points with a B-spline curve, we solve the problems of curve structure reconstruction from point clouds, as well as the vectorization of simple line drawing images by drawing lines reconstruction.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to develop a method to predict the performance and economics of a micro gas turbine cogeneration system using performance correction curves. The variables of correction curves are ambient temperature, ambient pressure, relative humidity and load fraction. All of the values of correction factors were expressed as relative values with respect to design values at the ISO conditions. Once the correction curves are obtained, system performance can be predicted relatively easily compared to a detailed performance analysis method through a simple multiplication of the correction factors of various variables at any operating conditions. The predicted results using the correction curve method were compared with those by the detailed and more complex performance analysis in a wide operating range, and its feasibility was confirmed. To illustrate the usability of the correction curve method, the results of an economic analysis of a cogeneration system considering varying operating ambient condition and load was presented.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.575-581
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 3차원 벡터필드의 탄젠트 곡선을 계산하는 효율적이고 정확한 방법을 제안한다. 탄젠트 곡선 상의 정확한 값을 구하지 못하고 단지 탄젠트 곡선의 근사치를 구하는 Runge-Kutta 같은 기존의 방법과는 달리 여기서 제안한 방법은 3D 사면체 도메인에서 벡터필드가 선형적으로 변한다는 가정하에 탄젠트 곡선 상의 정확한 값을 계산한다. 새로 제안한 방법은 벡터필드가 3D 사면체 도메인에서 선형적으로 변한다고 가정한다. 우선 이 방법은 3차원 벡터필드에서 육면체 셀을 5 또는 6개의 사면체 셀로 분해하는 것을 요구한다. 임계점은 각 사면체의 간단한 선형 시스템을 풀어서 간단하게 구할 수 있다. 이 방법은 이전 사면체에서 계산된 탄젠트 곡선상의 점들을 기초로 다음 사면체에서 탄젠트 곡선상의 계속적인 점들을 생성함으로써 출구 점을 구한다. 탄젠트 곡선상의 점들은 각 사면체의 명시해에 의해서 계산되었기 때문에 새로운 방법은 3D 벡터필드를 가시화하는데 정확한 위상을 마련한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.2016-2022
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• 2010

점들의 집합으로부터 곡선이나 곡면을 구성하는 문제는 기하학적 모델링, 컴퓨터그래픽스, 영상처리 등의 분야에서 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있다. 특히 곡선 재구성 문제는 기존에 존재하는 곡선으로부터 샘플링된 점들로부터 순서를 부여하여 점들을 연결하는 문제이다. 이러한 문제에 대한 대부분의 기존 방법들은 유클리언 거리를 기초로 하고 있기 때문에 자기교차를 가지고 있는 곡선의 재구성 문제를 해결하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 방향도 함께 고려하는 거리를 제안하고, 이를 이용하여 데이터 점들에게 순서를 부여하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 거리함수는 브라운 운동의 확산 특성을 반영한 것으로서, 다음 점의 위치에 대한 정보를 표준정규분포로 전환함에 의해서 유도되었다. 본 논문의 우수성은 기존의 방법으로는 해결하지 못했던 자기교차 곡선 재구성 문제를 해결할 수 있다는 점이다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.1623-1628
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 2차원 벡터 필드의 탄젠트 곡선을 계산하는 효율적이고 정확한 방법을 제안한다. 탄젠트 곡선 상의 정확한 값을 구하지 못하고 단지 탄젠트 곡선의 근사치를 구하는 Runge-Kutta 같은 종래의 방법과는 달리 여기서 제안한 방법은 2D 삼각형에서 벡터 필드가 선형적으로 변한다는 가정 하에 탄젠트 곡선상의 정확한 값을 계산한다. 새로 제안한 방법은 벡터 필드가 2D 삼각형에서 선형적으로 변한다고 가정한다. 우선 이 방법은 2D에서 사각형 셀을 2개의 삼각형 셀로 분해하는 것을 요구한다. 임계점은 각 삼각형의 간단한 선형 시스템을 풀어서 간단하게 구할 수 있다. 이 방법은 이전 삼각형에서 계산된 탄젠트 곡선상의 점들을 기초로 다음 삼각형에서 탄젠트 곡선상의 계속적인 점들을 생성함으로써 출구 점을 구한다. 탄젠트 곡선상의 점들은 각 삼각형의 명시해에 의해서 계산되었기 때문에 새로운 방법은 2D 벡터 필드를 가시화하는데 정확한 위상을 마련한다.