• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3785-3791
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• 2012

Dissolved oxygen is one of the most important factors controlling growth in aquatic organisms. Hypoxia is generally defined as dissolved oxygen less than 2.8 mg $O_2/L$ (equivalent to 2 mL $O_2/L$ or 91.4 mM). Therefore, hypoxia zone can cause a serious problem in marine ecosystem. In this study, to investigate embryotoxic (fertilization and embryo development rates) effects of hypoxia on sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus were exposed to dissolved oxygen levels of 7.6 mg $O_2/L$ (normoxia) and 1.8 mg $O_2/L$ (hypoxia) for 2 days at $15^{\circ}C$ and 33 ‰. Also, Expression levels of stress related gene (HSP70) and antioxidant related gene (glutathione reductase) in the sea urchins exposed to hypoxia were confirmed by Immunoblotting and RT-PCR analysis. In results, we showed that developmental rates were dramatically reduced in hypoxia condition. Molecular analysis demonstrated that higher HSP70 (5.5 fold) and glutathione reductase gene (2.79 fold) were present in the sea urchin exposed to hypoxia. Our results suggested that hypoxia can cause the abnormal development and elicits a stress and antioxidant response on sea urchin.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.472-482
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine if a geriatric injury would have a statistically significant relationship with the spatial safety within a specific region. To achieve the objectives of this study, an independent sample t-test and One-way ANOVA were performed to verify difference in mean value of regional safety grade, depending on the injury intentionality, injury location, activities at the time of injury, and injury mechanism, in 6,572 geriatric injury patients by combining the National Hospital Discharge Patients Injury Survey data and regional safety index data. The results of statistical validation suggested that there was no difference in the mean value of regional safety grade by sub-group with respect to the injury intentionality. However, a statistically significant difference was observed in terms of the mean value of regional safety grade in each sub-group with regard to the injury location, activities at the time of injury, and injury mechanism in connection with some areas of the regional safety index. Based on the results of such analysis, we derived and presented 3 implications related to policies and practice for the prevention of geriatric injury and a reduction of its occurrence rate in light of spatial safety after a discussion of the results through a comparison with previous studies that examined individual areas.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.105-118
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• 2015

Purpose - The objective of this study is to verify whether there are differences between Korean and Chinese consumers in the importance of the attributes such as shopping value and loyalty in social commerce. With the purpose of finding out these differences, the following questions are set up as research questions. First, will there be a difference between Korea and China in the importance of attributes of social commerce? Second, will there be a difference between Korean and Chinese consumers in shopping value? Third, will there be a difference between Korean and Chinese consumers in their loyalty? Research design, data, and methodology - The researchers collected data through self-administered questionnaires from Korean and Chinese consumers who had used social commerce within the past six months before answering the questionnaire. First, for social commerce users in Korea, comprising male and female university students in Chungcheong, a questionnaire was circulated. For social commerce users in China, university students within Beijing were surveyed. Responses to 336 questionnaires were used, excluding those with no answers or unreliable answers. Data coding and data cleaning were used. SPSS 18.0 was used. First, exploratory factor analysis is done to verify the validity of testing tools, and Cronbach's α coefficient is used to verify credibility. For factor analysis, the Varimax method is used. To verify the internal consistency reliability of each factor, the Cronbach's α coefficient is used to verify the credibility. Second, a T-test is done to verify differences between Korean and Chinese consumers for the importance of attributes. Third, ANOVA (Analysis of variance) is done to verify differences between Korean and Chinese consumers in shopping value and loyalty. Results - When Korean and Chinese consumers use social commerce, first, the importance of the attributes of social commerce is affected by four factors; playfulness and economic factors are more important to Korean consumers than Chinese consumers. As for informativeness factors, including product information and quality, and buyer comments, there was no confirmed difference between Korean and Chinese consumers. The convenience factor is more important to Chinese consumers than Korean consumers. Second, the factors affecting shopping value for Korean and Chinese consumers were hedonic shopping value and rational shopping value. To see the difference between Korean and Chinese consumers in shopping value factors, a t-test is conducted. As a result, in the rational shopping value factors of social commerce, Korean consumers scored higher than did Chinese consumers. These results were verified to be meaningful through statistics. In the hedonic shopping value factor of social commerce, Korean consumers scored higher than Chinese consumers. These results showed a significant difference. Third, loyalty in social commerce is higher for Chinese consumers than for Korean consumers. However, there is no difference in loyalty depending on sex. Conclusions - These results will hopefully be valuable and used in the future by Korean companies that wish to enter the Chinese social commerce market.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.81-92
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• 2016

Purpose - In recent years, management scholars have expressed growing interest in the concept of person-Job fit because of having many benefits for employees' attitudes and behaviors. The related research is needed to determine what specific types of fit are related to each other, and to get important individual outcomes. Person-job fit of employees in service organization plays an important role in company as well as person in service industry. Person-job fit, representing the consistency between person (service provider) and job (service provided to the customers), gives significant and positive effects on the attitude and behavior of service provider. On the basis of the study background, the purpose of this study is as follows. First, we would like to examine the effects of person-job fit of service provider on their emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is divided into four sub-factors such as self-understanding, understanding others, emotional utilization, and emotional regulation. Second, we would like to identify the relationships between job satisfaction and sub-factors such as self-understanding, understanding others, emotional utilization, and emotional regulation. Research design, data, and methodology - We performed structural equation model using Spss 18.0 and Amos 20.0 in order to verify the hypotheses. Subjects were golf service assistants who were high-touching service with high degree in interaction and long contact time with customers. 178 out of the total 200 surveys were used in evaluation from helpers of golf service working as full-time service provider after selecting two locations of golf course located near Busan. From the evaluation of reliability and validity with variables used in this research, they satisfied and confirmed certain standard. Results - The results are as follows. First, as the results of identifying the relationships between person-job fit and emotional intelligence of service provider, person-job fit did not have positive and significant effect on self-understanding. On the other hand, it affected positively and significantly other factors in emotional intelligence such as emotion to others, emotional utilization, and emotional regulation. Second, as the results of identifying the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction, sub-factors in emotional intelligence such as emotion to others, emotional utilization, and emotional regulation except self-emotion affected significantly and positively job satisfaction. However, self-emotion did not have significant and positive effects on job satisfaction. Conclusion - These results will be valuable and used for service providers. In addition, many service providers will recognize that person-job fit is very important to get a job. This research has a purpose on the assumption that appropriateness between individual and task in service industry shall act as major influence in emotional intelligence of service provider. Recognitive ability of service provider is also very important per characteristics of service, but emotional intelligence that interacts and connected directly with most customers can be a very meaningful factor as well. Emotional intelligence allows people to recognize, understand, and empathize the emotion of customers shall be a positive reinforcement for customers to evaluate the service ultimately.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.649-653
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• 1999

A magnetic fluid separation technology was confirmed to be very effective to remove the suspended solids (SS) from aquacultural recirculating water, In this study, the effects of operating variables on the characteristics of SS removal were investigated through the test runs using magnetite of 2 $\mu$m mean diameter as magnetic powder. Magnetic flocculation here formed by adsorbing fine magnetites on the surface of suspended solid was observed. The strength of magnet was of significance in determining the SS removal efficiency as well as the capacity of the equipment. In addition, the SS removal efficiency decreased with an increase in the superficial liquid velocity, but the effect became negligible when the mass ratio of magnetite to the suspended solids was higher than 1.0.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.55-68
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• 2007

DNA sequence alignment algorithms in computational molecular biology have been improved by diverse methods. In this paper, we proposed a DNA sequence alignment algorithm utilizing quality information and a fuzzy inference method utilizing characteristics of DNA sequence fragments and a fuzzy logic system in order to improve conventional DNA sequence alignment methods using DNA sequence quality information. In conventional algorithms, DNA sequence alignment scores were calculated by the global sequence alignment algorithm proposed by Needleman-Wunsch applying quality information of each DNA fragment. However, there may be errors in the process for calculating DNA sequence alignment scores in case of low quality of DNA fragment tips, because overall DNA sequence quality information are used. In the proposed method, exact DNA sequence alignment can be achieved in spite of low quality of DNA fragment tips by improvement of conventional algorithms using quality information. And also, mapping score parameters used to calculate DNA sequence alignment scores, are dynamically adjusted by the fuzzy logic system utilizing lengths of DNA fragments and frequencies of low quality DNA bases in the fragments. From the experiments by applying real genome data of NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information), we could see that the proposed method was more efficient than conventional algorithms using quality information in DNA sequence alignment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.433-438
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• 2016

This paper proposes a grade prediction method to measure meat quality in Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle) using classification and feature extraction algorithms. The applied classification algorithm is an AdaBoost and the texture features of the given ultrasound images are extracted using SFTA. In this paper, as an initial phase, we selected ultrasound images of Hanwoo for verifying experimental results; however, we ultimately aimed to develop a diagnostic decision support system for human body scan using ultrasound images. The advantages of using ultrasound images of Hanwoo are: accurate grade prediction without butchery, optimizing shipping and feeding schedule and economic benefits. Researches on grade prediction using biometric data such as ultrasound images have been studied in countries like USA, Japan, and Korea. Studies have been based on accurate prediction method of different images obtained from different machines. However, the prediction accuracy is low. Therefore, we proposed a prediction method of meat quality. From the experimental results compared with that of the real grades, the experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method is superior to the other methods.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.51
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• pp.183-210
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate correction-level associated with the social support perceived by juvenile delinquents. To accomplish these purposes, this study used sample of 546 juvenile delinquents who are in the process of the beginning stage in the police and prosecution. Social support and correction were assessed with an instrument designed for this study. Juvenile delinquents completed instruments assessing the following variables: (1) perceived social support scale, specially social support types(esteem support, emotional support, informational support) and social support providers (parents, relatives, friends, teachers, community) (2) correction scale, specially social stigma, social deprivation, self reflection, legal consciousness, self concept. The resulting scale of the instrument had good internal reliability(Cronbach's alpha=. ) and was scored so that high scores indicated a willingness to access. To examine this purpose, One way ANOVA, multiple regression analysis were conducted. And the results are as follows: The relationship ratings of the correction factors were positively associated with their rating of the type of social support. Informational support was positively associated with self reflection and esteem support was positively associated with self concept, legal consciousness, self reflection and emotional support were positively associated with esteem. The type of support according to support providers was significant, explaining 25% of the variance in self concept scores. The significant predictor was esteem support from friends and emotional support from a community. The type of support according to support providers was significant, explaining 20% of the variance in legal consciousness scores. The significant predictor was informational support from teachers and esteem support from a community. The type of support according to support providers was significant, explaining 21% of the variance in self reflection scores. The significant predictor was esteem support and emotional one from relatives.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.373-378
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• 2019

In the marine area, the salt concentration in the soil increases, and the inland heavy metal pollution increases the damage of plants. In the inland industrial development area, researches on the genetic resources of plants together with the heavy metal accumulation of Co, Ni, Zn, and so on are required. Both of these problems have caused scientists to work hard to find plants that are likely to cause stress in plant roots. In this study, seeds of Arabis stelleri var. japonica collected near the shore were used for germination. The growth and development and tolerance of both Arabis and Arabidopsis seeds were investigated under laboratory culture conditions. As a result, Arabis showed resistance about 3 times in 250 mM nickle and cobalt, and more than 4 times in 1 mM zinc when compared to Arabidopsis. The tolerance of Arabis to Na salts increased by 20% or more at 50 mM concentration and Arabis was resistant to heavy metals and salt concentration. The accumulation of Na ions in the body was measured as a preparation for studying the intracellular mechanism. As a result, it showed a further decrease in resistance to ground water roots. It is considered that the activity of the exporting gene is important rather than the mechanism of accumulation.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.24
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• pp.199-221
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• 2006

Daseuk Yeungmo Ryu, the author of the most Sijo poems in the history of Korean Literature, and his Sijo poems were once introduced by me. which is a small part of his world of Sijo, though. The goal of this study is, as its succeeding research, to reveal the features of Daseuk's Sijo poems and their significance in detail. There have been not a few poems which accepted religious contents in the history of Korean literature. Especially, Gesong In the Buddhist Zen is a typical example of the encounter between literature and religion. What is more. Buddhism was in alliance with Hyang-go in the Silla dynasty and with Gasa in the Chosun dynasty. Gasa was effectively used in accepting Buddhism as well as Taoism and Catholicism. Sijo has seemed to be farther from religion than Gasa has. However, Daseuk, a renowned religious thinker in the 21st century. expressed his religious ideas in Sijo, which has not been found in the history of Sijo before. Considering Hangeul as a special tool of expression, Daseuk delivered his condensed ideas in poetic dictions in a unique way. Each word in his Sijo poems implies his religious ideas, which are marked in a special transcription. It makes his Sijo difficult to understand. Yeungmo Ryu's Sijo poems should not be left unnoticed just because they are hard to understand but should have follow-up researches so that Daseuk's Sijo, which is the most in number and the most unique in its style, have to be embraced in Korean literature.