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http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2012.13.8.3785

Effects of Hypoxia on the Fertilization and Early Development of Sea Urchin, Strongylocentrotus nudus  

Lee, Gun-Sup (South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute)
Hwang, Jin-Ik (South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute)
Chung, Young-Jae (Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shin Gyeong University)
Kim, Dong-Giun (Department of Biological Science, Silla University)
Moh, Sang-Hyun (Anti-aging Research Institute of BIO-FD&C Co., Ltd.)
Chang, Man (South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute)
Lee, Taek-Kyun (South Sea Environment Research Department, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society / v.13, no.8, 2012 , pp. 3785-3791 More about this Journal
Abstract
Dissolved oxygen is one of the most important factors controlling growth in aquatic organisms. Hypoxia is generally defined as dissolved oxygen less than 2.8 mg $O_2/L$ (equivalent to 2 mL $O_2/L$ or 91.4 mM). Therefore, hypoxia zone can cause a serious problem in marine ecosystem. In this study, to investigate embryotoxic (fertilization and embryo development rates) effects of hypoxia on sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus were exposed to dissolved oxygen levels of 7.6 mg $O_2/L$ (normoxia) and 1.8 mg $O_2/L$ (hypoxia) for 2 days at $15^{\circ}C$ and 33 ‰. Also, Expression levels of stress related gene (HSP70) and antioxidant related gene (glutathione reductase) in the sea urchins exposed to hypoxia were confirmed by Immunoblotting and RT-PCR analysis. In results, we showed that developmental rates were dramatically reduced in hypoxia condition. Molecular analysis demonstrated that higher HSP70 (5.5 fold) and glutathione reductase gene (2.79 fold) were present in the sea urchin exposed to hypoxia. Our results suggested that hypoxia can cause the abnormal development and elicits a stress and antioxidant response on sea urchin.
Keywords
Hypoxia; Strongylocentrotus nudus; HSP70; Glutathione reductase;
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