• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2019

Genomic DNA samples were obtained from cultured penaeid shrimp (Penaeus chinensis) individuals such as fresh shrimp population (FSP) and deceased shrimp population (DSP) from Shinan regions in the Korean peninsula. In this study, 233 loci were identified in the FSP shrimp population and 162 in the DSP shrimp population: 33 specific loci (14.2%) in the FSP shrimp population and 42 (25.9%) in the DSP population. A total of 66 (an average of 9.4 per primer) were observed in DSP shrimp population, whereas 55 unique loci to each population (an average of 7.9 per primer) in the FSP shrimp population. The Hierarchical dendrogram extended by the seven oligonucleotides primers indicates three genetic clusters: cluster 1 (FRESH 01, 02, and DECEASED 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22) and cluster 2 (FRESH 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, and DECEASED 14, 18, 21). Among the twenty-two shrimp, the shortest genetic distance that exposed significant molecular differences was between individuals 20 and 16 from the DSP shrimp population (genetic distance=0.071), while the longest genetic distance among the twenty-two individuals that established significant molecular differences was between individuals FRESH no. 02 and FRESH no. 04 (genetic distance=0.477). In due course, PCR analysis has revealed the significant genetic distance among two penaeid shrimp populations.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2002

Findings from European and American studies have indicated such health behaviors as smoking, drinking, lack of exercise, and insufficient intake of grains, fruits and vegetables as risk factors for hypertension. However, because dietary pattern and health behaviors of Korean differ from people of other countries, the risk factors for Koreans could be different. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify food consumption patterns and health behavior characteristics of Korean hypertensive adults. Data on food consumptions and other health behaviors such as smoking, drinking, and exercise together with development of hypertension were collected from 597 persons aged 20 to 69 years in a local community. The first stage of analysis utilized cluster analysis to aggregate individuals into different health behavior and food consumption groups. Four health behavior groups were characterized by passive cluster, smoker cluster, fitness cluster and drinker cluster. Food consumption patterns of the subjects were also aggregated into 4 different clusters: dairy cluster, grain & vegetable cluster, fruit cluster, and fish & meat cluster. Then univariate analysis was followed to identify the variables associated with hypertension. The final stage of analysis was the identification of the relative importance of the variables selected from the univariate analysis on hypertension, using multiple logistic analysis. The results showed that heavy drinking was the most significant health behavior associated hypertension, which was similar to the findings in European and American studies. However, unlike the findings from foreign studies, grain and vegetable consumption appeared to be a risk factor for hypertension. A possible reason for the contradictory results between Korean and Western studies may be the dependence of Koreans on white rice as the major staple food, and/or the frequent consumption of salted vegetables, rather than fresh vegetables as is customary in Europe and America.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.74-84
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• 2011

조리 외식전공 대학생들의 교육환경서비스와 만족도에 관한 연구. 본 연구의 목적은 조리 외식전공대학생들을 대상으로 교육환경서비스와 전반적인 만족도간의 영향관계를 파악하기 위하여 전공자 314명을 대상으로 설문조사하였다. 조사목적을 달성하기 위하여 통계 프로그램 SPSS 17.0을 활용하여 기술통계 분석, 빈도분석, 요인분석, 다중회귀분석, 군집분석과 One-Way ANOVA 분석을 진행하였다. 교육환경서비스가 전반적인 만족도에 미치는 가설검정결과는 교육환경서비스 요인 중 실습시설 만족도와 교수의 친절강의 만족도에서(p<0.01) 부분적인 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 편의시설 만족도와 행정 서비스 만족도에서(p<0.01)는 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 교육환경서비스의 군집분류를 보면, 4개의 군집에서 군집 1은 미스트리형, 군집2는 만족형, 군집3은 불만족형, 군집4는 부정형 만족집단으로 분류하여 일원배치 분산분석에서(p<0.01)에서 통계적으로 유의한 결과를 나타내었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.455-460
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• 2014

Background: The purpose of the present study was to determine geographic clustering of breast cancer incidence in Kanagawa Prefecture, using cancer registry data. The study also aimed at examining the association between socio-economic factors and any identified cluster. Materials and Methods: Incidence data were collected for women who were first diagnosed with breast cancer during the period from January to December 2006 in Kanagawa. The data consisted of 2,326 incidence cases extracted from the total of 34,323 Kanagawa Cancer Registration data issued in 2011. To adjust for differences in age distribution, the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of breast cancer were calculated for each of 56 municipalities (e.g., city, special ward, town, and village) in Kanagawa by an indirect method using Kanagawa female population data. Spatial scan statistics were used to detect any area of elevated risk as a cluster for breast cancer deaths and/or incidences. The Student t-test was performed to examine differences in socio-economic variables, viz, persons per household, total fertility rate, age at first marriage for women, and marriage rate, between cluster and other regions. Results: There was a statistically significant cluster of breast cancer incidence (p=0.001) composed of 11 municipalities in southeastern area of Kanagawa Prefecture, whose SIR was 35 percent higher than that of the remainder of Kanagawa Prefecture. In this cluster, average value of age at first-marriage for women was significantly higher than in the rest of Kanagawa (p=0.017). No statistically significant clusters of breast cancer deaths were detected (p=0.53). Conclusions: There was a statistically significant cluster of high breast cancer incidence in southeastern area of Kanagawa Prefecture. It was suggested that the cluster region was related to the tendency to marry later. This study methodology will be helpful in the analysis of geographical disparities in cancer deaths and incidence.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.91-104
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• 1999

We use BV CCD images to investigate the reality of the color gradient within a King type globular cluster NGC 7089. Surface photometry shows that there is a strong radial color gradient in the central region of the cluster in the sense of bluer center with the amplitude of ~0.39 $\pm$ 0.07 mag/$arcsec^2$ in (B - V). In the outer region of the cluster, however, the radial color gradient shows a reverse case, i.e., redder toward the center. (B - V) color profile which was derived from resolved stars in VGC 7089 field also shows a significant color gradient in the central region of the clusters, indicating that lights from the combination of red giant stars and blue horizontal branch stars cause the radial color gradient. Color gradient of the outer region of NGC 7089 may be due to the unresolved background of the cluster. Similar color gradients in the central area of clusters have been previously observed exserved exclusively in highly concentrated systems classified as post core collapse clusters. We caution, however, to confirm the reality of the color gradient from resolved stars, we need more accurate imaging data of the cluster with exceptional seeing condition because the effect of completeness correlates with local density of stars.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.47.1-47.1
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• 2017

We study the alignment of kinematic position angles (PAkin) of early-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster using Atlas3D data. The PAkin represent the direction of the angular momentum of the galaxies better than the photometric position angles. Therefore, the alignment of their PA$_{kin}$ is a useful tool to trace the momentum direction. The early-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster have been known to be distributed as filamentary structures inside the cluster. We found that their PAkin are aligned to two directions of 20degree and -80degree. This fact is confirmed using the bootstrap test, and that is, the two alignment angles are statistically significant. Besides, these two angles are surprisingly aligned parallel to the filamentary structures inside the cluster. These results suggest that early-type galaxies were formed by major merging in the filament structures and then fall into the Virgo cluster while maintaining their position angles.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.1885-1890
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• 2008

3-D heterogeneous nucleation was simulated by classical molecular dynamics (MD), where the Lennard-Jones (LJ) gas and solid cluster-seed molecules have argon and aluminum properties, respectively. There are three shapes of cluster-seeds, cube, rod, and sphere, and three classes of masses and the simulation took place under nine supersaturation ratios, making a total of 81 calculations. Results show that the dimension of the cluster-seed highly affects the rates of cluster development. In order to analyze heterogeneous nucleation above and below the critical supersaturation ratio, growth rate and liquefaction rate were separately defined to supplement the investigation. Design of experiments (DOE) was used for analysis which displayed that the shape and mass of the cluster-seed are prominent for the growth rate, while the supersaturation ratio is most significant followed by the mass for liquefaction rate. The significance of the supersaturation ratio for overall liquefaction suggests that thermal diffusion is more dominant than mass interactions for this system.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2020

This study classified and analyzed characteristics of residents in public rental housing based on data from the 2018 Housing Survey. First, in order to classify the type of public rental housing resident, the criteria were derived through factor analysis based on the satisfaction evaluation index. Next, based on the factor value, the group was classified by type through cluster analysis, and the satisfaction, characteristics of residential households, and characteristics of rental housing types were analyzed for each cluster. As a result of factor analysis, evaluation of housing facilities, accessibility, and residential comfort was selected as the cluster classification criteria, and a total of four clusters were derived through cluster analysis. As a result of analyzing the characteristics of each cluster, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference in the level of residential satisfaction, characteristics of residents, and detailed types of rental housing. The results of this analysis are expected to be used to improve existing public rental housing or develop new types of rental housing to match the characteristics of residential housing for public rental housing. In addition, in the type integration of rental housing currently being promoted, it is necessary to develop a method of providing differentiated services in consideration of the characteristics of tenants as well as the integration of physical housing types.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2009

The growth of the World Wide Web and web-based applications is creating demand for high performance web servers to offer better throughput and shorter user-perceived latency. This demand leads to widely used cluster-based web servers in the Internet infrastructure. Load balancing algorithms play an important role in boosting the performance of cluster web servers. Previous load balancing algorithms suffer a significant performance drop under dynamic and database-driven workloads. We propose an estimation-based load balancing algorithm with admission control for cluster-based web servers. Because it is difficult to accurately determine the load of web servers, we propose an approximate policy. The algorithm classifies requests based on their service times and tracks the number of outstanding requests from each class in each web server node to dynamically estimate each web server load state. The available capacity of each web server is then computed and used for the load balancing and admission control decisions. The implementation results confirm that the proposed scheme improves both the mean response time and the throughput of clusters compared to rival load balancing algorithms and prevents clusters being overloaded even when request rates are beyond the cluster capacity.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.81.1-81.1
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• 2021

Stellar kinematics is a useful tool to understand the formation and evolution of young stellar systems. Here, we present a kinematic study of the HII region, NGC 821, using the Gaia Early Data Release 3. NGC 281 contains the open cluster IC 1590. This cluster has a core and a low-stellar density halo. We detect a pattern of cluster expansion from the Gaia proper motion vectors. Most stars radially escaping from the cluster are distributed in the halo. We measure the 1-dimensional velocity dispersion of stars in the core. The velocity dispersion (1 km/s) is comparable to the expected virial velocity dispersion of this cluster, and therefore the core is at a virial state. The core has an initial mass function shallower than that of the halo, which is indicative of mass segregation. However, there is no significant correlation between stellar masses and tangential velocities. This result suggests that the mass segregation has a primordial origin. On the other hand, it has been believed that the formation of young stars in NGC 281 West was triggered by feedback from massive stars in IC 1590. We investigate the ages of stars in the two regions, but the age difference between the two regions is not comparable to the timescale of the passage of an ionization front. Also, the proper motion vectors of the NGC 281 West stars relative to IC 1590 do not show any systematic receding motion from the cluster. Our results suggest that stars in NGC 281 West might have been formed spontaneously. In conclusion, the formation of NGC 281 can be understood in the context of hierarchical star formation model.