• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.1275-1282
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• 2009

The tunnel excavations are used for construction of common utility tunnel, electric tunnel, communication line tunnel, water supply and public sewerage pile line in urban area. The trench cut methods were mainly used in the past, but now, tunneling method is more being used. The tunnel excavation method like as NATM, Messer-Shield, Semi-Shield Methods are being applied to small section tunnel in Korea. The actual construction results of seme-shield method are increasing due to simplified construction process and reduced noise and vibration. And also this method is being used frequently in waterway tunnel and construction of prevention flooding recently. The seme-shield method design guideline is absence except for electric line tunnel construction in Korea, because of the semi-shield method was developed in Europe and Japan. In the prescriptive design, engineer's subjects are tending to intervene, because of absence of standard and specification for details. Therefore, Design and Construction Problems of Semi-Shield Method were described and construction trouble was introduced for exam. These problem and construction troubles have to be examined thoroughly in advance.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제84권5호
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• pp.699-706
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• 2022

Settlement control techniques are critical for the safety of shield tunnel constructions, especially for facing complex situations. In this study, the shield tunnel structure from Huaita east road station to Heping Road station in Xuzhou metro No.3 line (China) is taken as engineering background, which has various complex problems of the upper-soft and lower-hard composite stratum conditions, twin curve shield tunnels, and underpass the foundation of the piled raft. The deformation characteristics of shield tunnelling passing through buildings are explored. Subsequently, comprehensive research methods of numerical simulation and field measurement are adopted to analyzing the effectiveness of settlement control by using the top grouting technique. The results show that the settlement of the buildings has obvious spatial characteristics, and the hysteresis effect can be obviously observed in soil deformation caused by shield construction. Meanwhile, the two shield constructions can cause repeated disturbances, reducing the soil deformation's hysteresis effect. Moreover, the shield tunnel's differential settlement is too large when a single line passes through, and the shield construction of the outer curve can cause more significant disturbance in the tunnel than the inside curve. Notably, the proposed process control parameters and secondary topgrouting method can effectively control the deformation of the shield tunnel, especially for the long-term deformation.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.319-326
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• 2002

During the construction period of submarine shield tunnel, which is built firstly in very soft marine clay layer 40m deep in Korea, wide range problems were encountered such as safe launching against high earth pressure at shield entrance, technique of shield face pressure control when passing through complex multi-layered soils This paper introduces successful construction practice through development of state-of-the-art construction method and field monitoring.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.283-293
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• 2019

Evaluating the stability of the excavation face of the cross-river shield tunnel with good accuracy is considered as a nonlinear and multivariable complex issue. Understanding the stability evaluation method of the shield tunnel excavation face is vital to operate and control the shield machine during shield tunneling. Considering the instability mechanism of the excavation face of the cross-river shield and the characteristics of this engineering, seven evaluation indexes of the stability of the excavation face were selected, i.e., the over-span ratio, buried depth of the tunnel, groundwater condition, soil permeability, internal friction angle, soil cohesion and advancing speed. The weight of each evaluation index was obtained by using the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method. The evaluation model of the cross-river shield construction excavation face stability is established based on the idea point method. The feasibility of the evaluation model was verified by the engineering application in a cross-river shield tunnel project in China. Results obtained via the evaluation model are in good agreement with the actual construction situation. The proposed evaluation method is demonstrated as a promising and innovative method for the stability evaluation and safety construction of the cross-river shield tunnel engineerings.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.513-521
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• 2020

In this paper, due to the need for cutting cement-soil group pile composite foundation under the 7-story masonry structure of Zhenghe District and the shield tunnel of Zhengzhou Metro Line 5, a field test was conducted to directly cut cement-soil single pile composite foundation with diameter Ф=500 mm. Research results showed that the load transfer mechanism of composite foundation was not changed before and after shield tunnel cut the pile, and pile body and the soil between piles was still responsible for overburden load. The construction disturbance of shield cutting pile is a complicated mechanical process. The load carried by the original pile body was affected by the disturbance effect of pile cutting construction. Also, the fraction of the load carried by the original pile body was transferred to the soil between the piles and therefore, the bearing capacity of composite foundation was not decreased. Only the fractions of the load carried by pile and the soil between piles were distributed. On-site monitoring results showed that the settlement of pressure-bearing plates produced during shield cutting stage accounted for about 7% of total settlement. After the completion of pile cutting, the settlements of bearing plates generated by shield machine during residual pile composite foundation stage and shield machine tail were far away from residual pile composite foundation stage which accounted for about 15% and 74% of total settlement, respectively. In order to reduce the impact of shield cutting pile construction on the settlement of upper composite foundation, it was recommended to take measures such as optimization of shield construction parameters, radial grouting reinforcement and "clay shock" grouting within the disturbance range of shield cutting pile construction. Before pile cutting, the pile-soil stress ratio n of composite foundation was 2.437. After the shield cut pile is completed, the soil around the lining structure is gradually consolidated and reshaped, and residual pile composite foundation reaches a new state of force balance. This was because the condensation of grouting layer could increase the resistance of remaining pile end and friction resistance of the side of the pile.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.213-223
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• 2016

도시에 밀집된 인구에 의하여 교통 혼잡이 빈번하게 일어나고 있으며 그에 따른 도시민의 불편이 증대 되었다. 이러한 교통 불편을 최소화 하는 방안으로 저심도 철도와 같은 다양한 교통시스템이 제안되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 경제적인 저심도 철도시스템 구축을 위하여 개발중인 트렌치쉴드의 설계와 더불어 소형 트렌치 쉴드 장비를 제작하여 트렌치 쉴드의 적용성에 대한 검토가 이루어졌다. 본 논문에서 도출한 트렌치 쉴드는 굴착부와 쉴드부, 추진부로 구성되어있다. 이렇게 검토 및 설계된 트렌치쉴드의 적용성을 검토하기 위하여 실내실험을 추진하였으며 이를 통하여 트렌치 쉴드를 통한 개착시공현장의 급속시공이 가능함을 확인하였다. 비록 실내실험이고 상대적으로 소규모의 실험이지만 트렌치 쉴드를 이용할 경우 3m/일의 시공속도 확보가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.79-94
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• 2022

도심지 포화 상태로 인한 지하공간 개발의 일환으로 터널 건설의 수요가 증가하고 있다. 쉴드 TBM 공법은 진동과 소음을 최소화하며 굴착과 동시에 지반 변형을 최소화하는 공법으로, 국내 도심지 터널 시공은 대체로 쉴드 TBM이 적용되고 있다. 도심지 지반침하 예측의 중요성은 나날이 증가하고 있으며 쉴드 TBM 시공의 경우 지반 변형을 최소화 하지만 터널굴착에 의한 지반침하는 필연적으로 발생한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도심지 적용성이 높은 쉴드 TBM과 지반침하와의 상관성을 분석하여 지반침하에 주요한 영향을 미치는 쉴드 TBM 시공인자를 제시하고자 한다. 실제 현장에서 수집한 쉴드 TBM 시공데이터와 지반침하 계측데이터 간 상관관계 분석을 수행하였으며, 상관성 정도를 상관계수 "r"로 표현하였다. 그 결과 지반침하에 영향을 미치는 쉴드 TBM 주요 시공인자는 추력(Thrust force), 토크(Torque), 챔버압(Chamber pressure), 뒷채움압(Backfill pressure), 배토량(Muck discharge)으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 향후 쉴드 TBM 운용 시 지반침하를 사전에 예측 및 제어 할 수 있도록 주요 시공데이터에 대한 판단 기준 제시에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.483-496
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 연약지반에 건설되는 Shield TBM 터널의 시공기술을 제시하였다. 이 연구를 수행하기 위하여 Shield TBM 장비를 축소 제작하여 축소모형 시험을 수행하였으며, 쉴드터널 굴착을 모사하기 위하여 다양한 장비들이 적용되었다. 또한 축소모형시험 중 Shield TBM 장비로 인해 발생되는 지반의 거동을 계측하였으며, 지반의 안정성은 시뮬레이션 결과를 토대로 평가하였다. 이를 바탕으로 쉴드터널의 안전한 시공을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 결론적으로 Shield-TBM 구간에 대한 실내축소모형시험을 통하여 설계의 신뢰성을 확보하고, 시공 시 안전을 위한 개선사항 등과 특히, Shield TBM 추진시 쉴드터널이 통과하는 공항 활주로의 안정성을 확보하기 위한 시공방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.199-207
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• 1996

최근 10여년간 터널 막장면에서 연속적인 지지가 가능해진 연약 점토지반에서의 실드터널 시공법이 개발되었다. 이러한 실드공법은 굴착시 융기단계가 조절될 수 있으므로 테일보이드 내부로 토사의 이동을 감소시키는데 많은 도움을 줄 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 밀폐형 실드의 일종인 슬러리 실드와 토압식 실드의 계측치를 이용하여 실드터널 해석을 위해 개발된 2차원 탄소성 프로그램 EPSHILD에 적용시켜 검증하였다. 보다 정확한 해석수행을 위해 시공단계에 상응하는 굴착단계를 결정하였고 융기하중과 하중분담률을 고려하였다. 본 연구는 실드 시공과정에서 발생하는 즉시침하에 근거를 둔 것이며 장기침하에 대해서는 고려하지 않았다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1996년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.89-94
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• 1996

The use of shield is increasing day by day, because it's method is advantageous tunneling method to soft and collapsible ground. In case of analyzing shield tunnel by FEM, short term behavior of ground by initial heaving and tail void closure and long terms of it because of consolidation by changes of pore pressures in clay must be considered. In this paper, the shield tunneling construction stages was analyzed from 2 dimensional elasto - viscoplastic finite element program used Mohr - Coulomb yield criterion but not considered the changes of pore pressures. The object of investigation was N - 2 Tunnel. Since the good results of analysis compared to the measured behavior of ground for heaving, tail void closure and liner installation, this results can be applied to design and construction of shield tunneling for the subways, sewage lines etc.