• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2022

The Bigyeokjincheolloe (bomb shell), a scientific cultural heritage, has outstanding historical value for sustaining a gunpowder weapon of Joseon. In this study, the bomb shell was modeled through three-dimensional (3D) scanning centered on the external shape and 𝛾-ray radiography-based on the internal shape. In particular, to improve the contrast in the radiographic image, optimization and image processing were performed. After these processes, the thickness of the inner wall (2.5 cm on average) and the positions of the three mold chaplets were clearly revealed. For exhibition purposes, the 3D model of the bomb shell was output to a 3D printer and the output was rendered realistic by coloring. In addition, the internal functional elements, such as Mokgok, fuse, mud, gunpowder, and caltrops, were reproduced through handwork. The results will contribute to the study of digital heritages in two ways. First, the internal and external shapes of the bomb shell were modeled by fusing two different technologies, namely, 3D scanning and 𝛾-ray radiography. Second, the internal shape of the bomb shell was constructed from the original form data and the reproduction was utilized for museum exhibitions. The developed modeling approach will greatly expand the scope of museum exhibitions, from those centered on historical content to those centered on scientific content.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.163-171
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• 2016

The objectives of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Chinese traditionality expression at restaurants in Beijing area. 12 restaurants were selected and visited for the investigation research. The results were as follows. First, traditional reproduction was found mainly manifested through the reproduction of traditional ornaments, in particular, the facade and interior element ornaments. Second, Traditional transformation was mainly manifested in replacement material while changing the shape slightly, or to stretch or shorten prototype shape and other negative deformation methods which did not largely out of the scope of traditional reproduction. Third, Traditional reinterpretation was expressed by abstract, symbol or metaphor on designs, usually people can not directly recognize the traditional archetype. When compare with traditional reproduction or traditional transformation, traditional reinterpretation was relatively fewer, however, in this study the traditional reinterpretation and traditional transformation have same numerical result. Reinterpretation as a positive performance method of traditional modernized, it was encouraging the phenomenon, especially in the ceiling design. Chinese traditional cloud patterns have been three-dimensional and diversification of use. And in the wall design, traditional elements have been extremely simplistic or adopted a wide variety of traditional elements, it may be preferred in diversity. In addition, furniture was tinge traditional elements in modern form, lighting was added symbolize color or picture on the traditional lighting which shape was simplified to emphasize space's traditional. But the facade, sign board, floor, and window element seems the range of variation was not wild, promote more use the positive traditional reinterpretation method.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

In reproduction, mitochondria produce bioenergy, help to synthesize biomolecules, and support the ovaries, oogenesis, and preimplantation embryos, thereby facilitating healthy live births. However, the regulatory mechanism of mitochondria in oocytes and embryos during oogenesis and embryo development has not been clearly elucidated. The functional activity of mitochondria is crucial for determining the quality of oocytes and embryos; therefore, the underlying mechanism must be better understood. In this review, we summarize the specific role of mitochondria in reproduction in oocytes and embryos. We also briefly discuss the recovery of mitochondrial function in gametes and zygotes. First, we introduce the general characteristics of mitochondria in cells, including their roles in adenosine triphosphate and reactive oxygen species production, calcium homeostasis, and programmed cell death. Second, we present the unique characteristics of mitochondria in female reproduction, covering the bottleneck theory, mitochondrial shape, and mitochondrial metabolic pathways during oogenesis and preimplantation embryo development. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with ovarian aging, a diminished ovarian reserve, a poor ovarian response, and several reproduction problems in gametes and zygotes, such as aneuploidy and genetic disorders. Finally, we briefly describe which factors are involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and how mitochondrial function can be recovered in reproduction. We hope to provide a new viewpoint regarding factors that can overcome mitochondrial dysfunction in the field of reproductive medicine.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.153-165
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• 2005

The main purpose of a spatial audio system is to give a listener the same impression as if he/she were present in a recorded environment. A dummy head microphone is generally used for such purposes. Because of its human-like shape, we can obtain good spatial sound images. However, its shape is a restriction on its public use and it is difficult to convert a 2-channel recording into multi-channel signals for an efficient rendering over a multi-speaker arrangement. In order to solve the problems mentioned above, a spatial audio system is proposed that uses multiple microphones on a rigid sphere. The system has five microphones placed on special points of the rigid sphere, and it generates audio signals for headphone, stereo, stereo dipole, 4-channel, and 5-channel reproduction environments. Subjective localization experiments show that front/back confusion, which is a common limitation of spatial audio systems using the dummy head microphone, can be reduced dramatically in 4-channel and 5-channel reproduction environments and can be reduced slightly in a headphone reproduction.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 1980

This experiment was carried out to observe early morphological changes of luteal cells in Korean native cattle treated with prostaglandin F2$\alpha$. Twenty five gram of prostaglandin F2$\alpha$ was administrated per cow at 10 days after ovulation and luteal cells were removed 30, 60, 120 and 180 minites after administration. Morphological changes of each luteal cell was observed by electron microscope. the results obtained were summarized as followings: 1. Many electron-dense granules were observed in luteal cells obtained from control cow but those granules were decreased rapidly after 30 minutes of administration and no granules were obresved after 180 minutes of administration. 2. In control, the shape of mitochondria were begining to collapse from the time of 60 minutes after administration. After 180 minutes of administration, mitochondria were swelled extreamly. 3. Lipid droplets in luteal cell were increased in its size and number with the duration of time after administration. 4. Shape of smooth endoplasmic recticulum was vesicular and its dimension and number were increased according to time course after administration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.407-411
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• 2000

Color reproduction n CRT monitors needs colorimetric characterization concluding two stages with 3x3 matrix and three TRCs (Tone-Reproduction Characteristics). The 3x3 matrix is based on the additivity of RGB emissions, and the TRC represents the non-linearity between the input digital counts and the output luminance. The objective of this project is to evaluate the accuracy of color reproduction on LCD monitors using conventional CRT model(GOG model). For two different manufacturers, colorimetric characterizations of desktop LCDs have been performed. Because the transfer function for LCD is very differ from TRC of CRT, some researchers had reported that GOG model is inadequate for the colorimetric characterization of LCDs. However in our experiment, the degree of accuracy was dependent on the shape of electro-optical transfer functions of LCD. It has been founded that the GOG model could be applied for LCD monitors having monotonically increased Electro-optical transfer function.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.49-67
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• 2014

Subject : The Association between Extraordinary Organs(奇恒之腑) and Eight Extra Meridians(奇經 八脈). Objectives : This study research some special aspects of Extraordinary Organs and Eight Extra Meridians which differentiated from ordinary Organs and Meridians, and the association between Extraordinary Organs and Eight Extra Meridians. Methods : First, researched classification standard and physiological characteristics of Extraordinary Organs through studying various chapters of HuangdiNeijing. Second, researched The Association between Extraordinary Organs and Eight Extra Meridians through studying on the origin of Eight Extra Meridians in HuangdiNeijing. Third, from accompanying researching the subject of Cheon-gye(天癸) and human body shape, draw synthetic hypothesis on the relationship among ordinary Meridians and Organs, muscles and skins of body shape, Extraordinary Organs and Eight Extra Meridians. Results & Conclusions : The following conclusions could be drawn. 1. Extraordinary Organs afford background for shaping human body. This is same as the properties of the earth which afford background for shaping all creations. The physiological characteristics of Extraordinary Organs is intermediation and regulation between Ki(氣) of Five Viscera & six Bowels and shape of muscles & skins in human body. 2. The origin of Eight Extra Meridians could be found in HuangdiNeijing. The collateral Meridians of the Uterus and Epiglottis Meridian are specifically formulated to supplying for the Uterus or Epiglottis. From this we can draw The Association between Extraordinary Organs and Eight Extra Meridians, that is Eight Extra Meridians are specifically formulated to supplying for Extraordinary Organs. 3. The Cheon-gye(天癸) is doing significant function in Eight Extra Meridians supplying for Extraordinary Organs. Cheon-gye concerned to growth, secondary sexual characters, generative function, aging process. Theses are all concerned with the changing of human body shape. Cheon-gye urge to change the body shape with following the human life cycle. 4. Human body has vertical symmetry because preserve its shape from the gravitational force. Eight Extra Meridians place at the middle or flank axis of human body, thus do physiological function that assistant human body have vertical symmetry shape. The purpose of shaping vertical symmetry is securing space what the inner Twelve Regular Meridians and Five Viscera & six Bowels create there own physical changes. On the other hand the inner changes need deviation between left and right because of mobility and circulation of force. But human body change the shape in the process of growth, reproduction, aging. Eight Extra Meridians play role at time of these processing, thus they deeply concerned to human's life cycle and reproduction. 5. Eight Extra Meridians and Extraordinary Organs were named 'Extra' because of some special aspects which differentiated from ordinary Meridians and Organs. All they play role to have vertical symmetry shape of human body and maintain the shape, thus they deeply concerned to the change of human life cycle. These shaping maintaining and the change of human life cycle are very special aspects of human body. So they needed to differently cognize separate to the ordinary changes of Five Viscera & six Bowels and Twelve Meridians at inner space.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.336-342
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• 2014

Asexual benthic polyp reproduction plays a major role in the jellyfish bloom. Recent studies found that temperature is the most important factor to regulate the budding rate of the polyps. We established a simple dynamic model to count the number of polyps depending on the variation of temperature with two data sets from different places. The population of polyps was counted through the budding rate and the number of budding times by Fibonacci sequence. It is assumed that the budding rate depends on the temperature only. The budding rate of the asexual reproduction shows very sensitive to the distribution of the seawater temperature. The model was tested to the temperature data of Ansan located in the west sea of Korea. The results indicate that this model can be useful to predict the blooms of Aurelia aurita polyps, which may have considerable influence on the bloom of medusa. The shape of temperature curve plays a key role in the predicting the bloom of Aurelia aurita polyps.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.102-115
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• 2011

This study is about reproduction of Yoseon-Cheobli excavated from Byun-su tomb in earlier Joseon Dynasty. There are three Yoseon-Cheobli in Byun-su tomb. The producing process is made in concrete by suggesting the process of producing clothing. Based on the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, the most frequently recorded one, was reproduced by dying fabric with safflower and indigo plants. Through the research about their specific size, sewing method and construction, it have been produced in the following. First, the revealing that collar to be half-square and to compose the line in the center of collar. The width of the collar is 11.6 12.1cm. Second, the 21~22 pairs of waist lines that are 13~14cm in width fixed at intervals of 0.3cm. The method of making waist lines is twisting either fabrics or silk threads. Third, fine gathering around the part of the waist of skirt, and the size of fold surface is 0.2cm. Sewing method needs running stitch and backstitch. As the result of producing the cloth, it became to possess more ornamental features after transformation suitable to the new environment while the same remained functional features for everyday life such as a dressing shape, length of the bodice and curvy completion line of a collar strip.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.65-77
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• 2014

This paper is on the reproduction of kwanmo, which is worn by the dancers in Taepyeongjiak at the National Classical Music Institute, focusing on Jinhyunkwan, Pybyun, Buyongkwan. Taepyeongjiak is a performance of the court banquet called Hoeryeyeon held during the 15th year of Sejong'reign(1433). The Hoeryeyeon performances were held on January 1st and December 22nd, to strengthen the good relationship between the King and his officials. The reproduction of kwanmo worn by the dancers was reproduced for the modern performances on the basis of the literature and relic research. The results of the study are as follows. Jinhyunkwan is the kwanmo that is associated with the literature and it comes from an old Chipokwan, is confirm that liang(梁) of Chipokwan's characteristic vanished. Pybyun is kwanmo which is associated with the military, comes from Jeolpung. The incision line was formed to make the corn shape, and this became the liang(梁). Buyongkwan is corolla adorned with lotus, and is highlighted with colored string of beads. Unlike other corollas, its gilt lotus was adorned with purple-yellow braids.