• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.2 s.115
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• pp.80-98
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• 2006

This study originated from following questions. What can we understand the conception of deconstruction, which has been the core idea of new discourses developed in various ways since modernism? How can this question be interpreted in landscape design? What is the conceptional frame of integration the prominent hybrid post-genre movements and phenomena? The frame can be epitomized with the deconstruction phenomenon. 'Deconstruction' is the core conception appeared in late or post-modern ages in the embodiment of modernity and can be viewed as an integrating or a hybrid phenomenon between areas or genres in formative arts. Therefore, the author regards the hybrid movements widely witnessed in the post contemporary formative arts as one of the most important indicators of de-constructive signs. It is safe to say that the phenomenon of this integration or hybridism, of course, does not threaten the identity of landscape design but serves as an opportunity to extend the areas of landscape design. One of the consequences of this integration or hybridism is the voluntary participation of users who have been alienated in the production of the meanings of design works and hybrid landscape design with the hybridization of genres that is characterized with transformation in forms. This view is based on the distinction between hybridization of interactions between the designer (the subject) and the user (the object), and hybridization of synesthesia. Generally speaking, this is an act of destroying boundaries of the daily life and arts. At the same time, it corresponds to vanishing of modern aesthetics and emerging of post-contemporary aesthetics which is a new aesthetic category like sublimeness. This types of landscape design tries to restore humans' sensibility and perceptions restrained by rationality and recognition in previous approach and to express non-materialistic characteristics with precaution against excessive materialism in the modern era. In light of these backgrounds, the study aims to suggest the hybrid concept and to explorer a new landscape design approach with this concept, in order to change the design structure from 'completed' or 'closed' toward 'opened' and to understand the characteristics of interactions between users and designs. This new approach is expected to create an open-space integrating complexity and dynamics of users. At the same time, it emphasizes senses of user' body with synesthesia and non-determination. The focus is placed on user participation and sublimity rather than on aesthetic beauty, which kind of experience is called simulacre. By attaching importance to user participation, the work got free from the material characteristics, and acceptance from the old practice of simple perception and contemplation. The boundaries between the subject and object and the beautiful and ordinary, from the perspective of this approach, are vanished. Now everything ordinary can become an artistic work. Western dichotomy and discrimination is not effective any more. And there is 'de-construction' where there is perfect equality between ordinary daily life and beautiful arts. Thus today's landscape design pays attention to the user and uses newly perceived sensitivity by pursing obscure and unfamiliar things rather than aesthetic beauty. Space is accordingly defined to take place accidentally as happening and event, not as volume of shape. It's the true way to express spatiality of landscape design. That's an attempt to reject conventional concepts about forms and space, which served as the basis for landscape design, and to search for new things.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.313-322
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• 2006

Among many modelling factors which consist of a screen, a form brings a child's psychological response, according to its being drawn and expressed shape, and would be defined as a visual descriptive method which transmits the relation between the subject and background by a story content and the circumstance and emotion of characters in the story. In this study, to analyze how an expressed form on a screen works to a child visually and psychologically, I, first have examined how differently a child's perception development and its experience to the form is come out by the age of a child, and have found that it influences on a child's originality and creativity development, visual and psychological thinking development, and the stimulation on dream and imagination. And I have examined each characteristic by discriminating the expressive style of the form into a reproductive, a simplified, an exaggerated and a distorted form expression, and by utilizing it as substantiative data through the 1st and 2nd stage, have analyzed responses and preferences according to a style of a child's expression form. In conclusion, I have considered that the analysis result through the substantiative study would be a help not only to the form expression which is based on an illustrator's personality and creativity, and also would be utilized in the effective expression method study and experiment of students who learns the illustration.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.321-330
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• 2011

Images of smoky make up illustrations with different the brightness tones for typical Korean eyes (standard one, small single eyelid and tailed up style) were systematically analyzed using vision-based emotional descriptive language for students majoring makeup and professional group. We identified that various images could be expressed by changing smoky makeup tones on eyes types through analysis of the emotional descriptive language. The smoky make up image recognition of smoky make up illustrations was almost consistent between the students and the professional group, but there was the distinct difference of image perception by two groups for some smoky make up illustrations due to the generation gap as well as their make up expertise and techniques. We suggested the image positioning maps which expressed the emotional reaction felt according to eyes shapes and smoky make up tones. The positioning maps were to provide criteria for various images to be able to express by smoky make up.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.218-228
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate and correlates of weight control behaviors among adolescents in Korea. We analyzed data on 37,472 adolescents aged 12-18 years from the 2011 7th Korea Youth Risk Behavior web-based Survey. The results of this study was as following. First, the prevalence rate of healthy, unhealthy and extreme weight control behaviors was significantly higher in girls than in boys. Second, in both genders, healthy and unhealthy weight control behaviors were more common among obese adolescents than non-obese adolescents. But, use of diet pills were not prescription by doctor was more common in underweight boys and obese girls than others. Third, gender, school, family affluence scale, mother's education level, body shape perception(BSP), weight status predicted prevalence rate of healthy weight control behaviors. Gender, school, region, father's education level, BSP predicted prevalence rate of unhealthy weight control behaviors. Gender, school, BSP, weight status predicted prevalence rate of extreme weight control behaviors. These findings suggest the needs to design appropriate prevention program that can induce healthy weight control behaviors.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.279-293
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of infographic instruction to promote the use of the scientific model in the 'lens' unit of elementary science textbooks. The participants were $6^{th}$ grade students(n=53) of G elementary school in G city, Gyeongsangnam-do. For this study, the lesson plan of the 'lens' unit consisted of three steps as investigation of students' prior concept about the lens, scientific model construction activity, and infographic construction activity. We then analyzed the results of this study from three perspectives: the scientific concept, scientific model, and infographic. Before the lesson, students focused on the external shape and material of the lens in prior concept of it. However, after the scientific model construction activity and infographic construction activity, students' scientific concept about the lens improved in the categories of features of lens, features of glasses, light path, and applications of the lens. In terms of the scientific model, use of type and frequency of scientific model increased more in the infographic construction activity than the scientific construction model activity. Also, in terms of infographic, the two infographic types as function based infographic and connection based infographic used more than non-infographic in the infographic construction activity. Also, the frequency of Gestal theory's visual perception increased more in the infographic construction activity than the scientific model construction activity.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.597-605
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Childhood obesity has increased in recent decades in Korea. This study was designed to examine differences in the eating habits, physical activity (PA), nutrition knowledge, and self-efficacy of children by obesity status. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were 5th-grade children from 70 elementary schools in 17 cities nationwide. Two-stage stratified cluster sampling was employed. Survey questionnaire included items related to general characteristics, eating habits, PA, nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy. Excluding incomplete responses, 3,531 data were analyzed using SPSS. Subjects were categorized into overweight obesity (OW) and normal weight (NW) groups based on body mass index percentiles for age by sex. RESULTS: A total of 21.5% of subjects was overweight or obese. There were significant differences in gender, perceived stress, perception of body shape, body satisfaction, and interest in weight control between the OW and NW groups (P < 0.001). With respect to eating habits, the OW group ate breakfast (P < 0.05) and snacks (P < 0.01) less frequently, ate bigger meals (P < 0.001), and demonstrated less desirable behaviors during meals (P < 0.05 in boys) compared to the NW group. The OW group participated in less PA than the NW group, especially boys. OW boys spent less time walking during weekdays (P < 0.05) or the weekend (P < 0.001), spent more time being sedentary during weekdays or the weekend (P < 0.001), and exercised a fewer number of days (P < 0.01). For girls, the OW group spent more time being sedentary during the weekend (P < 0.01) and exercised a fewer number of days by walking or bicycle riding (P < 0.05) than the NW group. Nutrition knowledge was not significantly different between the OW and NW groups. Self-efficacy (P < 0.01 in boys), especially PA self-efficacy (P < 0.01), was significantly lower in the OW than NW group. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed differences in eating habits, PA, and self-efficacy between OW and NW children. Obesity management programs for children need to focus on increasing self-efficacy, modifying eating habits, and increasing PA.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.46
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• pp.207-231
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• 2017

Printmaking is a field of fine arts and is placed on a vague boundary that is perceived as a commercial product with a popular character due to the speciality of editions. Advances of modern science and technology has developed a new technique of printmaking, and the fusion of printmaking and computer has shown the possibility of reproduction art. Reproduction printmaking has been heavily influenced by photography and extended areas, and the various forms of printing have brought about many changes and attempts by stimulating the possibilities of indirect art at various angles. As the history of printmaking and technology closely relate, the development of computer makes widespread expansion of plural artistry, technological and artistic change. A new conceptual shape can be created on the copied image simply by placing the material of the print on the smoothly flat surface expressed in digital form. The process and the result of such work show the area of unique work which is different from the value of the $\grave{a}$ la carte art or the characteristics of the material given by the print. The deprecated perception of reproducibility evaluated the value of the work in a direct sense of printmaking. It is undeniable that it is devalued by a bundle of works regardless of the value of each edition. However, the physical properties of the prints on the paper are brought up with hand drawings drawn on the canvas by hand. And it becomes an opportunity to show new aspect and change through the process of combining digital print information on paper. The diversity of media is sometimes a controversy of identity between art and technology. In the future, it should be discussed how the limit of the media which can be enjoyed in the field of art can be set as a standard.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.372-383
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• 2006

Among the approaches to image database management, content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is viewed as having the best support for effective searching and browsing of large digital image libraries. Typical CBIR systems allow a user to provide a query image, from which low-level features are extracted and used to find 'similar' images in a database. However, there exists the semantic gap between human visual perception and low-level representations. An effective methodology for overcoming this semantic gap involves relevance feedback to perform feature re-weighting. Current approaches to feature re-weighting require the number of components for a feature representation to be the same for every image in consideration. Following this assumption, they map each component to an axis in the n-dimensional space, which we call the metric space; likewise the feature representation is stored in a fixed-length vector. However, with the emergence of features that do not have a fixed number of components in their representation, existing feature re-weighting approaches are invalidated. In this paper we propose a feature re-weighting technique that supports features regardless of whether or not they can be mapped into a metric space. Our approach analyses the feature distances calculated between the query image and the images in the database. Two-sided confidence intervals are used with the distances to obtain the information for feature re-weighting. There is no restriction on how the distances are calculated for each feature. This provides freedom for how feature representations are structured, i.e. there is no requirement for features to be represented in fixed-length vectors or metric space. Our experimental results show the effectiveness of our approach and in a comparison with other work, we can see how it outperforms previous work.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.379-393
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• 2011

This study compared the college students' dietary behavior for processed foods, who will be the main consumers in the future and looked for the measures to understand and establish the right food labeling system by surveying the level of understanding and utilization of food labeling. The data was analysed by SPSS win 17.0 program, and the results are as follows. For the standard of selecting processed foods, the group with high nutrition knowledge considered the reliability of foods as important and the group with low nutrition knowledge considered the products introduced in TV commercial as important. When purchasing processed foods, the group with high nutrition knowledge considered nutrition, taste, price, appearance(shape), and the consumable period more than the group with low nutrition knowledge. For trans fat, the group with high nutrition knowledge learned more about it than the group with low nutrition knowledge. The ratio of confirming food nutrition label was higher in the group with high nutrition knowledge. Regarding the level of confirming individual food labels, the highest level was for milk and dairy products. And there was significant difference for the processed products of meat, cookies, bread and noodles. It was found that the level of confirmation was higher in the group with high nutrition knowledge. And the most important indication for individual food product was the consumable period. To preserve the purchased foods, the group with high nutrition knowledge preserve the foods in line with the description written on the food cover sheet, and this group used to return or exchange the products when they found them spoiled or purchased by mistake. The group with high nutrition knowledge knew more about the nutrition indication than the group with low nutrition knowledge. The necessity of nutrition indication for processed foods and the need of education and PR(Public Relation) were acknowledged higher in the group with high nutrition knowledge. For the effect of nutrition indication, it showed that the group with high nutrition knowledge thought it would improve the quality and the group with low nutrition knowledge thought it would be helpful when comparing the product with others. The group with high nutrition knowledge showed higher understanding level about nutrition indication than the group with low nutrition knowledge.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.533-545
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• 2014

Farmers' perception on actual raising conditions and breeding improvement for Hanwoo were surveyed and analyzed in order to utilize such data as basic resources for further development of courses of Hanwoo improvement and instructions on raising techniques. The survey was held based on Hanwoo farmers in Gyeongbuk region and the results for the analysis were as follow. Candidate cattle for breeding was selected in consideration of 'appearance, body shape, and pedigree-registration' (39.0%) and 'artificial insemination' (38.6%) was the most frequently used breeding method for the breeding cattle. 'Body length' was revealed to be the most considered factor while purchasing fattening calves and the castration for the fattening calves were mostly performed when '6~7 months after the birth'. The farmers also responded that they 'try to comply with over 80% of items specified in program for production of high quality beef' in order to produce high quality beef. However, the farmers believed that '12 months after the birth' was the most economic market month. Although the results differed by each items surveyed, majority of those results showed statistically significant differences with significance level of 0.05 upon the surveyees' general characteristics and demographic factors including level of education, age, occupation, and family man power. Most surveyees responded 'around 30% of shipping heads' (22.1%) for the prevalence of beef graded better than 1++ grade when shipping, however, no significant differences in between general characteristics of surveyees were observed.