• 한국농공학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2000

Dynamic loading of structures often causes excursions of stresses will into the inelastic range and the influence of geometry changes on the response is also significant in may cases. In general , the shell structures designed according to quasi-Static analysis may collapse under condition of dynamic loading. Therefore, for a more realistic prediction on the lad carrying capacity of these shell. both material and geometric nonlinear effects should be considered. In this study , the material nonlinearity effect on the dynamic response is formulated by the elasto-viscoplastic model highly corresponding to the real behavior of the material. Also, the geometrically nonlinear behavior is taken into account using a Total Lagrangian formulation. the reinforcing bars are modeled by the equivalent steel layer at the location of reinforcements, and Von Mises yield criteria is adopted for the steel layer behavior. Also, Drucker-Prager yield criteria is applied for the behavior of concrete. the shape imperfection of dome is assumed as 'dimple type' which can be expressed Wd1=Wd0(1-(r-a)m)n while the shape imperfection of wall is assumed as sinusoidal curve which is Wwi =Wwo sin(n $\pi$y/l). In numerical test, three cases of shape imperfection of 0.0 -5.0cm(opposite direction to loading ; inner shape imperfection)and 5cm (direction to loading : outward shape imperfection) and thickness of steel layer determined by steel ratio of 0,3, and 5% were analyzed. The effect of shape imperfection and steel ratio and behavior characteristics of perfect shape shell and imperfect shape shell are identified through analysis of above mentioned numerical test. Dynamic behaviors of dome and wall according toe combination of shape imperfection and steel ratio are also discussed in this paper.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2000

철근콘크리트 냉각탑은 대형의 구조물로서 건설과정중의 오류와 콘크리트의 장기 거동에 의하여 기하학적 형상이 설계에서 목적하는 형상에서 벗어난 형상불완전을 가질 수 있다. 형상불완전의 구조거동에의 영향은 완전쉘에 나타나는 응력 이외에 추가적인 응력의 발생을 들 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 몬테카를로 방법을 사용하여 냉각탑 쉘의 형상불완전에 의한 확률론적 거동에 대하여 고찰하였다. 냉각탑에 형상불완전을 유발하는 기하인수로는 냉각탑의 반지름과 쉘의 두께를 택하였다. 이들 기하인수는 기존에 사용되던 모델인 축대칭 모델과 볼록형상의 모델과는 달리 특정 통계특성치를 가지는 추계장으로 가정하였다. 해석 결과는 냉각탑의 반지름에 나타나는 불확실성은 쉘의 두께에서의 불확실성보다 구조거동의 반응변화도에 매우 큰 영향을 미친다는 사실을 보여주었다. 기하학적 인수의 불확실성에 더하여 재료탄성계수의 공간적 불확실성에 의한 구조 반응변화도를 고찰하여 비교하였다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2021

This paper conducted a comparative analysis of the shear buckling characteristics of trapezoidal and sinusoidal corrugated steel plates considering of their initial imperfection. Initial imperfection refers to the state where the shape of the corrugated plate is initially not perfect. As such, an initially imperfect shape was assumed using the eigen buckling mode. To calculate the buckling stress of corrugated steel plates, the linear buckling analysis used a boundary condition which was applied to the plate buckling analysis. For the comparison of trapezoidal and sinusoidal corrugation, the shape parameters were assumed using the case where the length and slope of each corrugation were the same, and the initial imperfection was considered to be from 0.1% to 5% based on the length of the steel plate. Here, for the buckling analysis, ANSYS, a commercial FEA program, was used. From the results of buckling analysis, the effect of overall initial imperfection showed that the larger the initial imperfection, the lower the buckling stress. However, in the very thin model, interaction or local buckling was dominant in the perfect shape, and in this case, the buckling stress did not decrease. Besides, the sinusoidal model showed higher buckling stress than the trapezoidal one, and the two corrugation shapes decreased in a similar way.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1993년도 가을 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.68-73
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• 1993

The geometrical initial imperfection is generally described that a dome digeresses from ideal shape. In actual domes the mode and amplitude for initial imperfection appear variously and affect buckling-strength sensitively. This study investigates the buckling characteristics of single-layer latticed domes with triangular network subjected to initial imperfection. Additionally, this study is to get the data that are to formulate the general equation taking initial imperfection into consideration.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1996년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.19-26
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• 1996

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate a more accurate behavior analysis of tapered column with initial imperfection. The nonlinear differential equations governing the deflected shapes of the tapered column with initial imperfection are derived by large deflection theory and solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta method and Regula-Falsi method. Three kinds of cross-sectional shape with simply supported end constraint are considered in numerical examples. The load versus displacement curves including the left and right end rotations are presented in figures. The effect of cross-sectional shapes on deflected shape is analyzed, and the deflected shapes of column for several initial imperfections are shown in figure.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.407-415
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• 1999

쉘형 구조물의 불안정 현상은 크게 뜀좌굴과 분기좌굴로 분류할 수 있다. 이들은 구조물의 형상특성, 특히 형상 초기불완전에 대해 매우 민감하게 반응한다. 본 연구에서는, 형상 초기불완전을 가진 쉘형 구조물의 불안정 거동을 파악하기 위해 양단이 힌지로 고정된 얕은 정현형 아치의 평형경로를 조사한다. 비선형 방정식을 얻기 위해 Galerkin법을 이용하였으며, 증분형 방정식으로의 변환은 섭동법을 이용하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2019

Creating different cutout shapes in order to make doors and windows, reduce the structural weight or implement various mechanisms increases the likelihood of buckling in thin-walled structures. In this study, the effect of cutout shape and geometric imperfection (GI) is simultaneously investigated on the critical buckling load and knock-down factor (KDF) of composite cylindrical shells. The GI is modeled using single perturbation load approach (SPLA). First, in order to assess the finite element model, the critical buckling load of a composite shell without cutout obtained by SPLA is compared with the experimental results available in the literature. Then, the effect of different shapes of cutout such as circular, elliptic and square, and perturbation load imperfection (PLI) is investigated on the buckling behavior of cylindrical shells. Results show that the critical buckling load of a shell without cutout decreases by increasing the PLI, whereas increasing the PLI does not have a great impact on the critical buckling load in the presence of cutout imperfection. Increasing the cutout area reduces the effect of the PLI, which results in an increase in the KDF.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.483-492
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• 2019

In the current study, the influence of the initial lateral (sweep) shape and the cross-sectional twist imperfection on the lateral torsional buckling (LTB) response of doubly-symmetric steel I-beams was investigated. The material imperfection (residual stress) was not considered. For this objective, standard European IPN 300 beam with different unbraced span was numerically analyzed for three imperfection cases: (i) no sweep and no twist (perfect); (ii) three different shapes of global sweep (half-sine, full-sine and full-parabola between the end supports); and (iii) the combination of three different sweeps with initial sinusoidal twist along the beam. The first comparison was done between the results of numerical analyses (FEM) and both a theoretical solution and the code lateral torsional buckling formulations (EC3 and AISC-LRFD). These results with no imperfection effects were then separately compared with three different shapes of global sweep and the presence of initial twist in these sweep shapes. Besides, the effects of the shapes of initial global sweep and the inclusion of sinusoidal twist on the critical buckling load of the beams were investigated to unveil which parameter was considerably effective on LTB response. The most compatible outcomes for the perfect beams was obtained from the AISC-LRFD formulation; however, the EC-3 formulation estimated the $P_{cr}$ load conservatively. The high difference from the EC-3 formulation was predicted to directly originate from the initial imperfection reduction factor and high safety factor in its formulation. Due to no consideration of geometric imperfection in the AISC-LFRD code solution and the theoretical formulation, the need to develop a practical imperfection reduction factor for AISC-LRFD and theoretical formulation was underlined. Initial imperfections were obtained to be more influential on the buckling load, as the unbraced length of a beam approached to the elastic limit unbraced length ($L_r$). Mode-compatible initial imperfection shapes should be taken into account in the design and analysis stages of the I-beam to properly estimate the geometric imperfection influence on the $P_{cr}$ load. Sweep and sweep-twist imperfections led to 10% and 15% decrease in the $P_{cr}$ load, respectively, thus; well-estimated sweep and twist imperfections should considered in the LTB of doubly-symmetric steel I-beams.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.139-143
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• 2001

Ring-stiffened cylinders are widely used as the pressure hull of submarines and underwater vehicles. For large ring-stiffened cylinders cylindrical shells are fbricated by cold rolling of flat plates and then welding of curved shells. After forming cylinders ring-stiffeners are welded on th the cylinders. Due to these cold roiling and welding initial shape imperfections and residual stresses exists in fabricated ring-stiffened cylinders. It is well known that the initial shape and material imperfections affect the ultimate strength of ring-stiffened cylinders significantly. In this paper previous researches on the effects of initial shape imperfections and residual stresses are briefly reviewed Recently a numerical analysis computer program was developed to predict the ultimate strength of ring-stiffened cylinders subjected to hydrostatic pressure, which is based on the Dynamic Relaxation technique. This program was employed to numerically investigate those effects. The numerical predictions were substantiated with relevant experimental results.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.587-597
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• 2001

연속체 쉘을 이산화한 구조시스템은 돔형 구조물을 만들기 위해 많이 이용되고 있으며, 이러한 구조물은 하중레벨이 어느 임계값에 도달하면 구조물의 형상에 따라 뜀좌굴(snap-through) 또는 분기좌굴(bifurcation)에 의한 불안정 현상이 일어난다. 케이블 돔의 구조거동 특성은 초기장력 및 외력에 다라 비선형성이 강하게 나타나며 또한 초기조건에 매우 민감하게 반응한다. 본 연구에서는 케이블 돔의 불안정 문제를 파악하기 위해 Geiger 모델을 대상으로 하여 초기 장력도입에 의한 형상결정 문제를 다루고 이를 이용하여 완전형상 및 초기형상 불완전을 도입하여 외력에 의한 불안전성현상을 규명한다.