• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.68-77
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the relevance and different factors having an impact on sexual assertiveness and sex stereotypes for the attitude among nursing students toward homosexuality. A survey was conducted on 253 nursing students in D city using a self-report questionnaire. The data was collected from April 11 to April 20, 2019 and it was then analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlations and multiple regression using SPSS 22.0. The average of sexual assertiveness in the nursing students was $4.44{\pm}0.37$, and the average of sex stereotypes was $2.08{\pm}0.58$, and the average of attitude toward homosexuality was $2.75{\pm}0.37$. The attitude toward homosexuality according to the general characteristics differed among religions (F=13.32, p<.000), religious life (F=20.43, p<.000) and method of parenting (F=2.74, p<.044). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between sexual assertiveness and the attitude toward homosexuality (r=-0.13, p=.034). Also, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between sex stereotypes and the attitude toward homosexuality (r=0.24, p<.000). Religion, religious life and sex stereotypes were the influential factors. Models that included the variables explained 23.1% of the variance for the attitude toward homosexuality. Thus, it is necessary to create an interventional strategy related to nursing student' attitude towards homosexuality so as to develop a practical educational program for promoting healthy gender identity.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.15-30
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• 2008

According to the research taken by the National Statistical Office, the fertility rate of a Korean fertile female is 1.17. This figure is the lowest in the world, and the reduction in the fertility rate over the last 30 years was the biggest in the world. It can be seen as a warning alarm about the effects of a low birth rate and a silver society. Assuming that there are several factors involved in this phenomenon, this study inquired into the attitude towards children, attitude towards nourishing children, attitude towards sex roles and the harmony between the jobs and families of married females, and examined the factors that influence the willingness to give birth. Final 581 copies of the survey questionnaire were used for analysis and the collected data were analysed by SPSS, Pearson's correlation analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Three main conclusions were reached: Firstly, the value variables, such as sex-role attitudes and the preference for work or home, affect the willingness to give birth. Therefore, it can be said that one's values have a significant effect on these variables and the willingness to give birth. Secondly, both working morns and housewives have a strong tendency to give a birth if they are supported on child rearing. Finally, the employment of the married women itself can be a variable that can affect childbirth. In other words, the working hours affect employed married women so as sex-role attitudes, the preference between work and home, ideal number of children, and the income to housewives. Also, even in whole married women, the employment itself can be a major factor of the willingness to have a baby. Therefore, unemployed married women have more of a tendency to have children than employed married women.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.119-134
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• 2003

Recently 'lookism' is prevalent in Korean society. Lookism is a thought that one of causes of unequality of the mankinds is the appearance. The appearance is not only endowed but is made by efforts. Korean market related beauty including cosmetics occupied over $15billion. The purpose of this study is to find the determinants of the appearance management behaviors. Considering social characteristics of Korea and previous literatures, Collectivism, body image were chosen as an explaining variables. And self-esteem, attitudes toward sex roles and the shopping orientation and some demographic variables were selected. For the data analysis, 514 questionnaire for male and female in Daegu were collected. The determinants of appearance management behaviors were perceived level of living, concerns toward thinness, shopping orientation, appearance evaluation, female, family oriented thinking, belief in appearance power, attitude toward sex roles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.99-109
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of appearance management behavior and body exposure attitude according to sex role identity. The method of this study was a survey research method by questionnaire. The subjects were 632 college students (male: 302, female: 330) living in Seoul area. The data were analyzed by SPSS program. Analysis methods used were frequency, factor analysis, Cronbach's $\alpha$-reliability coefficient, one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. The subjects were divided into 4 types of sex role identity: androgynous, masculine, feminine, and undifferentiated type. The female androgynous group had skin care the most, while the male androgynous type had clothing management and weight control the most among the 4 types. Both male and female androgynous groups had hairstyle care the most. Both the male and female masculine groups wore chest exposing clothes the most, while the female masculine type wore shoulder exposing and leg exposing clothes the most. The female androgynous group showed the highest appearance management expenses.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.265-281
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• 2004

This study aims at studying dual-earner couple's household work time and life satisfaction in modern times. To reach this goal, dual-earner couple's variable of society and population, income for working hours, attitude of sex's role and working hours time were classified as individual variable of study model. In the end of 2000, positive analysis was completed through dual-earner couples' frequencies, percentage, means, paired-samples T Test, one-way ANOVA, duncan test, multiple regression and path analysis to 112 Korean couples in 'Research material for comparative analysis of family's time use in Korea and in the United States' performed by Lee, Ki-young, along with 3 person in the end of 2000. The time of household work performance at home at this stage is about 30 hours. 90% of 30 hours was given by housewife who was working for another job. In the aspect of dual-earner couple's life satisfaction, the life satisfaction is a little over the level of average. In variables couple's life satisfaction, wife's life satisfaction was additionally influenced by variable of wife's profession, age difference of couple, wife's household work time husband's household work time and wife's sex-role attitudes in oder. Husband's life satisfaction was perfectly influenced by his level of education, his household work time and wife's sex-role attitudes.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.29-56
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is first, to explore the level of codependency among social work related professionals since codependency of professionals in the field has not been explored much in Korea. Second purpose is to examine whether codependency affects the level of burnout. Last purpose is to examine moderating effects of the Sex-role attitude on the relationship between codependency and burnout. Data were collected from the 11th of December in 2014 until the 28th of February in the following year. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to care professionals practicing in social work institutions in Daejeon City and Choongcheong province, via email and mail. In addition, surveys were administered at several continuing education training venues. Instruments used for this study include CODAT(Codependency Assessment Tool) developed by Hughes-Hammer and colleagues in 1998, MBI(Maslach Burnout Inventory) developed by Maslach and Jackson in 1981, and SRA(Sex Role Attitude) developed by Osmond and Maryin in 1975. In total, 368 surveys were used for final analysis. The results include that gender did not have statistically significant relationship with the overall codependency, however, male showed statistically higher score than female in one of subscales of codependency called hiding oneself. Workers in the residential settings showed higher level of codependency than those in non-residential settings, especially in the subscale of Other focus or Self-neglect. Codependency showed a strong relationship with Burnout. Among the five-factor structure of the CODAT, Medical problem, Low Self-worth and Family of Origin showed strong relationship with the Burnout score. And the moderating effects of Sex-role Attitude showed a statistically significant relationship between codependency and burnout. Conservative sex-role attitude amplified the level of burnout on the relationship between codependency and burnout. Based on the result, educational and policy implications were made in order to prevent burnout among social work related professionals.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.15-30
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• 1997

The purposes of this article were three folds; to find general trends of the conception of love, sexual attitudes and mate conditions of unmarried men and women, to investigate relationships among them and to analyze the effect of significant variables influencing mate conditions. The samples were the 164 unmarried men and 235 unmarried women living in Kwang-ju. Major findings were as follows; 1) Unmarried men revealed higher concern in commitment of love and they were more liberal in sexual attitudes than women. Women desired higher level of mate conditions than men compared with themselves. 2) Women's conception of love was more related to their sexual attitudes and homogeneous mate conditions than men. Men's sexual attitudes were related to their homogeneous mate conditions, while those of women were related to interactional mate conditions. 3) Men's external mate conditions were affected by job, and internal mate conditions were affected by passion of love and sex role attitude. Men's homogeneous mate conditions were affected by attitude of premarital sexual experience, intimacy of love and conception of sexuality, and those of women's were affected by passion of love and age. Men's interactional mate conditions were affected by sex role attitude, job and education. Therefore unmarried men and women's conception of love and sexual attitudes were associated with homogeneous and interactional mate conditions.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.45-60
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• 1989

The present study analyzed data from 417 grandchildren in the fifth grade of the elementary school with regard to patterns of contact and the content and the level of grandmothers role performance. Major findings were as follows; 1) The most frequent of association occuring between grandmothers and grandchildren was telephoning, next visiting and writing. The mothers, attitude and geographical proximity were consistently related to the level of the contact between grandmothers and grandchildren. 2) The family type, the attitude of the mothers and the health condition of grandmothers were related to the level of the grandmothers role performance. The role of the grandmothers consists with six dimensions of discipliner, surrogate parenting, interference, historical and sex role adviser, confidant and material provider.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.98-106
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the relationship between college students' acceptance of the rape myth and variables in gender-role attitude, which have been known to forecast the acceptance of the rape myth. Method: This study was a survey research. Data were collected from May 1, 2006 to February 31, 2007 with 240 undergraduate students. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and regression analysis with SPSSWIN 12.0 program were used for data analysis. Results: Men were more acceptable to the rape myth than women. Men were very likely to see the occurrence of rape incidents as the rapist being provoked by women, and this attitude made them misunderstand and perceive women as responsible for the occurrence of the incident. Women on the other deny their idea. As a result of analyzing the difference between males and females in attitudes related to gender-role, male students were shown to have a much more traditional and patriarchal attitude than female students. Conclusion: It was found that a hostile attitude toward women and the justification of violence to others act as the main factors in forecasting the acceptance of the rape myth.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the role of weight control in the formation of underlying pathology in eating disorder or eating related problems. The subjects were 304 college athletes(Male : 187. Female: 121) and they were divided into two groups according to need for weight control(Weght control group: 110, Weght non control group: 194). The authors used self report questionnaire which was composed of epidemiologic data, food habit scale, eating attitude test, scale for locus of control for weight, scale for food preference and eating behavior. And we also used Eysenck Personality Questionnaire of Korean standardized edition for assessment of personality characteristics, Beck depression inventory, and the scale of hypochondriasis. The results were as follows: 1) Body mass index and the amount of cigarrette smoking and alcohol drinking showed significant differences by sex but not by need for weight control. 2) Eating habit of female athletes was the worst in all athletes. The score of eating attitude test of female athletes was higher than that of male athletes but there was no significant difference by need for weight control. Food preference and eating related behavior was also different by sex. 3) There were no significant differences in all subscales of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Beck depression inventory, and the scale of hypochondriasis between two groups which were divided by need for weight control. Neuroticism score was higher in female atheletes and psychoticism score was the highest in weight control male atheletes. 4) There was no significant difference in number of population with abnormal EAT score(to-tal score$\geq$26) between two groups which were divided by need for weight control. 5) The score of eating attitude test had positive correlation with the score of psychoticism and the tendency of depression in weight control male athletes but not in non-weight control male athletes. In non-weight control male athletes, the score of eating attitude test had positive correlation with the score of lie scale. so its correlation is different from those of weight control male athletes. But in female athletes, the score of eating attitude test had significant positive correlation with the score of psychoticism in both groups. In conclusion, these results suggest that the differences of eating traits in athletes are depend upon the sex difference, not upon the need for weight control. and that the role of weight control in eating disorder or abnormal eating attitude differs according to sex.