• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2002

This is a study of care-oriented morality and justice-oriented morality among middle-aged adults. Thirty seven males and forty six females between the ages of 45 and 59 years old participated in this study Care-oriented morality was measured by the Ethic of Care Interview(ECI) while the justice-oriented morality was assessed using the Korean Defining Issues Test(DIT). Sex role identification was interpreted by using the Korean Sex Role Inventory(KSRI). In terms of care-oriented morality, the majority of the subjects were at level 2. The P(%) score of justice-oriented morality was found to be a little low. We found a significant difference between genders in terms of care-oriented morality, with females exhibiting a higher care-oriented morality. However, there was no significant difference in sex role identity types in terms of care-oriented morality. Nor did we find a significant interaction effect between gender and sex role identity. There was no gender difference in justice-oriented morality, but there was a significant difference among sex role identity types. Masculine males Possess the highest justice-oriented morality. A significant interaction effect was found to exist between sex role identity and gender.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.468-478
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship among sexual contact, sex role identification, and self esteem in Korean girls' high school students. Methods: The data were collected from 522 girls, who were stratified samples from a target population of 63,375 11th grade students from 200 regular high schools and 70 vocational high schools in Seoul, Korea from June 22 to July 18, 2002. Data were processed with the SAS program. Results: It was found that 42.51% of girls haven't experienced any sexual contact at all. The highest frequency in the final level of sexual contact was 'kiss', which was 22.03%. The 'androgyny' type among sex role identities of girls was most common, 32.57%, being followed by the 'undifferentiated' type 31.61%, the 'masculinity' type 18.97%, and the 'femininity' type 16.86, in that order. The sexual contacts such as 'holding hands', 'arms around', 'embracing', and 'kiss' were significantly different depending on sex role identity types. The score for self-esteem was significantly different depending on sex role identity types. The score for self- esteem was not significantly different depending on the final level of sexual contact. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, sex education programs should be developed in order to delay the sexual contacts of girls.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.177-188
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• 1993

닭에서 적절한 성감별 방법을 개발하고 닭의 성분화 기작의 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 배아의 섬유아세포의 염색체를 분석하고, W 염색체 특이적인 반복염기서열과 50∼60％의 유사성을 보이는 random primer로 PCR 증폭을 실시하여 성을 판별하는 방법이 이용되었으며, 닭에서 성분화에 관련된 유전자를 분리하기 위해 W 염색체 특이적인 반복염기서열을 클로닝하였고, PCR을 이용하여 ZFY와 SRY 염기서열을 증폭하였다. 닭의 배아섬유세포의 염색체 분석 결과 Z 염색체와 W 염색체를 구분함으로써 배아의 성을 직접적으로 판별하는 것이 가능하였으며 , 암닭의 DNA를 Xho Ⅰ와 Eco RI로 절단하여 생성되는 band를 이용하여 성을 판별하는 것이 가능하였다. Xho Ⅰ와 Eco RI family를 클로닝하고, colony hybridization을 통해 Xho Ⅰ과 염기서열이 유사한 80∼100개의 clone을 동정하여, 이들 두 그룹간 DNA homology는 매우 유사하였다. 150개의 random primer 중 W 염색체 특이적인 반복 염기서열과 유사성을 보이는 primer 7개를 screening하였으며, 이 중 3개의 primer는 닭에서 자성과 웅성간의 차이를 나타내었다. 닭에서 성분화에 관련된 유전자를 동정하기 위하여 포유류의 ZFY와 SRY유전자의 PCR증폭을 실시하였다. ZFY를 증폭한 결과, 자성과 웅성간의 차이를 발견할 수 없었으며, 이는 닭에서 ZFY는 상염색체 또는 Z 염색체에 존재함을 시사한다. SRY의 증폭에서는 성간의 차이가 확인되었으나, 이 유전자가 Z 염색체에 존재하는지 W 염색체에 존재하는지 혹은 상염색체 존재하는지 여부는 연구가 필요하리라 사료된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.1409-1412
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• 2014

Sex hormones are important metabolites in vertebrates' development and reproduction. For rapid screening sex hormones, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the promising analytical platforms, but MALDI MS faces many challenges in detecting steroids such as low ionization efficiency and matrix background interference. One potential strategy to overcome matrix interference in the low m/z region is using a cyclodextrin (CD)-supported matrix for steroid analysis since CD-supported matrixes are known to effectively suppress matrix-related ion signals. In this study, we aimed to find the optimal CD-supported matrix for the analysis of the nonderivatized sex steroids. Our results showed that the ${\alpha}CD$-supported 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) matrix efficiently ionized all three major classes of sex hormones, estrogens, androgens, and progestagens, with low or no matrix background and also with high sensitivity. In addition, the ${\alpha}CD$-supported DHB matrix mainly generated molecular ions or protonated ions of sex hormones, and this enabled us to obtain information-rich tandem mass spectra which potentially lead to unambiguous identification of steroid species from complex metabolite mixtures.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2019

This study was conducted to analyze the specific genes associated with sex-determination in Korean native cow. The highly organized spermatogenesis requires accurate spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression, which is governed by transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic processes. Recently, farmers have been interested in determining the sexual identity of the calves in their farm. We analyzed the sperm of Korean native and Holstein cows, which were supplied from Hanwoo Improvement Center. We evaluated sperm motility and expression of sperm-specific genes after treating semen with both male- and female reagents. Sperm motility in Korean native cows decreased by approximately 10% in the first 30 minutes after treatment with sex-determination reagent. However, sperm motility of Holstein cows decreased to 60-70% after 15 minutes and to 20-30% after 30 minutes. We selected six specific genes expressing in the spermatozoa to analysis the gene expression level. The Real-time PCR results suggest that the selected genes (Gimap4, Tmeff1, Rac2, Abi2, Rac1, and Clu) were highly expressed in the group treated with the male reagent compared to the group treated the female reagent and to the untreated-group (control). In the present study, we suggest that the selected genes play a pivotal role in sex-determination.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.676-690
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the symbolic meaning in body image and fashion style portrayed in Korea and American movies in aspects of sex, race, nature, and technology. The researcher analyzed movies in Korea and USA, and the results were as follows. In aspects of sex, movies portrayed new masculinity and femininity escaped from previous gender stereotypes, and the clothing styles characterized sex identity and sex roles. In aspects of race, more various races appeared in America movies than Korea＇s, and the appearance and stereotypes related with race were blurred by the globalization and the change of film market environments. In aspects of nature, Korea movie portrayed the human being as lyrical appearance in nature, and America movie expressed the human as a strong men conquering the nature in adventure movie or super human image combined with nature thing which endowed nature＇s superior characteristics to human body in fantasy and science fiction movies. In aspects of technology, the human bodies were described as cyborg, alien, or super human, which symbolized the do-identification in digital world, de-boundarization between human and machines, and the human＇s uncertainty.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2007

본 연구는 포유류의 Y-염색체상에 존재하는 SRY 및 ZFY의 웅성 특이적 성 결정 유전자를 이용하는 PCR 기법으로 쇠고기 성판별 기술을 개발하고자 수행하였다. 성 결정 유전자 영역의 특정 염기서열을 포함하는 primer를 각각 설계 합성하고 이들 primer를 이용하여 PCR증폭을 실시한 다음, 각각의 증폭산물을 1.5% agarose gel에 전기영동하여 웅성 특이적 DNA band의 증폭여부를 확인하였다. SRY 유전자에서 웅성개체 쇠고기는 1,348 bp 크기의 단편을 가진 DNA band가 검출되었으나, 자성개체의 경우 DNA band가 전혀 검출되지 않은 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한, ZFY 유전자에서 웅성개체의 쇠고기는 979 bp 크기의 단편을 가진 DNA band가 모두 검출되었으나, 자성개체의 쇠고기에서는 역시 DNA band가 전혀 검출되지 않았다. 즉, SRY 및 ZFY 유전자는 모두 숫소에서 유래한 쇠고기에서 웅성 특이적인 DNA band가 정확히 검출된 반면 암소에서 유래한 쇠고기에서는 웅성 특이적 DNA band가 전혀 검출되지 않았다. 또한 쇠고기 성 감별법을 도축 후 가공 유통판매단계에 실제 활용 가능성을 검증하고자 시중에 유통되고 있는 등심 및 갈비 포장육 350시료를 무작위 추출하여 성 판별을 실시한 결과 숫소가 252시료(72%) 그리고 암소가 98두(28%)로 조사되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 SRY 또는 ZFY의 웅성 특이적 성 결정 유전자를 이용하는 쇠고기 성 감별기술은 생산단계는 물론 도축 후 가공 유통 판매되고 있는 모든 쇠고기의 암수 성감별을 위한 유용한 DNA 표지인자로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2010

Decamer RAPD primers were tested on dioeceious and hermaphrodite plants of Commiphora wightii to identify sex-specific molecular markers. Sixty different random decamer primers were screened out of which only three primers were found to be associated with sex expression. A ~1,280-bp fragment from the primer OPN06 was found to be present in all the female individuals. Another primer OPN 16 produced a unique ~400-bp amplification product in only hermaphrodite individuals. The third marker, OPA20 amplified a ~1,140-bp fragment from female and hermaphrodite DNAs, but failed to do so from the male plant DNAs.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2021

Purpose: Sex determination can be done by morphological analysis of different parts of the body. The mastoid region, with its anatomical location at the skull base, is ideal for sex identification. Statistical shape analysis provides a simultaneous comparison of geometric information on different shapes in terms of size and shape features. This study aimed to investigate the geometric morphometry of the inter-mastoid triangle as a tool for sex determination in the Iranian population. Materials and Methods: The coordinates of 5 landmarks on the mastoid process on the 80 cone-beam computed tomographic images(from individuals aged 17-70 years, 52.5% female) were registered and digitalized. The Cartesian x-y coordinates were acquired for all landmarks, and the shape information was extracted from the principal component scores of generalized Procrustes fit. The t-test was used to compare centroid size. Cross-validated discriminant analysis was used for sex determination. The significance level for all tests was set at 0.05. Results: There was a significant difference in the mastoid size and shape between males and females(P<0.05). The first 2 components of the Procrustes shape coordinates explained 91.3% of the shape variation between the sexes. The accuracy of the discriminant model for sex determination was 88.8%. Conclusion: The application of morphometric geometric techniques will significantly impact forensic studies by providing a comprehensive analysis of differences in biological forms. The results demonstrated that statistical shape analysis can be used as a powerful tool for sex determination based on a morphometric analysis of the inter-mastoid triangle.

• 한국응용곤충학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용곤충학회 2000년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.19-19
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• 2000