• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.187-224
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• 1999

Background: In recent years, pediatric chronic sinusitis patients who don't respond with antibiotics are increasing, but there are a few reports on the herbal medicine therapy treating pediatric chronic sinusitis, so this report was studied. Objective: To demonstrate the effect of herbal medicine therapy in the chronic sinusitis before and after treatment using computed tomograpy (CT) and plain radiograpy. Materials and methods: Ninty patients (45 mail and 45 femail) treated in our hospital between February 1998 and August 1999 were studied. Ages ranged from 3 to 13 years (mean age :6.5 years). Sixty two patients had a underlyiing family history (allergy or sinusitis of parents or brothers), In the past history, 68 patients had asthma, allergy of milk, atopic dermatitis, bronchiollitis and irritable bowel syndrom. Illness period was from 10 days to 96 months (mean period:12.4 month). Duration of treatment were from 25 days to 200days (mean:96 days). To ascertain the efficacy of treatment, CT in the 42 and plain radiopgrapy in the 48 patients were checked out. In the CT, three images were obtained 2cm interval on the coronal and axial plan. CT findings of the chronic sinusitis were analyzed for mucoperiostal thickening before and after treatment using 4 grades;(normal, mild, moderate, severe). Normal was defined as below 3mm thickening of mucoperiosteum; mild was 3-5mm thickening; moderate was 5mm-1cm thickening; severe was above 1cm thickening. Plain radiograpy using Water's view provided maxillary sinus, anterior ethmoid sinus, frontal sinus. Normal was defined as simillar to density between sinus and oronasal cavity; mild was defined as generally increased density with no significant mucoperiosteal thickning; moderate was partial mucosal thickening without bony hypertropy; severe was total haziness with mucoperiosteal thickening. Gamihyunggyeyungyo-tang was administered mainly. Gamigwaghyangjeungki-san, Gamizwakwi-eum and Gamihyangso-san were administered for through oral route additional symptoms Results: Of the 90 patients, 84 patients showed complete recovery (93%), 4 patients showed no significant interval change(4%) and 2 patients were aggrevated (2%). Sixty patients were severe(67%) and 26 patients were moderate (29%), 4 patients were mild(4%) The duration of treatment was varied with patient conditions (91 days in average); severe were 101.7 days, moderate were 70 days and mild were 63 days. Fifty three patients with maxillary and ethmoid sinusitis were 114 days, 35 patients with maxillary sinusitis only were 71.5 days. Fifty eight patients with both maxillary sinusitis were 94.6 days, 26 patients with either maxillary sinusitis were 65 days. The symtoms of chronic sinusitis were nasal obstruction(75%), cough(69%), purulunt or mucosal discharge(62%), lymphoid follicle(54%), postnasal dripping(49%), headache(23%) and nose bleeding(22%). Conclusion: We know that herbal medicine therapy is the effective treatment of pediatric chronic sinusitis using plain radiograpy and CT. The duration of treatment may be significant assosiation with the location and degree of chronic sinusitis.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2023

목적: 리노바이러스의 감염은 하기도 감염을 일으키기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 리노바이러스에 의한 중증 하기도 감염을 보이는 소아환자의 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2016년부터 2020년까지 삼성서울병원 소아청소년과에 리노바이러스 하기도감염으로 입원한 환자의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 입원 시 연령이 생후90일 이상, 5세 미만인 소아 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 다른 호흡기 병원체와의 동시 감염이 확인된 환자는 제외하였다. 리노바이러스에 의한 중증 하기도감염은 고유량 산소요법 치료가 필요한 경우, 기계 호흡이 필요한 경우 또는 중환자실 입원하는 경우로 정의하였다. 결과: 해당 기간 동안 총 115건의 리노바이러스 하기도 감염 입원이 확인되었다. 연령 중앙값은 17개월 (범위, 3-56개월) 이었으며, 입원 일수 중앙값은 4일 (범위, 2-31일) 이었다. 115 건 중 18건의 입원 (15.7%)은 중증 리노바이러스 하기도 감염 그룹으로 분류되었다. 중증 경과 그룹 환자의 연령 중앙값은 그렇지 않은 그룹에 비해 연령 중앙값이 낮았다 (9.5 개월 vs. 19.0 개월, P=0.001). 18명의 중증 리노바이러스 하기도 감염 그룹 환자 중 11명 (61.1%)는 기저질환을 가지고 있었으며, 만성 폐질환이 가장 많은 비율을 차지하였다 (63.6%). 여섯 명의 환자는 (33.3%) 기계 호흡을 필요로 하였다. 일곱 명의 기저질환이 없는 환자도 중증 리노바이러스 하기도 감염 그룹에 포함되어 있었다. 이들 일곱 명의 환자 중 네 명은 추후에 천식으로 진단되었다. 115건의 입원을 기저질환이 없는 환자군 (n=60)과 기저질환이 있는 환자군 (n=55)으로 나누어 분석하였을 때, 리노바이러스에 의한 중증 하기도 감염을 보이는 비율은 각각 11.7% 와 20.0% 였다 (P=0.219). 결론: 리노바이러스 감염은 중증 하기도감염의 원인이 될 수 있으며, 기저질환자 뿐 아니라 건강한 소아에서도 중증 하기도감염을 일으킬 수 있다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.238-242
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• 2001

저자들은 우유 단백질에 대한 FPIES의 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2013

Atopic dermatitis is a recurrent or chronic eczematous skin disease with severe pruritus and has annually increased in Korea. In this study, we investigated whether Duchesnea chrysantha (Dc) extracts have an anti-inflammatory effect in human monocytic THP-1 cells and human eosinophilic EoL-1 cells. The dried and powdered whole plants of Dc were extracted with 80% EtOH (Dc-1). The residue was diluted with water, and then successively partitioned with n-hexane, EtOAc, and BuOH to produce the n-hexane (Dc-2), EtOAc (Dc-3), BuOH (Dc-4), and the water-soluble fractions (Dc-5), respectively. The mite extract and LPS increased the production of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 in THP-1 cells and the increase was strongly suppressed by Dc-3 extract, as compare with other extracts. Dc-3 also inhibited the release of IL-6 increased by mite extract and LPS in EoL-1 cells. However, Dc-3 extract increased IL-8 production induced by the mite extract and LPS in EoL-1 cells. These results suggest that Dc extract may be used as anti-inflammatory agents in treating allergic disorders such as asthma and atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.560-563
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• 2002

심흉부 수술 후에 발생하는 횡격막 신경 손상으로 인한 편측 횡격막 마비는 드물지 않게 발생하는 질환으로 증상 없이 방사선학적 비정상 소견만을 보이는 것에서 심한 폐기능 장애와, 심지어는 폐기능이 저하되어 있는 환자에서는 사망을 초래하기도 하는 질환이다. 이러한 증상이 발현된 편측 횡격막 마비시, 마비된 편측 횡격막의 주름성형술이 가장 효과적인 치료방법으로 알려져 있다. 본원에서는 천식의 병력이 있는 38세의 남자 환자의 전종격동에 발생한 종양 절제시 발생한 우측 횡격막 신경 손상에 대해 비복 신경을 이용한 횡격막 신경 재건술을 시행하여 술후 10개월째 시행한 단순 흉부 방사선 검사상 좋은 결과를 얻었기에 간략한 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권8호
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• pp.785-788
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• 2007

경막외기종은 자발기종격, 자발기흉, 천식 발작, 기침, 심한 구토, 외상 등에 의해 발생할 수 있지만 기관지 이물에 의한 경우는 드물고, 고환기종 역시 대장내시경, 진단적 복강경, 간생검 등에 의해 발생하는 경우가 보고되고 있지만, 기관지 이물에 의한 경우는 아직까지 국내 외에 보고된 적이 없다. 이에 본 저자들을 기관지 이물에 의해 심한 고환기종 및 경막외기종, 기종격, 기흉이 발생한 18개월된 남아에 대해 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2019년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.174-175
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• 2019

Recently, due to air pollution caused by fine dust, it is considered as a social problem. Increasing fine dust has intensified air pollution, causing many diseases and damages. This year, Seoul, South Korea, reached a severe level of fine dust pollution worldwide. The Ministry of Environment has strengthened the environmental standard for fine dust (PM2.5) from $50{\mu}g/m^3$ to $35{\mu}g/m^3$ since March 2018. When fine dust enters the human body, it causes bronchial or skin elongation such as respiratory allergies, irritable pneumonia, asthma and atopy. In this study, $TiO_2$ rutile with photocatalytic activity was used, and materials prepared by rutile sulfuric acid method were used. The photocatalytic activity rate is 95% or more and the density is $4.1g/cm^3$. The matrix was based on cement, and the substitution rate of $TiO_2$ was 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 (%). The test item is flexural strength and compressive strength.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.5.1-5.12
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• 2019

Autophagy is a homeostatic mechanism that discards not only invading pathogens but also damaged organelles and denatured proteins via lysosomal degradation. Increasing evidence suggests a role for autophagy in inflammatory diseases, including infectious diseases, Crohn's disease, cystic fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension. These studies suggest that modulating autophagy could be a novel therapeutic option for inflammatory diseases. Eosinophils are a major type of inflammatory cell that aggravates airway inflammatory diseases, particularly corticosteroid-resistant inflammation. The eosinophil count is a useful tool for assessing which patients may benefit from inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Recent studies demonstrate that autophagy plays a role in eosinophilic airway inflammatory diseases by promoting airway remodeling and loss of function. Genetic variant in the autophagy gene ATG5 is associated with asthma pathogenesis, and autophagy regulates apoptotic pathways in epithelial cells in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Moreover, autophagy dysfunction leads to severe inflammation, especially eosinophilic inflammation, in chronic rhinosinusitis. However, the mechanism underlying autophagy-mediated regulation of eosinophilic airway inflammation remains unclear. The aim of this review is to provide a general overview of the role of autophagy in eosinophilic airway inflammation. We also suggest that autophagy may be a new therapeutic target for airway inflammation, including that mediated by eosinophils.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제67권6호
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• pp.506-511
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• 2009

Background: The smoking prevalence in asthma patients are similar to those in the general population. Asthma and active cigarette smoking can interact to create more severe symptoms, an accelerated decline in lung function and impaired therapeutic responses. Accordingly, asthmatics with a history of smoking were examined to define the clinical characteristics and lung function of smoking asthmatics. Methods: The medical records of 142 asthmatics with a known smoking history were reviewed. The patients were divided into three groups according to their smoking history - current smokers, former smokers and non-smokers. The clinical characteristics, lung function, and annual declines of the forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$) were compared. Results: Fifty-three of the 142 patients (37%) were current smokers, 24 were former smokers (17%) and 65 were non-smokers (45%). The patients with a hospital admission history during the previous year included 16 current smokers (30%), 4 former smokers (17%) and 7 non-smokers (11%) (p=0.02). The mean $FEV_1$ (% predicted) was 76.8${\pm}$19.8%, 71.6${\pm}$21.1% and 87.9${\pm}$18.7% for current smokers, former smokers and non-smokers, respectively (p< 0.001). The $FEV_1$/forced vital capacity (FVC) (ratio, %) values were 63.6${\pm}$12.6%, 59.3${\pm}$14.9% and 72.1${\pm}$11.8% in current smokers, former smokers and non-smokers, respectively (p<0.001). The corresponding mean values for the individual $FEV_1$ slopes were not significant (p=0.33). Conclusion: Asthmatic smokers demonstrated higher hospital admission rates and lower lung function. These findings suggest that the smoking history is an important predictor of a poor clinical outcome in asthma patients.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권6호
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• pp.493-500
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• 2012

Background: This study investigated the clinical characteristics and risk factors of the severity of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 infection in pediatric patients in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do. Methods: Cases of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in patients under the age of 18 years, confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, at Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital from the last week of August 2009 through the last week of February 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of the 3,777 confirmed cases of influenza A (H1N1) 2009, 2,200 (58.2%) were male and 1,577 (41.8%) were female. The average age of the patients was $8.4{\pm}4.8$ years. The total cases peaked during 44th to 46th week. Most of the patients were in the 5- to 9-year-old age group. Oseltamivir was administered to 2,959 (78.3%) of the patients. 221 patients (5.9%) were hospitalized, age an average of $6.7{\pm}4.5$ years. The average duration of hospitalization was $7.4{\pm}5.6$ days. One hundred cases (45.2%) had pneumonia. Risk factors for hospitalization included male gender, <2 years of age, and underlying disease. Children with asthma were at very high risk of hospitalization, over 20 times the non-asthmatic children (odds ratio [OR], 21.684; confidence interval [CI], 13.295~39.791). Likewise the children with neurologic deficits faced a 16 times higher risk (OR, 15.738; CI, 7.961~31.111). Ten of the patients (4.5%) were admitted to the intensive care unit, and eight (3.6%) required mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: Of the pediatric patients with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009, most of the patients were in the 5- to 9-year-old age group. Risk factors for hospitalization included male gender, <2 years of age, and underlying disease. The most common complication was pneumonia. The very high risk of severe morbidity in children with asthma or neurologic disease shows the critical importance of targeted vaccine coverage, special awareness and swift care by both guardians and primary care providers.