• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.237-245
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• 1987

Young male rats were fed for 10 and 20 days on different low-fat experimental diets ; 4% lard + 4% soybean oil, 4% sardine oil + 4% lard, 4% sardine oil with vitamin E+ 4% lard, 4% sardine oil with vitamin E+ 4% soybean oil. Lipid peroxide levels in liver were significantly higher in the sardine oil groups but the addition of vitamin Ehad no effects on the lipid peroxide values. Serum total cholesterol showed no significant difference among the groups but HDL-cholesterol in serum was increased in the sardine oil groups. However, the contents of serum triglyceride and phospholipid were unaffected by the replacement with sardine oil.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.187-194
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• 1997

The effects of diet induced hyperlipidemia on kidney function were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats fed high fat diet containing 20% beef tallow and high cholesterol diet containing 5% cholesterol for 8, 12, 16 weeks, respectively. The concentrations of serum total lipid, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were significantly high cholesterol diet groups during all experimental periods (p<0.05). HDL-cholesterol concentration was the lowest value in high cholesterol diet group of 16 weeks(p<0.05). Triglyceride concentration was not affected by experimental diets. Serum total protein, albumin and creatinine concentration tended to higher in high cholesterol diet groups than those in high fat diet groups. And serum urea-N concentration was higher in high fat diet group of 16 weeks than that in other diet groups. Urinary total protein and urea-N were higher in high cholesterol diet groups than those in other diet groups regardless of experimental period period. There was no significant difference in urinary creatinine concentratin among diet groups(p<0.05). GFR was lower in high cholesterol diet groups than that in high fat diet groups at 8, 16 weeks, respectively. Wet weight per body weight, total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol concentations of liver tissue were apparently high in high cholesterol diet groups(p<0.05). Kidney wet weight per body weight wer not affected by experimently diets, total lipid concentration of kidney tissue was significantly high in high fat diet groups of 12 weeks(p<0.05), kidney tissue triglyceride concentrations of high cholesterol diet groups of 12, 16 weeks apparently low, and total cholesterol concentration of kidney tissue was higher in experimental diet groups than that of control groups at 12, 16 weeks(p<0.05). Fecal excretion, total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations of feces were markedly high in all high cholesterol diet groups except high fat diet group of 16 weeks. The results of light microscopic examination indicated that glomerulosclerosis was not obsrved in rats fed experimental diets.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the supplementary effects of Suwon 464 developed by Rural Development Administration, which has over two times of dietary fiber content compared with normal rice (Ilpum), on lipid metabolism in diabetic mice. We supplied 5 kinds of experimental diets (com starch diet as a control (CO), Ilpum polished rice diet (IP), Ilpum brown rice diet (IB), polished rice diet (SP) and brown rice diet (SB) of Suwon 464) to diabetic mice for 8 weeks, after analyzing dietary fiber contents of 5 experimental diets. Diet intake, body weight, organ weights, and lipids levels of serum, liver and feces were measured. The dietary fiber contents in CO, IP, IB, SP, and SB diets were 1.0, 1.2, l.4, 1.4, and 2.0% respectively. Body weight and liver and epididymal fat pad weights were lower in SB group than the other groups though there was no significant difference in diet intake among experimental groups. The concentrations of serum triglyceride was lower in SP and SB groups than CO and IP groups. The levels of hepatic total lipid and total cholesterol were significantly lower in SP and SB groups than CO group, and the level of hepatic triglyceride was lower in IB, SP and SB groups than CO group. The levels of total lipid and triglyceride excreted in feces were higher in IB, SP and SB, and the level of total cholesterol in feces was higher in SP and SB groups than CO group. These results suggested that the high dietary fiber rice (Suwon 464) decrease the triglyceride or total cholesterol concentrations of serum and liver by increasing of fecal lipid excretion in diabetic mice. (Korean J Nutrition 37(2): 81∼87, 2004)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2000

The objective of this study was to investigate nutritional status of middle aged Korean men exhibiting impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and identify the risk factors related to IGT Data were collected from 163 men with a fasting blood glucose level from 115 to 139mg/dl(high blood glucose group: HBG) and 170 men with a normal fasting blood glucose level(control) aged from 40 to 59 years in both groups. Weight, body mass index(BMI) and percent body fat were significantly higher in high blood glucose(HBG) group than those of control group. Age, weight, BMI, percent body fat were positively related to blood glucose. There were no differences in exercise, smoking and family history of diabetes between two groups. Frequency of fat eating and overeating of HBG were higher than those of control group but frequency of sweet snacks intake of HBG was lower than that of control group. There was no difference in daily total energy intake in two groups. Total and supper energy intakes were positively associated with blood glucose. Percent energy intake of alcohol was significantly higher in HBG group and positively related to blood glucose, however there were no difference in daily intake of nutrients in two groups. Alcohol intake was positively related to BMI, but after adjusting BMI, there was no correlation between alcohol intake and blood glucose. Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly higher in HBG group than those of control group. Serum total cholesterol i,nd triglyceride were positively related to blood glucose and high density lipoprotein cholesterol was negatively associated with blood glucose. After adjusting BMI, serum triglyceride was positively related to blood glucose. In conclusion, weight, BMI, percent body fat and blood total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were positively related to blood glucose level of middle aged Korean men exhibiting impaired glucose tolerance. Their eating habits exhibited higher frequency of overeating, fast eating, high energy intakes of supper. (Korean J Nutrition 33(1) : 59-67, 2000)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1364-1369
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• 2003

In this study, we investigated the effect of seatangle drink and seatangle extract product on weight gain and serum and hepatic lipid composition in rats fed a hyperlipidemic diet. In the dietary hyperlipidemia induced rats, it was observed that serum triglyceride, phospholipid, total lipid, LDL-cholesterol level and atherosclerotic index were higher, while the HDL-cholesterol level was lower when compared to the normal group. Total hepatic lipid and cholesterol content of the dietary hyperlipidemia induced rats was conspicuously decreased by seatangle drink and seatangle extract product treatment. Especially, triglyceride content was decreased to 30% by seatangle drink treatment, and 45% by seatangle extract product treatment.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.183-210
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• 1999

In order to investigate the protective effect of Injinhotanghapsihosogantang-gagambang on the liver injury of rats induced by $CCl_4$ and d-galactosamine, the serum transaminase(GOT&GPT) alkaline phosphatase(ALP), lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) for enzyme activities, triglyceride for serum component, liver weight and glutathione S-transferase(GST), Superoxide dimutase(SOD) were measured. All animals were divided into 5 groups, those were normal group(untreated), control group(treated with vehicle 0.9% Saline solution), sample I group(10mg/kg administrated), sample II group(30mg/kg administrated), Silymarin 200 administrated group. The results were as follows: 1. The inhibitory effects of the serum GOT activities in rats induced by $CCl_4$ were noted in both sample I (p<0.001) and sample II group(p<0.001). In serum GPT activities, sample I (p<0.01) and sample II group(p<0.01). 2. The inhibitory effects of the serum LDH activities in rats induced by $CCl_4$ were noted in both sample I (p<0.001) and sample II group(p<0.001). 3. The increased effects of the serum ALP activities in rats induced by $CCl_4$ were not recognized. 4. The inhibitory effects of the serum triglyceride content level in rats induced by $CCl_4$ were inhibited in only sample II group(p<0.05). 5. The increased effects of the liver weight level in rats induced by $CCl_4$ were inhibited in both sample I (p<0.05) and sample II group(p<0.05). 6. The inhibitory effects of the GST activities in rats induced by $CCl_4$ were not recognized. In SOD activities, both sample I (p<0.05) and sample II group(p<0.001) showed the inthbitory effects. 7. The inhibitory effects of in the serum GOT, GPT activities in rats induced by d-galactosamine were not recognized. 8. The increases of the serum LDH level in rats induced by d-galactosamine were noted in both sample I (p<0.01) and sample II group(p<0.001). 9. The inhibitory of the serum triglyceride content level in rats induced d-galactosamine were noted in only sample II group(p<0.05). According to the above results, it is considered that Injinhotanghapsihosogantang-gagambang has protective effect against liver injury in rats induced by $CCl_4$ and d-galactosamine.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.202-218
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• 1998

In order to evaluate the effects of SIMNETONG, GANGJIYOUNSOODAN and CHUNGSIMJOKITANG(Xinnao-Tong, Jiangzhiyanshou-Dan and Qingxintiaoqi-Tang) on hyperlipidemia, the experimental study was performed in rats without or with hyperlipidemia induced by 2% cholesterol fed-diet or Triton WR-1339. And the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and phospholipid were measured. The results are summarized as follows : In the model of hyperlipidemia induced by 2% cholesterol Fed-diet 1. Both low & highly concentrated GANGJIYOUNSOODAN showed significantly decreasing effects on the level of serum total cholesterol while SIMNETONG & CHUNGSIMJOKlTANG didn't. 2. GANGJIYOUNSOODAN, SIMINETONG and CHUNGSIMJOKITANG showed decreasing effects on the level of serum triglyceride with no statistical significance. 3. Only highly concentrated GANGJIYOUNSOODAN showed increasing effects on the level of serum HDL-cholesterol while the others had no effects. 4. Only highly concentrated GANGJIYOUNSOODAN had decreasing effects on the level of serum LDL-cholesterol while the others had no effects. 5. Highly concentrated GANGJIYOUNSOODAN and CHUNGSIMJOKITANG showed significantly decreasing effects on the level of serum phospholipid while the other had no effects. In the model of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton WR-1339 6. SIMNETONG, GANGJIYOUNSOODAN and CHUNGSIMJOKITANG showed slightly decreasing effects on the levels of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride with no statistical significance. 7. None of SIMNETONG, GANGJIYOUNSOODAN and CHUNGSIMJOKITANG showed any effects on the level of serum HDL-cholesterol. 8. Highly concentrated GANGJIYOUNSOODAN and CHUNGSIMJOKITANG showed decreasing effects on the level of serum LDL-cholesterol but the other had no effects. 9. All of highly concentrated SIMNETONG, GANGJIYOUNSOODAN and CHUNGSIMJOKITANG showed decreasing effects on the level of serum phospholipid with statistical significance. These results show that GANGJIYOUNSOODAN and CHUNGSIMJOKITANG, in orders, have antihyperlipidemic effects. Further study on the mechanism and on the herb screening of these prescription should be followed.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.4 s.84
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• pp.529-534
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• 2007

The effects of dietary eggs on liver and serum lipids, serum protein and mineral concentrations, and enzyme activities in male rats were studied. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed four types of diets for 4 weeks, respectively: a control diet, a control diet supplemented with 5, 10 or 15% eggs powder. In rats fed 5, 10 or 15% egg diets the body weight gain, the food intake, the weights of kidney and epididymal fat pad were similar to those in rats fed the control diet. The hepatic weight, hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations of rats fed the all egg diets were significantly higher than those of rats fed the control diet. The concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL+VLDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid in the serum of rats fed the all egg diets were similar to those of rats fed the control diet. In the rats fed 5% egg diet the HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratios was significantly increased, and the atherogenic index was significantly decreased compared with those in the rats fed 10 or 15% egg diets. The serum total protein and albumin concentrations of rats fed 10 or 15% egg diets were significantly increased compared with those of rats fed the control diet. The serum calcium levels of rats fed the all egg diets were significantly increased compared with those of rats fed the control diet. No differences were noted in the concentrations of urea nitrogen, creatinine, glucose and hemoglobin, and activities of GOT, GPT, ${\gamma}-GTP$ and alkaline phosphatase in the serum among the rats with on all the experimental diets. These results showed that the all egg diets feeding increased cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in liver, but no differences lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in serum of rats.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.421-426
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• 1999

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of persimmon vinegar on serum lipid components in the hypercholesterolemic Sprague-Dawley male rats. Forty rats were divided into four groups and fed diets containing l% cholesterol for 4 weeks. Experimental diets added to distilled water, 1.5%, 3%, and 7% persimmon vinegar(PV) as drinking water. Concentration of total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglyceride in serum and activity of AST, ALT in serum were assayed. Average food intake, weight gain and FER of experimental rats were not significantly different by contents of persimmon vinegar. Concentration of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol in serum were lowest in 7% persimmon vinegar group. However concentration of HDL cholesterol in serum was highest in 3% persimmon vinegar group. Concentration of triglyceride in serum was significantly lower in persimmon vinegar group than control group. Activities of AST and ALT in serum were lowest in 7% persimmon vinegar group. The results in this study suggest that persimmon vinegar is effective in lowering serum triglyceride level.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.347-368
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• 1994

In order to investigate the effects of Okchunsan (Sample A), Gamiokchunsan (Sample B) and Spinacia oleracea L. (semen: Sample C) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, the experimal study was performed on the levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), electrolytes $(Na^+,\;Ka^+,\;Cl^-)$, GOT and GPT in serum, hemoglobin, hematocrit, urine volume, glucose and protein in urine, body weight, liver and kidney weight. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Serum glucose levels were significantly decreased in Sample A. B and C group and serum insulin levels were increaseclin Sample A and B group. 2. Serum total cholesterol levels were recovered as the normal value in Sample A, B and C group and serum triglyceride levels were decreased in Sample A and C group. 3. Serum total protein levels were increased in Sample C group, BUN levels were decreased in Sample A and C group. 4. Serum $Na^+\;and\;Cl^-$ levels were increased, $K^+$ levels were decreased in Sample A, B and C group. 5. Serum GOT and GPT levels were remarkedly decreased in Sample A, B and C group. 6. Urine volume, urine glucose and protein levels were decreased in Sample A, B and C levles. 7. Body Weight showed a tendancy of increasing in Sample A, B and C group. 8. Levels of serum albumin, hemoglobin, nematocrit, liver and Kidney weight were not significantly changed. According to above results, Okchunsan, Gamiokchunsan and spinacia oleracea L. (Semen) were expected to be applied to the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.