• 대한본초학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2007

Objectives : Effects of Fructus Foeniculi extract on liver function were investigated in carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) intoxicated rats. Methods : Thirty two male Sprague-Dawley rats with mean weight of $227.28{\pm}7.92g$ were used in these experiments and housed with food and water ad libitum. Fructus Foeniculi extract was administerd at dose 100mg/kg/day and 200mg/kg/day p.o. for 2 weeks after that CCl4 was treated 3 times at dose of 2.5ml/kg, p.o. in alternate day basis. Then serum AFP(${\alpha}$-Fetoprotein), Total protein, Albumin, Triglyceride, Total cholesterol concentrations and ALP (Alkaline phosphatase), AST(Aspartate Aminotransferase), ALT(Alanine Aminotransferase), ${\gamma}$-GT( ${\gamma}$-Glutamyl transferase), LDH(Lactate Dehydrogenase) activities were determined with commercial kit by autoanalyzer. Results : Plasma ${\alpha}$-fetoprotein and total protein concentration showed a tendency to decrease in Fructus Foeniculi extract-treated groups. However, plasma albumin concentration showed no significant differences in all treatment groups. Activity of plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in Fructus Foeniculi extract-treated groups showed a lower value than that of control group. Alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase activities showed a tendency to decrease in Fructus Foeniculi treated groups. However, ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transferase activity showed no significant difference in all treated groups. Concentration of plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol showed a high level in CCl4 intoxicated rats but not in Fructus Foeniculi treated groups. Conclusion : Reviewing these experimental results, it appears that Fructus Foeniculi extract have recovering effect against liver injury.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.351-359
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the improvement effect of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus L.) on the hepatic functional enzyme and catalase activity of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were divided into four groups (n=6), and fed experimental diets containing mung bean meal [basal diet+5% mung bean (BM), basal diet+STZ+5% mung bean (SM)], and control (Basal Diet, BD), BS groups (basal diet+STZ). Serum concentrations of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were significantly decreased (p<0.05) by 5% mung bean supplementation diet. The activities of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), akaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), amylase and lipase were decreased in the BD, BM and SM group than BS group. The catalase (CAT) activity was significantly increased (p<0.05) in mung bean supplementation diet (BM, SM group) than diabetic group (BS). In vivo experiments with diabetic rats showed that ingestion of mung bean supplementation diet were effective in BUN concentration, and hepatic functional enzyme activities.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1213-1219
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the feeding Cordyceps militaris extract on the improvement of the free fatty acid, lipid peroxide, creatinine and enzyme (creatine phosphokinase; CPK, lactate dehydrogenase; LDH, alkaline phosphatase; ALP, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase; LCAT) activities in the sera of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats (SD strain, male) fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. Concentrations of free fatty acid, lipid peroxide and CPK, LDH, ALP activities in sera were fairly reduced in the Cordyceps militaris extract administration group (CHE) than in the hypercholesterolemic diet group (CHD). However, no significance was found in the effect of an creatinine concentration among the groups. The LCAT activity in serum was increased in the Cordyceps militaris extract administration (CHE) than in the hypercholesterolemic diet group (CHD). From these results, Cordyceps militaris extracts were effective on the improvement of the lipid components and metabolic enzyme activities in sera of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2012

본 연구는 가축 체지방 감소를 위한 수동면역학적 기법의 기초자료 확보를 위해 흰쥐 지방부위별(복강 및 피하지방) 특이 다클론 항체를 개발하고자 실시되었다. 흰쥐 부위별 지방 조직에서 지방세포를 분리하고 각각 primary 배양시킨 후 개발된 복강지방(AAb) 및 피하지방 특이 다클론 항체(SAb)를 주입한 뒤 media 내 lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) 방출 수준을 조사하였다. 희석배율 1:1,000배를 기준으로 비면역 혈청은 항원-항체 결합 반응이 거의 측정되지 않았고, AAb 및 SAb는 희석배율 1:128,000배까지 각각 항원-항체 반응이 감지되었다. 부위별 지방과 비교했을 때, AAb 및 SAb는 흰쥐 타 장기들과는 특이한 반응을 나타내지 않았다(p<0.001). 본 연구에서 개발한 두 항체들은 모두 항원으로 이용된 부위의 지방세포 PMP와 가장 높은 반응을 나타내었으며, 지방세포 배양을 통한 LDH 수준 검사에서는 AAb 및 SAb 모두 비면역혈청에 비해 유의적으로 높은 세포파괴가 일어났음을 확인할 수 있었다(p<0.01). 이상의 결과를 종합할 때 본 연구에서 개발된 AAb 및 SAb는 높은 역가, 타장기 안전성 및 in vitro 지방 감소 효과가 있었다고 생각된다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2002

This report describes the use of a transtubular bioreactor to study the relative effects of diffusion versus perfusion of medium on antibody production by a hybridoma cell line. The study was performed with a high-density cell culture maintained in a serum-free, low-protein medium for 77 days. It was determined that the reactor possessed a macro-mixing pattern residence time distribution similar to a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), However, due to the arrangement of the medium lines in the reactor, the flow patterns for nutrient distribution consist of largely independent medium path lengths ranging from short to long. When operated with cyclic, reversing, transtubular medium flow, some regions of the reactor (with short residence times) are more accessible to medium than others (with long residence times). From this standpoint, the reactor can be divided into three regions: a captive volume, which consists of medium primarily delivered via diffusion; a lapped volume, which provides nutrients through unilateral convection; and a swept volume, which operates through bilateral convection. The relative sizes of these three volumes were modified experimentally by changing the period over which the direction of medium flow was reversed from 15 min (larger captive volume) to 9 h (larger swept volume). The results suggest that antibody concentration increases as the size of the diffusion-limited (captive) volume is increased to a maximum at around 30 min with a sharp decrease thereafter. As reflected by changes in measured consumption of glucose and production of lactate, no significant difference in cellular metabolism occurred as the reactor was moved between these different states. These results indicate that the mode of operation of the transtubular bioreactor may influence antibody productivity under serum-free, low-protein conditions with minimal effects on cellular metabolism.

• 약학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2012

The protective effect of AI-1367 (Alnus japonica extract) on liver injury was investigated. Primary rat hepatocyte intoxication was induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBH), carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$), or D-glactosamine (D-GalN). Liver injury was induced by $CCl_4$, D-GalN or MCD (methionine choline deficient)-diet in mouse. The cellular leakage of lactate dehyrogenase and cell viability followed by the treatment of hepatotoxicants were significantly improved by AI-1367 treatment at a concentration range of 5~50 ${\mu}g/ml$ for tBH, 5~50 ${\mu}g/ml$ for D-GalN, and 5~100 ${\mu}g/ml$ for $CCl_4$, respectively. Treatment with AI-1367 (20, 10, 5 mg/kg, p.o.) on liver injury induced by subcutaneous injection of $CCl_4$ or D-GalN reduced significantly the levels of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase in serum. Histological observations revealed that fatty acid changes, hepatocyte necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in $CCl_4$ (D-GalN)-induced liver injury was improved by administration of AI-1367. AI-1367 treatment (10, 5, 2.5 mg/kg, p.o.) also significantly recovered the body weight change and serum levels of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and triglyceride in liver injury induced by MCD diet. From these results, AI-1367 shows protective effects against tBH, $CCl_4$, D-GalN, or MCD diet-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro or in vivo.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2016

Due to undesirable hazardous interactions with biological systems, this investigation was undertaken to evaluate the effect of chronic exposure to silver on certain biochemical and some oxidative stress parameters with histopathological examination of brain, as well as the possible protective role of selenium and/or vitamin E as nutritional supplements. Thirty six male rats were divided into six groups of six each: the first group used as a control group. Group II given both vitamin E (400 mg/kg) of diet and selenium (Se) (1 mg/L) in their drinking water. Group III given silver as silver nitrate ($AgNO_3$) (20 mg/L). Group IV given vitamin E and $AgNO_3$. Group V given both $AgNO_3$ and selenium. Group VI given $AgNO_3$, vitamin E and Se. The animals were in the same exposure conditions for 3 months. According to the results which have been obtained; there was an increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipase activities and cholesterol level, a decrease in serum total protein, calcium and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in Ag-intoxicated rats. Moreover, the findings showed that $Ag^+$ ions affected antioxidant defense system by decreasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and increasing vitamin E concentration with a high level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissue. The histological examination also exhibited some nervous tissue alterations including hemorrhage and cytoplasm vacuolization. However, the co-administration of selenium and/or vitamin E ameliorated the biochemical parameters and restored the histological alterations. In conclusion, this study indicated that silver could cause harmful effects in animal body and these effects can be more toxic in high concentrations or prolonged time exposure to this metal. However, selenium and vitamin E act as powerful antioxidants which may exercise adverse effect against the toxicity of this metal.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.860-865
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• 2006

본 연구는 주정과 구연산을 처리한 대멸분말과 함께 식이성 칼슘소재가 SD계 흰쥐의 칼슘대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. 실험식이는 대델분말의 칼슘함량을 고려하여 식이중의 칼슘함량이 0.1%가 되도록 semi-purified diet(AIN-diet, 1977)에 건조대별분말을 첨가한 대조군(C), 주정-구연산처 리군(EC), 주정-구연산+CPPS처리군(ECC), 젖산칼슘첨가군(CL) 및 인산칼슘침가군(CP)으로처리하여 5주동안 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 증체랑은 EC군이 ECC군과 일반적인 칼슘소재로 이용되는 젖산칼슘군(CL)과 인산칼슘군(CP)에 비해 유의하게 높았고(p<0.05), 식이효율(FER)은 차이가 없었다. 생체내외(in vitro 을 in vivo) 칼슘흡수율은 CPP를 처리한 ECC군이 각각 20.4%,28.4%로 실험군중 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 혈당치는 CL군(105.7 mg/dL)이 대조군(89.5 mg/dL)보다 유의하게 높았고 (p<0.05), TC농도는 EC군(75.1 mg/dL)이 CP군(65.6 mg/dL)보다 높았으며, TG농도는 CP군(33.5 mg/dL)이 통계적으로 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). ALP활성과 057농토는 실험군간 차이가 없이 CL군이 대조군보다 다소 높았다. 혈중 Ca농토는 칼슘흡수율이 가장 낮은 대조군(C)이 10.82 mg/dL로 유의하게 낮았고, EC군과 ECC군이 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 대퇴골무게는 CP군이 가장 낮았고(p<0.05),길이는ECC군이 가장 길었다(P<0.05). 골밀도는 CP군$(0.1116\;g/cm^2)$이 가장 낮았던 반면, ECC군$(0.1149\;g/cm^2)$이 가장 높았다. 이상의 결과에서 CPPs를 첨가한 ECC군이 생체내의 칼슘흡수율과 혈중 Ca농도 및 대퇴골의 길이와 밀도 등에 유의한 상승효과를 미친 것으로 나타났다. 향추 본 연구결과는 칼슘흡수율을 높이고 색택의 개선 및 관능이 향상된 기능성제품 개발의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 헛개나무를 숙취해소 및 간 보호 관련기능성 식품으로 개발하기 위하여 헛개나무 열매, 잎 및 줄기 추출물의 알코올 분해효과를 확인하였고, 유효 성분의 추출조건을 확립하였으며, 동물실험을 통하여 혈중 알코올농도 저하 및 간 보호 효능을 검증하였다. 헛개나무의 열매 추출물이 가장 높은 알코올 분해 효능을 보였으며 대조군에 비해 38% 알코올 감소 효과가 있었다. 헛개 열매 (크기 : 4 mm)의 회분식 추출에서 유용 생리활성물질은 추출 6시간에 평형에 도달하였으며 총 3회의 추출로 대부분의 생리활성물질을 회수(>5%)할 수 있었다. 또한 동물실험에서 헛개 열매 추출물은 혈중 알코올 농도를 현저히 감소시켰으며 사염화탄소에 의한 간 독성 유발 쥐의 간 기능 수치인 AST, ALT 및 LDH 수준을 각각 45%, 52% 및 52% 감소시켜 헛개열매 추출물이 간 보호 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.171-181
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• 2001

연구배경 : 혈관신생은 종양의 성장과 주변 조직으로의 침습 및 전이에 필수적이다. 혈관신생을 촉진하는 인자 중 하나인 VEGF는 여러 종양에서 혈중 농도가 증가하며 임상적 소견 및 예후 등과도 관련이 있는 것으로 알려져 있고 또한 최근에는 흉막액 VEGF 측정의 의의와 유용성이 보고되고 있다. VEGF는 염증성 질환에서도 증가하는 것으로 알려져 있으나 결핵에 있어서의 보고는 매우 드물다. 본 연구는 폐암과 결핵성 흉막염 환자에서 혈청과 흉막액의 VEGF 농도를 측정하여 병인학적 및 임상적 의의를 알아보고자 한다. 또한 폐암 환자에서 치료 반응 및 경과에 따른 VEGF 농도의 변화 양상을 관찰하여 종양 표지자로서의 임상적 의의를 평가해 보고자 한다. 방법 : 폐암 환자 85예와 결핵성 흉막염 환자 13예, 정상 대조군 20예에서 혈청과 흉막액을 채취하여 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 법으로 VEGF 농도를 측정하여 각 군간의 비교 및 임상적 소견과의 비교 분석을 하였다. 결 과 : 폐암 환자($619.9{\pm}722.8pg/ml$)에서 정상 대조군($215.9{\pm}191.1pg/ml$) 에 비해 혈청 VEGF 농도가 높았다. 폐암의 조직세포형에 따라서는 대세포암과 미분화암에서 편평상피암과 선암에 비해 혈청 VEGF 농도가 높았으며, 환자의 다른 임상적 소견에 따라서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 악성 흉막액을 동반한 폐암 환자 ($2,228.1{\pm}2,103.0\;pg/ml$)에서 결핵성 흉막염 환자($897.6{\pm}978.8\;pg/ml$)에 비해 흉막액 VEGF 농도가 높았다. 악성 흉막액에서 VEGF 농도는 흉막액의 적혈구 수(r=0.75), LDH(r=0.70), glucose(r=-0.55) 등과 상관성이 있었다. 결 론 : 폐암 환자에서 VEGF의 혈청 농도가 증가되어 있으며 특히 악성 흉막액 내의 VEGF는 혈청에 비해 고농도를 보였고 결핵성 흉막액에서보다 높게 나타나 악성 흉막액의 형성에 병인학적인 역할을 시사하였다. 악성 흉막액의 VEGF 농도는 흉막액의 LDH, glucose, 적혈구 수 등과 상관성이 나타나 종양 부하량(tumor burden)의 유의한 지표로 사료된다.