• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.667-674
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• 2003

The study was performed to investigate the effects of isoflavone and/or grape seed oil supplementation on serum and liver lipid profiles and bone strength in ovariectomized female rats. Female Spraque-Dawley rats were assigned into 4 groups of ovariectomized (O), isoflavone (0.085 mg/100 g b.w/day) in ovariectomized rats, grape seed oil in ovariectomized rats and isoflavone and/or grape seed oil in ovariectomized rats. After 8 weeks, biochemical profiles of serum, liver and bone were analyzed. Total food intakes, body weight gains and FER (food efficiency ratio) were not statistically significantly different among groups. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol levels in serum were decreased by fed of isoflavone and/or grape seed oils. However, crude lipid and total cholesterol contents in liver were not affect of isoflavone and/or grape seed oil. The hepatic glutathione contents were increased by isoflavone and/or grape seed oil fed. The hepatic glutathione-S-transferase activity in isoflavone and/or grape seed oil supplemented groups were higher than that O group. Bone (scapular and femur bone) dry weight, femur of max weight and bending strength were no significant difference among groups. Our finding suggest that isoflavone/grape seed oils might have potential role for serum lipid profiles improvement and bone strength in vivo.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.167-172
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• 2006

This study investigated the effects of Platycodon grandiflorum aqueous extract on lipid concentration of serum and liver in rats fed high cholesterol diet Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to three groups (control, low dose of extract, high dose of extract) for four weeks. The serum total cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in the low and high doses of extract groups than in the control group. There was a significant decrease in the free cholesterol, cholesterol ester, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides concentrations in serum, and the total cholesterol and the triglycerides contentin liver in the low and high doses of extract groups compared to the control group. When the serum phospholipid concentration was compared among the groups, it was significantly lower in high dose of extract group than in control and low dose of extract group. It can be postulated that Platycodon grandiflorum aqueous extract may possess substantial hypolipidemic properties in rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.289-296
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary $\beta$-carotene supplementation on lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant enzyme activities in alcoholic fatty liver rats. Forty five Sprague-Dawley male rats aging 8 weeks were used as experimental animals, which were divided into the control diet (CD) and the ethanol diet (ED) and the ethanol + $0.02\%$ $\beta$-carotene diet (EPD) groups and fed the experimental diet respectively for 5 weeks. After the feeding, rats were sacrificed to get blood and liver to analyze lipid and lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant enzyme activities. The mean body weight and food intake of the ethanol diet group was significantly lower than that of the control diet. The liver index (LI) of the ethanol diet group was significantly higher than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Serum levels of total lipid, triglyceride of the ethanol diet group were significantly higher than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Total cholesterol levels were not significantly different among all groups. HDL-cholesterol of the ethanol diet group was significantly lower than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Liver TBARS of the ethanol diet group was significantly higher than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Liver lipofuscin and conjugated diene levels were not significantly different among all groups. The superoxide dismutase activity of the ethanol diet group was significantly lower than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were not significantly different among all groups. Because v-carotene supplementation significantly decrease the serum total lipid, triglyceride, liver TBARS revels and increase the superoxide dismutase activity in alcoholic ratty liver rats, $\beta$-carotene supplementation seems to give beneficial effect for the alcoholics.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1226-1234
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• 1998

The aim of the study was to determine whether vitamin E supplementation in three experimental model rats with impaired glucse tolerance could change serum insulin concentration and lipid distribution. The three groups were adult(AS) and neonatal (NS) streptozotocin-induced groups, and a high sucrose diet(HS) group. Each group was divided into control and vitamin E supplementatino groups at the age of 9 weeks. The level of vitamin E supplementation was 5g/kg diet. Blood and organ samples were taken at 5 and 10 weeks and were examined for changes in the level of serum insulin, glucose, lipids, liver lipids, and oxidative status. Vitamin E supplementation significantly reduced serum insulin in the HS group and caused the significant beneficial changes in serum lipids and triglycerides in As grouop at 10 weeks . In all groups, serum vitamin E was increased and malondialdehyde(MDA) in serumand liver were decreased significantly by vitamin E supplementation. The results suggest that vitamin E supplementation improves lipid distribution in adult streptozotocin-induced rats and serum insulin concentration in high sucrose diet-induced rats. Vitamin E might prevent on reduce oxidative injury in all experimental model rats with impaired glucose tolerance.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.197-207
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate protective effects of Sayeoksanhap-Pyeongweisan-Gamibang(SPG) on hepatological changes in rats damaged by $CCl_4$. Methods : We investigated the effects of SPG on hepatological changes in terms of AST/ALT levels, Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride in serum and lipid peroxidation in rat liver. Results : Combination treatment with acupuncture and oral administration of SPG decreased AST and ALT in serum. Combination treatment also decreased lipid peroxidation in liver and triglyceride in serum. In addition, HDL-cholesterol in serum was increased significantly by combination treatment. Contrary, level of total cholesterol was not changed by combination treatment. Conclusion : These results suggest that Combination treatment with acupuncture and oral administration of SPG was useful to protect liver against $CCl_4$ by its antioxidant action in liver tissues.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.363-368
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• 2007

This study is to find out the antioxidative effect and serum lipid composition of wild grape seed powder in vivo. 20 white Sprague Dawley rats of six weeks old were divided into 2 groups and AIN-93 basic diet, high fat and cholesterol were provided. And they were examined to know how wild grape seed powder worked for antioxidative effect and serum lipid composition. For the comparing group, wild grape seed powder consisting 5% of the diet weight was provided and the quantity of protein, fat, carbohydrate, and cellulose was controlled following the analysis of the ingredients. The rats were fed for four weeks with experimental diet. Serum lipid and the antioxidant enzyme activity in blood and liver microsome were measured after 4 weeks of experiment. The results are as follows; There was no difference between the experimental groups in the initial body weight, final body weight, weight gain and FER. Food intake was higher in the group wild grape seed powder was provided than in the control group(p<0.05). Serum total cholesterol in the control group was significantly higher than that in the group wild grape seed powder was provided.(p<0.05). There was no difference serum HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol between the groups. Serum triglyceride showed no significant difference between the groups. In blood, glutanthione peroxidase activity was higher in the group supplemented with wild grape seed powder than in the control group. The glutathione reductase activity of blood showed no difference between the groups. In liver, the glutanthione peroxidase activity was higher in the group supplemented with wild grape seed powder than in the control group(p<0.05). Glutathione reductase activity in liver showed no difference in accordance with the supplementation of wild grape seed powder.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.614-621
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• 1997

The experiments were performed to investigate the effects of protein and protein hydrolysates on lipid metabolism in the hyperlipidemic/hypercholesterolemic rat model induced by feeding fat-enriched diet. In Except 1 male rats were fed four semi-purified high fat and cholesterol diets that contained different nitrogen source, casein(C), casein hydrolysate(CH), corn gluten(G) and corn gluten hydrolysate(GH), for 6 weeks. In Expt. 2 rats were fed high fat and cholesterol diet for 4 weeks to induce hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. Then the rats were divided into 4 groups and were fed the four kinds of above experimental diets for 4 weeks consecutively. The contents of total lipid , cholesterol and triglyceride in blood, liver and feces were determined. Serum lipid concentrations of CH, G and GH were significantly lower than that of C. Serum cholesterol concentrations of hydrolysate groups(CH and GH) were significantly lower than those of intact protein groups(C and G). Serum HDL -cholesterol concentration tended to increase by hydrolysate intake. The total lipid, cholesterol contents in liver showed similarity results as above. Fecal lipid excretions of CH, G, and GH groups were significantly higher than that of C group. These results indicate that hypolipidemic and /or hypocholesterolemic effect of corn gluten or protein hydrolysates were detected in the process of inducing hyperlipidemia by high-fat and cholesterol diet or after inducing hyperlipidemia.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2005

Objectives : The present study attempted to reveal the effects of the combination of Fel Ursi and Bezoar on the improvement of the function of the liver, through examining the effects of Fel Ursi, Bezoar, and Woong-Whang Tang composed of Fel Ursi and Bezoar. Method : Acute hepatitis was induced by galactosamine to rats, and then Fel Ursi, Bezoar Bovis, and Woong-Whang Tang were introjected to measure the influence of serums such as AST, ALT, ALP, ${\gamma}GT$, and lipid peroxide of liver tissues which are considered as the index of the function of the liver. Results : 1. Fel Ursi decreased the lipid peroxide of ALT, ${\gamma}FT$, and liver tissue and that of mitochondria in liver tissues of the rats with galactosamine-induced acute hepatitis, but it did not have any significant effect on AST and ALP. 2. Bezoar Bovis decreased the lipid peroxide of AST, ALT, ALP, ${\gamma}GT$, and the liver tissues among serum of the rats suffering from acute hapatitis induced by galactosamine, but it did not have any significant effect on that of mitochondria of the liver tissues. 3. Woong-Whang Tang had a significant effects on the lipid peroxide of AST, ALT, ALP, ${\gamma}GT$, and the liver tissues, and on the decrease of lipid peroxide of mitochondria, among serum of the rats suffering from acute hapatitis induced by galactosamine. Conclusion : Fel Ursi and Bezoar Bovis were judged to be effective on the acute hepatitis of the liver by galactosamine. In particular, Woong-Whang Tang which was composed of the combination of Fel Ursi and Bezoar Bovis was more efficient in the improvement of the function of the liver and the amount of lipid peroxide than the respective use of Fel Ursi or Bezoar Bovis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.192-197
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• 1994

Effect of pine pollen and defatted pine pollen on lipid accumulation and metabolism in serum and liver were investigated with rats fed high fat-supplemented diets for 6 weeks. Concentrations of total lipid and total cholesterol in serum significantly decreased in the experimental groups (treated with pine pollen and defatted pine pollen) compared with the control group. Concentration of triglyceride in serum was remarkably lower than that of control group. This was similar to that of normal group. Concentration of glucose in serum was significantly lower in the experimental group. It was observed from photographs of hepatic tissue in rats that pine pollen inhibits the lipid accumulation induced by high fat diets.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 1984

This study was performed to investigate the effect of various levels of Zn(0, 30, 3000 ppms) and different kinds of lipid(corn oil, sesame oil or butter.) in the diet upon lipid metabolism and Zn & Cu concentration in various organs and tissues in weanling rats. The results obtained were summarized as following : 1) Food consumptions, body weight gains and F.E.R.s showed no significant differences among groups. 2) The contents of total lipids and total cholesterols in serum tended to increase with increase in lipid saturation and Zn levels. Those in per g liver were higher in butter groups and tended to be higher in low Zn groups. Total lipids contents in per g muscle tended to be higher in butter and high Zn groups, but total cholesterols contents in per g muscle tended to be higher in corn oil and low Zn groups. 3) Liver, serum and fecal Zn concentrations tended to be higher in high Zn groups than other Zn groups. The Cu concentrations in liver and serum tended to be lower in high Zn groups. On the contrary, the Cu concentrations in urine tended to be higher in high Zn groups.