Browse > Article

Effects of $\beta$-Carotene Supplementation on Lipid Peroxide Levels and Antioxidative Enzyme Activities in Alcoholic Fatty Liver Rats  

Lee Eun-Hee (Department of Food & Nutrition, Inha University)
Chyun Jong-Hee (Department of Food & Nutrition, Inha University)
Publication Information
Journal of Nutrition and Health / v.38, no.4, 2005 , pp. 289-296 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary $\beta$-carotene supplementation on lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant enzyme activities in alcoholic fatty liver rats. Forty five Sprague-Dawley male rats aging 8 weeks were used as experimental animals, which were divided into the control diet (CD) and the ethanol diet (ED) and the ethanol + $0.02\%$ $\beta$-carotene diet (EPD) groups and fed the experimental diet respectively for 5 weeks. After the feeding, rats were sacrificed to get blood and liver to analyze lipid and lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant enzyme activities. The mean body weight and food intake of the ethanol diet group was significantly lower than that of the control diet. The liver index (LI) of the ethanol diet group was significantly higher than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Serum levels of total lipid, triglyceride of the ethanol diet group were significantly higher than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Total cholesterol levels were not significantly different among all groups. HDL-cholesterol of the ethanol diet group was significantly lower than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Liver TBARS of the ethanol diet group was significantly higher than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Liver lipofuscin and conjugated diene levels were not significantly different among all groups. The superoxide dismutase activity of the ethanol diet group was significantly lower than those of the control diet and the $\beta$-carotene supplementation group. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were not significantly different among all groups. Because v-carotene supplementation significantly decrease the serum total lipid, triglyceride, liver TBARS revels and increase the superoxide dismutase activity in alcoholic ratty liver rats, $\beta$-carotene supplementation seems to give beneficial effect for the alcoholics.
Keywords
alcohol; fatty liver; lipid peroxides; antioxidative enzymes;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Lieber CS, Leo MA. Alcohol and liver. In 'Medical and nutritional complications of alcoholism: Mechanisms and management'. Liber, C.S (ed), Plenum Medical Book Company, p.185, 1992
2 Tsukamoto H, Towner SJ. Ethanol induced liver fibrosis in rats fed high fat diets. Hepatology 6: 814, 1984   DOI
3 Lieber CS. Alcohol and the liver: 1994 update. Gastroenterology 106: 1085-1105, 1994
4 Park HS, Jang YJ, Choi DS, Namgung MA, Lee YJ, Kang SA. Increased oxydative stress in sciatic nerves of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat: Lack of vitamin C effect. Diabetes 19 (3) : 279-286,1995
5 Helmut S, Wilhelm S. Vitamins E and C, $\beta$ -carotene and other carotenoids as antooxidants. Am J Clin Nutr 62 (suppl): 1315s- 1321s, 1995
6 Choi EJ. A study in lipid peroxides and glycosylated serum proteins in KK mice fed vitamin E supplemented diet. Master's Thesis, Seoul National University, 1994
7 Misra HP, Fridovich I. The role of superoxide an ion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J Bioi Chem 247: 3170-3175, 1972
8 Gary L, Deterson. Review of the folin phenol protein quantitation method of Lowry, Rosebrough, Farr and Randall. Analytical Biochem 100: 201-220, 1979   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
9 Schapiro R, Scheig RL, Drummey GD, Mendelson JH, Isselbacher MD. Effects of prolinged ethanol ingestion on the transport and metabolism of lipid in man. New Engl J Med 25: 610-615, 1965
10 Kim MH, Choi MK. A comparative study in serum lipid levels in normals and chronic alcoholics. Kor J Nutr 27 (I) : 53-58, 1994
11 Aebi H. Catalase in vitro. Meth Enzymol 105: 121-126, 1984   DOI
12 Linder MC. Nutrition and metabolism of fats. In 'nutritional biochemistry and metabolism with clinical appliactions' Linder, M.C. (ed) , 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, Amsterdam, Oxford, p.79,1991
13 Cederbaum AI, Liber CS, Rubin E. The effect of acetaldehyde on mitochondrial function. Biochim Biophys Acta 161: 26, 1974
14 Lawrence JC, Jill SG, Eric PD, Joyce AD, Donald DL, Mark AY. Effects of antooxidant treatment of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats in endoneurial blood flow, motor nerve conduction velocity and vascular reactivity of epineurial atterioles of the sciatic nerve. Diabetes 50(8): 1927-1937,2001   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Packer L. Protective role of Vitamin E in biological system. Am J Clin Nutr 53: 1050s-1055s, 1991
16 Chung JY. Assessment and analysis of related factors to $\beta$-carotene nutritional status in diabetics and controls. Master's Thesis, Seoul National University, 1996
17 Comporti M, Beneditle A, Chieli E. Studies on in vitro peroxidation of liver lipids in ethanol treated rats. Lipids 8: 498, 1973   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Lieber CS, Decarli LM. The feeding of alcohol in liquid diets: two decade of applications and 1982 up date. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 6: 523, 1982   DOI   ScienceOn
19 www.liver.co.kr
20 Jang JH, Yang KM, Seo JS. Effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin A or $\beta$ -carotene on oxidative damage induced by acute ethanol administration in rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 31 (1): 81-86, 2002
21 Sinaceur J, Ribiere C, Sabourauct D, Nordmann R. Superoxide formation in liver mitochondria during ethanol intoxication: possoble role in alcohol hepatotoxicity. Free Radicals Liver Inj., Proc Int Meet 1st p.175, 1985
22 Packer JE, Mahood JS, Mora-Arellano VO, Salter TF, Wolfenden BS. Free radical and singlet oxygen scavengers: reaction of a peroxy-radical with $\beta$ -carotene, diphenyl furan and 1, 4-diazobicyclo (2,2,2) -octane. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 98: 901, 1982   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Tappel AL. Glutathione peroxidase and hydroperoxides. Meth Enzymol 52: 5-513, 1970
24 Wolff SP, Jiang ZY, Hunt N. Protein glycation and oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. Free Rodical Biology Med 10: 339-352, 1988
25 Ide C, Kocher O, Gabbiani G. Contractility of myofibroblasts during experinentalliver cirrhosis. J Submicrose Cytol 12: 209, 1980
26 Bendich A. Symposium conclusion: Biological actions of carotenoids. J Nutr 119: 135-136, 1989
27 Yamada S, Wilson JS, Lieber CS. The effects of ethanol and diet on hepatic and serum $\gamma$-glutamyl transpeptidase activities in rats. J Nutr 115: 1285-1290,1985
28 Rya SY, Kim JH. Effect pf chronic alcohol feeding and 20-Acetylaminofluorene treatment on hepatic mitochondrial ATPase activity and membrane lipid composition in rats. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 24 (6) : 867-873, 1995
29 Koo BK, Chung JM, Lee HS. Biochenical evalution of nutritional status of protein and lipid in patients with alcoholic liver disease. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 27 (6): 1236-1243,1998
30 De Carli LM, Lieber CS. Fatty liver in the rat after prolonged intake of ethanol with a nutritionally adequate new liquid diet. J Nutr 91: 331-336, 1967   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Aebi H. Catalase. In methods of enzymatic analysis. Vergmeyer, M. U. (ed.), Academic press, New York, vol 2, pp.673-684, 1974
32 Rothwell NJ, Stock MJ. Influence of alcohol and sucrose consumption on energy blaance and brown fat activity in the rat. Metabolism 33: 768-771, 1984   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Cho SH, Kim JC, Kim SW. Effect of plant extracts on the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and the antioxidation in alcohol-treated rat hepatocyte. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30(4): 679-683, 2001
34 MacDonald CM. The effects of ethanol hepatic lipid peroxidation and on the activites of glutathione reductase and peroxidase. FEBS Lener 35:227,1973   DOI   PUBMED   ScienceOn
35 Iseri OA, Liber CS, Gottlieb LS. The ultrastructure of fatty liver induced by prolonged ethanol ingestion. Am J Pathol 48: 535, 1966
36 Hong ML. Effects of vitamin E supplementation on lipid peroxidation and glutathione-related antioxidative enzyme in liver and kidney of diabetic KK mice. Master's Thesis, Seoul National Unoversity, 1995
37 Dillard CJ, Tappel AL. Fluorescent products of lipid peroxidation od lipid peroxidation of mitochondria and microsomes. Lipid 6: 715-717, 1971   DOI   ScienceOn
38 Diluzio NR. The effect of acute ethanol intoxication on liver and plasma lipid fraction in the rat. Am J Physiol 194: 453, 1968
39 Chow CK. Nutritional influence on cellular antioxidant defense system. Am J Clin Nutr 32: 1066-1081,1979
40 Di Luzio NR. The role of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in ethanolinduced lipid alterations. Exp Mol Patho 8: 394, 1968
41 Halliwell B. Free radical, antioxidant and human disease: Curiosity cause, or consequence? Lancet 344: 721-728, 1994   DOI   ScienceOn
42 Placer ZA, Cushman LL, Johmsom BC. Estimation of product of lipid peroxidation (malonyl dialdehyde) in biochemical system. Analytical Biochem 16: 359-364, 1966   DOI   ScienceOn
43 Harris ED. Reguration of antioxidant enzyme. J Nur 122: 625-626, 1992
44 Seo JS, Bae MJ, Kim JM, Bae BS. Effect of different levels of ethanol ingestion and ethanol withdrawal on vitamin A and E contents in rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 29 (6): 1083-1089, 2000
45 Choi YS, Chung KH, Cho SH. Effects of alcohol consumption and fat content in diet on growth, hepatic function and biochemical indices of blood in rat. Kor J Nutr 20(6): 432-441, 1987
46 Yang KM. Effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin A and chronic consumption of ethanol on oxidative damage and antioxidant system in rats. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 32 (2) : 278-286, 2003
47 John DB. Clinical laboratory methods 9th ed. 552-553 Mosby, 1982